编程实习报告精选杨宇超

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上专心-专注-专业专心-专注-专业精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上专心-专注-专业编程实习报告（2009届）题目：用字符串指针实现学生成绩管理系统姓名：杨宇超学号：学院：自动化学院班级：指导教师：席旭刚高云园Timeyyyy年M月d日2011年7月5日2011年7月5日摘要：本文介绍运用C语言中单用字符串指针实现一个学生信息管理工具软件，主要功能有：add、show、sort、Delete。程序由七个子函数(creat、edit、extra、imdelete、print、save、)和一个主函数（main）组成。关键字：C语言、用字符串指针、学生信息

2、一、任务要求（用字符串指针实现学生成绩管理系统，具体完成的功能见可执行程序Student.exe。完成函数voidDeleteStudent(char*students,int*marks);voidSortClass(char*students,int*marks);voidShowClass(char*students,int*marks);voidEditMarks(char*students,int*marks);二、详细设计（分析各函数的功能，设计各函数的处理过程及其流程图）voidInsertStudent(char*students,int*marks);插入学生姓名基本想法：先

3、读取学生姓名，判断指针是否为空，为空则建立内存。否则再开拓新的内存空间，然后将读取的学生与名单一一比较，若相同，则显示已存在该学生，若没有，则开拓内存给新到的学生，并对名单进行排序，最后释放内存。voidDeleteStudent(char*students,int*marks);删除学生信息基本想法：先读取要删除的学生姓名，将读入的学生姓名与已存在的学生进行比较，如相同，记住该学生所在位置，判断该学生下一个是否为空，若为空，就可以直接把该学生内存释放掉。若不是，则用一个while将后面的所有学生向前移一位直到NULL，再释放最后的内存，最后再释放学生姓名的那个内存voidSortClass(

4、char*students,int*marks);排序基本想法：采用冒泡法来进行排序。N次排序先进行n-1次比大小，找到最小的，与第一个交换，再进行n-2次。voidShowClass(char*students,int*marks);显示所有学生信息基本想法：直接用printf输出，voidEditMarks(char*students,int*marks);编辑学生成绩基本想法：先读取要编辑的学生姓名，然后与所有的学生姓名进行比较，判断是否在名单内，若不在，就输出不在，否则就再读取该学生的5个成绩到marks三、编码实现#include#include#includevoidInsertS

5、tudent(char*students,int*marks);voidDeleteStudent(char*students,int*marks);voidSortClass(char*students,int*marks);voidShowClass(char*students,int*marks);voidEditMarks(char*students,int*marks);char*ReadLine();#definemerror(a)printf(memoryallocationerror%dn,a);exit(1);/*functionmain-*/intmain()char*st

6、udents=NULL;int*marks=NULL;charline100;intmenu;while(1)printf(Enter(1)toAddaStudenttoClassListn(2)toDeleteaStudentfromClassListn(3)toshowClassListn(4)toEditmarksofaStudentn(5)toQuitn);fflush(stdout);gets(line);if(sscanf(line,%d,&menu)!=1)printf(incorrectentry);continue;if(menu5)printf(incorrectselec

7、tion);continue;if(menu=1)InsertStudent(&students,&marks);elseif(menu=2)DeleteStudent(&students,&marks);elseif(menu=3)ShowClass(students,marks);elseif(menu=4)EditMarks(students,marks);elsebreak;/*endwhile*/return0;/readhere/*endmain*/*functionInsertStudent-*/*Thisfunctionpromptstheusertoenteranewstud

8、entname.ThepreciseformofthepromptisEnterStudentNametobeaddedtoClassList:Thenthisfunctionreadsthenamefromstandardinput.Butitmustbeabletoreadanynameofanysize!Thusyouhavetoallocatememory(usingmalloc()toreadtheinputinto,andifitisnotbigenough,mustuserealloc()toextendit.Youarenotallowedtoallocatemorethan1

9、0bytesinoneallocationorextendyoursegmentbymorethan10bytesinonecalltorealloc().Donotforgettodeallocatethememorybeforeexitingthefunction!Oncethefunctionhasthenametobeentered,ittraversesthearraystudenttofindoutifthenameisalreadythere.Ifso,thefunctiondisplaysawarningmessagestudentxxxalreadyintheclasslis

