2023版高三英语主题语境复习方案新教案：第2部分 主题群3 子主题6　社会(热点)问题

1、 子主题(六)社会(热点)问题阅读理解A(2020全国卷C)With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation(孤独)，more families are choosing to live together.The doorway to peace and quiet，for Nick Bright at least，leads straight to his motherinlaw：she lives on the ground floor，while he lives upstairs

2、 with his wife and their two daughters.Four years ago they all moved into a threestorey Victorian house in Bristolone of a growing number of multigenerational families in the UK living together under the same roof.They share a front door and a washing machine，but Rita Whitehead has her own kitchen，b

3、athroom，bedroom and living room on the ground floor.“We floated the idea to my mum of sharing a house，” says Kathryn Whitehead.Rita cuts in：“We spoke more with Nick because I think its a big thing for Nick to live with his motherinlaw.”And what does Nick think？“From my standpoint，it all seems to wor

4、k very well.Would I recommend it？Yes，I think I would.”Its hard to tell exactly how many people agree with him，but research indicates that the numbers have been rising for some time.Official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325，000 in

5、 2001 to 419，000 in 2013.Other varieties of multigenerational family are more common.Some people live with their elderly parents; many more adult children are returning to the family home，if they ever left.It is said that about 20% of 2534yearolds live with their parents，compared with 16% in 1991.Th

6、e total number of all multigenerational households in Britain is thought to be about 1.8 million.Stories like that are more common in parts of the world where multigenerational living is more firmly rooted.In India，particularly outside cities，young women are expected to move in with their husbands f

7、amily when they get married.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了随着年轻人生活压力的增大以及老年人孤独感的增加，越来越多的英国家庭选择几世同堂，且这已成为一种趋势。1Who mainly uses the ground floor in the Victorian house in Bristol?ANick.BRita.CKathryn.DThe daughters.B细节理解题。根据第三段“Four years ago they all moved into a threestorey Victorian house in Bristol.but Rita Whitehe

8、ad has her own kitchen，bathroom，bedroom and living room on the ground floor.”可知，在布里斯托尔的维多利亚时代的房子里，Rita住在一楼，故选B。2What is Nicks attitude towards sharing the house with his motherinlaw?APositive.BCarefree.CTolerant.DUnwilling.A推理判断题。根据第五段中的“From my standpoint，it all seems to work very well.Would I reco

9、mmend it？Yes，I think I would.”可以判断，Nick对于与岳母住在一起持积极的态度，故选A。carefree无忧无虑的；tolerant宽容的；unwilling不情愿的。3What is the authors statement about multigenerational family based on?AFamily traditions.BFinancial reports.CPublished statistics.DPublic opinions.C推理判断题。根据第六段中的“Official reports suggest that the numb

10、er of households with three generations living together had risen from 325，000 in 2001 to 419，000 in 2013.”和第七段中的“It is said that about 20% of 2534yearolds.about 1.8 million.”可知，作者通过罗列数据来说明几世同堂家庭的情况，故C项“公布的数据”正确。4What is the text mainly about?ALifestyles in different countries.BConflicts between gen

11、erations.CA housing problem in Britain.DA rising trend of living in the UK.D主旨大意题。根据全文中心句“With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation (孤独)，more families are choosing to live together.”可知，本文主要介绍了近年来英国人选择几世同堂的趋势在上升，故选D。B(2019全国卷C)Marian Bechtel sits at West Palm Beac

12、hs Bar Louie counter by herself，quietly reading her ebook as she waits for her salad.What is she reading？None of your business！Lunch is Bechtels “me” time.And like more Americans，shes not alone.A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America.More than half(53 percent)have breakfast

13、 alone and nearly half (46 percent)have lunch by themselves.Only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore，74 percent，according to statistics from the report.“I prefer to go out and be out.Alone，but together，you know？”Bechtel said，looking up from her book.Bechtel，who works in downtown West Palm B

14、each，has lunch with coworkers sometimes，but like many of us，too often works through lunch at her desk.A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder.She returns to work feeling energized.“Today，I just wanted some time to myself，”she said.Just two seats over，Andrew Mazo