10、tandterminates(wherexxxisthenameofthestudent).Ifthenameisnotinthearray,thearraystudentsisextendedbyoneitem(usingrealloc()andacopyofthestringwiththenameisplacedthere.Alsothearraymarksisextendedbyonerow(usingrealloc()andallfivemarksinthatrowaresetto-1.ThenupdatedarraysstudentsandmarksarepassedtoSortCl

11、ass()sotheycanbesortedalphabetically,asyouarerequiredtokeeptheclasslistandthelistofmarksinalphabeticalorder.Notethatbothstudentsandmarksarepassedtothisfunctionbyreference,forthisfunctiononoccasionsmustbeabletomodifythevaluestoredinthepointerstudent(inmain()-whenputtingtheretheveryfirststudentorwhenr

12、ealloc()possiblymovesthearrayinthememorysomewhereelse.Thesameappliestomarks.*/voidInsertStudent(char*students,int*marks)intfound,i;char*students1;int*marks1;students1=*students;marks1=*marks;char*name;printf(EnterStudentNametobeaddedtoClassList:n);fflush(stdout);name=ReadLine();if(students1=NULL)if(

13、students1=(char*)malloc(2*sizeof(char*)=NULL)merror(2);if(students10=(char*)malloc(strlen(name)+1)=NULL)merror(3);strcpy(students10,name);students11=NULL;if(marks1=(int*)malloc(2*sizeof(int*)=NULL)merror(4);if(marks10=(int*)malloc(5*sizeof(int)=NULL)merror(5);marks100=marks101=marks102=marks103=mark

14、s104=0;marks11=NULL;*students=students1;*marks=marks1;return;/*dowehavethestudentyet*/for(found=i=0;students1i!=NULL;i+)if(strcmp(students1i,name)=0)found=1;break;if(found)printf(student%salreadyintheclasslistn,name);return;/*soitisnotintheclasslistyet*/students1=(char*)realloc(void*)students1,(i+2)

15、*sizeof(char*);if(students1=NULL)merror(6);if(students1i=(char*)malloc(strlen(name)+1)=NULL)merror(7);strcpy(students1i,name);students1i+1=NULL;free(void*)name);if(marks1=(int*)realloc(void*)marks1,sizeof(int*)*(i+2)=NULL)merror(8);if(marks1i=(int*)malloc(5*sizeof(int)=NULL)merror(9);marks1i0=marks1

16、i1=marks1i2=marks1i3=marks1i4=0;marks1i+1=NULL;SortClass(students1,marks1);*students=students1;*marks=marks1;/*functionDeleteStudent-*/*Thisfunctionpromptstheusertoenterastudentnametobedeleted.ThepreciseformofthepromptisEnterStudentNametobedeletedfromClassList:Thenthisfunctionreadsthenamefromstandar

17、dinput.Butitmustbeabletoreadanynameofanysize!Thusyouhavetoallocatememory(usingmalloc()toreadtheinputinto,andifitisnotbigenough,mustuserealloc()toextendit.Youarenotallowedtoallocatemorethan10bytesinoneallocationorextendyoursegmentbymorethan10bytesinonecalltorealloc().Donotforgettodeallocatethememoryb

18、eforeexitingthefunction!NotethatthispartofthecodeisthesameasinInsertStudent(),soyoucaneithercopyitorwriteafunctionthatwoulddoitforboth.Oncethefunctionhasthenametobedeleted,ittraversesthearraystudenttofindoutifitisthere.Ifnot,awarningmessageisdisplayedstudentxxxnotintheclasslistandthefunctionterminat

19、es.Ifitisfound(sayitsisstudentsd),adynamicone-dimensionalarrayoneitemshorterthanstudentsiscreatedandthestringsfromthearraystudentsareunhookedfromthearraysstudentsandhookedtothenewarraywiththeexceptionofthestringtobedeleted(dontforgetthatthedeletedstringmustbedeallocated).Nowdeallocatethearraystudent

20、sandmakethepointerstudentpointtothenewarray.Asyoucanseewehavethesamearrayofstringasbefore,butwithonestringdeleted.Youmustdothesamewiththearraymarks,foryoumustdeletecompletelyd-throw(soitdidcorrespondtostudentdwhichwedeleted).Notethatbothstudentsandmarksarepassedtothisfunctionbyreference,forthisfunct

21、iononmustbeabletomodifythevaluestoredinthepointerstudent(inmain()-whenastudentnameisdeleted.Thesameapliestomarks.*/voidDeleteStudent(char*students,int*marks)intfound,i,j,a,b;char*studentsx;int*marksx;char*students1;int*marks1;char*namex;char*name;printf(EnterStudentNametobedeletedfromClassList:n);ff