15、leny，a local videographer，is finishing his lunch at the bar.He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom hes on a firstname basis if he wants to have a little interaction(交流)“I reflect on how my days gone and think about the rest of the week，”he said.“Its

16、a chance for selfreflection.You return to work recharged and with a plan.”That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone.There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one，but those days are over.Now，we have our smartphones to keep us company at t

17、he table.“It doesnt feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology，”said Laurie Demeritt，whose company provided the statistics for the report.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了现在的美国人多数喜欢独自一人吃饭，他们喜欢这种独处带来的自由。5What are the statistics in Paragraph 2 about?AFood variety.BEating habits.CTable manne

18、rs.DRestaurant service.B推理判断题。根据第二段中的大部分人独自吃早饭或午饭，一起吃晚饭的数据可知，这是对美国人的饮食习惯进行了调查，故答案为B。6Why does Bechtel prefer to go out for lunch?ATo meet with her coworkers.BTo catch up with her work.CTo have some time on her own.DTo collect data for her report.C细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I just wanted some time to myself(我只是想给

19、自己一点儿时间)”可知，Bechtel更喜欢出去吃午饭的原因是想拥有自己的时间，故答案为C。7What do we know about Mazoleny?AHe makes videos for the bar.BHes fond of the food at the bar.CHe interviews customers at the bar.DHes familiar with the barkeeper.D推理判断题。根据题干中的Mazoleny可定位到第四段，“.chat up the barkeeper with whom hes on a firstname basis if

20、he wants to have a little interaction.”中的on a firstname basis的意思是“关系好，可以直呼其名”，由此可知Mazoleny与酒吧服务员很熟，故答案为D。8What is the text mainly about?AThe trend of having meals alone.BThe importance of selfreflection.CThe stress from working overtime.DThe advantage of wireless technology.A主旨大意题。根据第一、三、四段的例子，第二段的数

21、据以及最后一段中的第一句“That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone.”再次提及的eat alone可知，本文主要说了独自用餐已经逐渐成为一种趋势，故答案为A。C(2019北京卷C)The problem of robocalls has gotten so bad that many people now refuse to pick up calls from numbers they dont know.By next year，half of the calls we receive will b

22、e scams(欺诈)We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools，apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through.Unfortunately，its too little，too late.By the time these “solutions”(解决方案)become widely available，scammers will have m

23、oved onto cleverer means.In the near future，its not just going to be the number you see on your screen that will be in doubt.Soon you will also question whether the voice youre hearing is actually real.Thats because there are a number of powerful voice manipulation ( 处理 ) and automation technologies

24、 that are about to become widely available for anyone to use.At this years I/O Conference，a company showed a new voice technology able to produce such a convincing humansounding voice that it was able to speak to a receptionist and book a reservation without detection.These developments are likely t

25、o make our current problems with robocalls much worse.The reason that robocalls are a headache has less to do with amount than precision.A decade of data breaches(数据侵入)of personal information has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your mothers name，and far more.Armed with this knowle

26、dge, theyre able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to cheat people.This means, for example，that a scammer could call you from what looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like your bank tellers，tricking you into “confirming” your address，mothers nam

27、e，and card number.Scammers follow money，so companies will be the worst hit.A lot of business is still done over the phone，and much of it is based on trust and existing relationships.Voice manipulation technologies may weaken that gradually.We need to deal with the insecure nature of our telecom netw

28、orks.Phone carriers and consumers need to work together to find ways of determining and communicating what is real.That might mean either developing a uniform way to mark videos and images, showing when and who they were made by，or abandoning phone calls altogether and moving towards databased commu

29、nicationsusing apps like FaceTime or WhatsApp, which can be tied to your identity.Credibility is hard to earn but easy to lose, and the problem is only going to get harder from here on out.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。语音操作与自动化技术的出现使得机器人电话可以以假乱真，语音操作和自动化技术发展会使得机器人电话产生的问题更加严重。9How does the author feel about the sol

30、utions to problem of robocalls?APanicked.BConfused.CEmbarrassed.DDisappointed.D推理判断题。根据第一段中的“We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools, apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through.Unfortunately, its too little, too

31、 late.By the time these solutions(解决方案) become widely available, scammers will have moved onto cleverer means.”可知，在这些“解决方案”被广泛使用的时候，骗子就会有更高明的手段。由此推知，作者认为这些“解决办法”对于解决问题起不了什么作用，因此作者感到很“失望”。故D选项正确。10Taking advantage of the new technologies，scammers can _Aaim at victims preciselyBdamage databases easily

32、Cstart campaigns rapidlyDspread information widelyA细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The reason that robocalls are a headache has less to do with amount than precision.A decade of data breaches(数据侵入) of personal information has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your mothers name, and far more.Armed wit

33、h this knowledge, theyre able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to cheat people.”根据这些可知，利用这种新的技术，欺诈者们可以精确的确定他们行骗的目标。故A选项正确。11What does the passage imply?AHonesty is the best policy.BTechnologies can be doubleedged.CThere are more solutions than problems.DCredibility holds the key to devel

34、opment.B推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句可知，这项语音技术可以产生一个听起来和人类非常相似的声音，它可以和接待员进行交谈，进行预订。由此可知，这项新技术有其好的方面。根据第三段的叙述可知，欺诈者们可以利用这项新技术来进行欺诈行为。由此推知，这项新技术既可以发挥好的作用，也可能为坏人所利用，产生不好的影响，因此可以说它是一把双刃剑。故B选项正确。12Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?AWhere the Problem of Robocalls Is RootedBWho Is to Blame f

35、or the Problem of RobocallsCWhy Robocalls Are About to Get More DangerousDHow Robocalls Are Affecting the World of TechnologyC标题归纳题。第一段提到：问题在未来会变得越来越严重，不仅仅是出现在你的手机屏幕上的电话号码令人怀疑，而且你会质疑听到的声音是否是真的。第二段介绍原因：语音操作与自动化技术的出现使得机器人电话可以以假乱真。第三段介绍了语音操作和自动化技术发展会使得机器人电话产生的问题更加严重。最后两段提出我们该如何应对这些问题。综上，文章第一段点明文章中心：机器人

36、电话问题在未来会变得越来越严重。下文都是围绕这一话题展开的。故C选项适合作标题。完形填空(2019浙江卷)There are lots of ways to raise awareness for a cause.Usually, the 1 the idea is, the more it gets noticed.And thats precisely why one 2 Frenchman has caught our attention.Baptiste Dubanchet is biking across Europe，surviving 3 on discarded(丢弃)food

37、.The threemonth，1，900mile journey from Paris to Warsaw is Dubanchets 4 of raising awareness of food waste in Europe and throughout the world.As you can 5 ， the trip is no piece of cake.While restaurants 6 tons of food each year, much of it remains inaccessible because of 7 garbage containers, health

38、 regulations, or business policies.Only about one in ten places 8 him food that would otherwise be discarded.For legal 9 ， most restaurants have a policy against 10 food waste.“Some people have even 11 their jobs by giving me food，” Dubanchet said.Whats 12 interesting is the attitude various cities

39、have toward Dubanchets cause.Berlin has been the 13 while the most difficult was the Czech town of Pilsen.There, he had to 14 at some 50 different stores or restaurants before finding food.The 15 is all the more serious when you consider the 16 exercise required to bike from France to Poland.“I have

40、 to get food 17 because after all the biking I am tired and I need the 18 ，”Dubanchet explained.“Is my 19 full or empty? That is the most important thing, not what I am eating.”He aims to 20 his journey by midJuly.With any luck, hell turn a few more heads in the process.【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了法国人Bap

41、tiste Dubanchet骑着自行车穿越欧洲，完全靠丢弃的食物生存，试图通过他的行动，来唤起人们对食物浪费现象的关注。1AclevererBolderCstrangerDsimplerC考查形容词辨析。根据“Usually, the _ the idea is, the more it gets noticed.”可知这里意思是通常，这个观点越奇怪，它就会越受到关注。故选C。2AgarbageeatingBsportslovingCfoodwastingDlawbreakingA考查形容词辨析。根据“Baptiste Dubanchet is biking across Europe, s