22、lush(stdout);name=ReadLine();namex=name;studentsx=*students;marksx=*marks;/*dowehavethestudentyet*/for(found=i=0;studentsxi!=NULL;i+)if(strcmp(studentsxi,name)=0)found=1;j=i;b=i;/*givegroopspace*/students1=(char*)malloc(b+1)*sizeof(char*);marks1=(int*)malloc(b+1)*sizeof(int*);if(found)for(i=0;ij;i+)

23、students1i=studentsxi;marks1i=marksxi;for(i=j;i=0)temp=studentsi;studentsi=studentsi+1;studentsi+1=temp;temp1=marksi;marksi=marksi+1;marksi+1=temp1;/*functionShowClass-*/*Inthisfunctionyoudisplayonthescreeneachstudentintheclassandhis/her5marksonaline.Ifthemarkis-1displayaspaceinstead.Afterthenameofs

24、tudentdisplay:andseparatethemarksby,Notethatbothstudentsandmarksarepassedtothisfunctionbyvalue,forthisfunctiondoesnotneedtomodifythevaluestoredinthepointerstudent.Thesameappliestomarks.*/voidShowClass(char*students,int*marks)inti;for(i=0;studentsi!=NULL;i+)printf(%s,%d,%d,%d,%d,%dn,studentsi,marksi0

25、,marksi1,marksi2,marksi3,marksi4);/*functionEditMarks-*/*Thisfunctionpromptstheusertoenterastudentnamewhosemarksaretobeedited.ThepreciseformofthepromptisEnterStudentNamewhosemarksaretobeedited:Thenthisfunctionreadsthenamefromstandardinput.Butitmustbeabletoreadanynameofanysize!Thusyouhavetoallocateme

26、mory(usingmalloc()toreadtheinputinto,andifitisnotbigenough,mustuserealloc()toextendit.Youarenotallowedtoallocatemorethan10bytesinoneallocationorextendyoursegmentbymorethan10bytesinonecalltorealloc().Donotforgettodeallocatethememorybeforeexitingthefunction!NotethatthispartofthecodeisthesameasinInsert

27、Student()andDeleteStudent(),soyoucaneithercopyitorwriteafunctionthatwoulddoitforallthree.Ifthestudentisnotfoundinthearraystudents,awarningmessagestudentxxxnotintheClassListisdisplayedonthescreenandthefunctionterminates.Ifitisfound,thestudentsnamefollowedby:andhis/herfivemarksaredisplayed(again,-1mus

28、tbeshownasaspace,asinShowClass().Letusassumethatthestudentinquestionhasmarks10,-1,20,15,5Thenthefunctiondisplaysaprompttotheuserforthefirstmarktoleavethe1stmark10unchangedpressotherwisetypethenewmarkandpressandreadstheusersreplyusinggets()intoacharacterarraysofsize80.Thenitusessscanf()onthatarraytoe

29、xtracttheresponse.Thenthefunctiondisplaysaprompttotheuserforthesecondmarktoleavethe2ndmarkunchangedpressotherwisetypethenewmarkandpressandreadstheusersreplyusinggets()intoacharacterarraysofsize80.Thenitusessscanf()onthatarraytoextracttheresponse.Etc.forthethird,fourth,andfifth.Notethatbothstudentsan

30、dmarksarepassedtothisfunctionbyvalue,forthisfunctiondoesnotneedtomodifythevaluestoredinthepointerstudent.Thesameappliestomarks.*/voidEditMarks(char*students,int*marks)intfound,i,j;char*name;printf(EnterStudentNametobeaddedmarksin:n);fflush(stdout);name=ReadLine();/*dowehavethestudentyet*/for(found=i

31、=0;studentsi!=NULL;i+)if(strcmp(studentsi,name)=0)found=1;j=i;break;if(found)printf(pleaseinput%ssmarksoffiveclassesdividedwithan,n,name);scanf(%d,%d,%d,%d,%d,&marksj0,&marksj1,&marksj2,&marksj3,&marksj4);return;elseprintf(wrongstudentnamen);return;/*fuctionreadline*/char*ReadLine()char*buf;inti,j,size;if(buf=(char*)malloc(10)=NULL)merror(0);size=10;j=-1;while(