42、urviving _ on discarded(丢弃) food.”可知这里意思是那就是为什么一个“吃垃圾”的法国人引起了我们的注意。故选A。3AsecretlyBfinallyCentirelyDprobablyC考查副词辨析。句意：Baptiste Dubanchet骑着自行车穿越欧洲，完全靠丢弃的食物生存。故选C。4ApurposeBwayCopinionDdreamB考查名词辨析。句意：从巴黎到华沙历时三个月、1 900英里的旅程，是Dubanchet引起欧洲和全世界对食物浪费这一现象关注的方式。故选B。5AobserveBimagineCsuggestDrememberB考查动词辨析

43、。句意：你可以想象，这次旅行不是小菜一碟。故选B。6AstoreBcookCshop forDthrow awayD考查动词和动词短语辨析。句意：虽然餐馆每年扔掉大量的食物，但由于垃圾容器上锁、卫生规定或商业政策，很多食物仍然难以接近。故选D。7AlockedBdamagedCconnectedDabandonedA考查形容词辨析。根据“it remains inaccessible”可知这里意思是垃圾容器上锁。故选A。8AboughtBofferedCorderedDsoldB考查动词辨析。句意：只有大约十分之一的地方给他提供了食物，否则就会被丢弃。故选B。9AreasonsBrightsC

44、feesDaidsA考查名词辨析。句意：由于法律原因，大多数餐馆都有禁止浪费食物的政策。故选A。10Abegging forBgiving awayChidingDcausingB考查动词和动词短语辨析。句意：由于法律原因，大多数餐馆都有禁止分发食物残渣的政策。故选B。11AdidBkeptCacceptedDriskedD考查动词辨析。上文说由于法律原因，大多数餐馆都有禁止分发食物残渣的政策。可知这里意思是有些人甚至冒着失业的危险给我食物。故选D。12AhardlyBusuallyCparticularlyDmerelyC考查副词辨析。句意：特别有趣的是各个城市对Dubanchet事件的态度

45、。故选C。13AeasiestBnearestCbiggestDrichestA考查形容词辨析。根据“while the most difficult was the Czech town of Pilsen”可知这里意思是柏林是最容易的。故选A。14AworkBshoutCaskDjumpC考查动词辨析。句意：在那里，他必须在大约50家不同的商店或餐馆询问，才能找到食物。故选C。15AcompetitionBconversationCconflictDchallengeD考查名词辨析。句意：当你考虑到从法国骑自行车到波兰所需要的高强度运动时，挑战就更加严峻了。故选D。16AadequateB

46、rewardingCdemandingDsuitableC考查形容词辨析。句意见上题。故选C。17AagainBaloneClaterDfastD考查副词辨析。句意：我必须快点吃东西，因为骑了那么久的自行车，我累了，我需要能量。故选D。18AspiritBenergyCtimeDeffortB考查名词辨析。根据“because after all the biking I am tired”可知我需要能量。故选B。19AstomachBhandCpocketDbasketA考查名词辨析。根据“That is the most important thing, not what I am eat

47、ing.”可知这里意思是我的胃是满的还是空的。故选A。20AarrangeBrestartCreportDfinishD考查动词辨析。根据“With any luck, hell turn a few more heads in the process.”可知这里意思是他计划在七月中旬结束他的旅行。故选D。1isolation n隔离；孤立2float v提出3indicate vt.表明；指出；预示4particularly adv.尤其5attitude n态度，观点6positive adj.积极的，阳性的7statistics n数据8awkward adj.尴尬的9actually

48、adv.实际上10conference n会议11precision n精确，精度12individually adv.个别地，单独地13insecure adj.不安全的；不稳定的14uniform n制服 adj.统一的15inaccessible adj.难达到的；难接近的16otherwise adv.否则；另外；在其他方面17conflict n矛盾，冲突1afford vt.买得起；给予，提供2share v分享 n份额3total n总数 adj.全部的4unwilling adj.不乐意的5escape v逃脱6provide v提供7intend v意欲，打算1compare

49、 v比较comparison n比较2tolerant adj.容忍的tolerance n忍受3tradition n传统traditional adj.传统的4choose v选择choice n选择5reserve v预订reservation n预订，预留6confirm v确认，证实confirmation n证实7credible adj.可信的credibility n相信8regulate v控制，管理regulation n.条例；规程1none of your business 没你的事2according to 根据，按照3catch up with 赶上4be abou

50、t to 正要5carry out 实施，实行即时演练单句语法填空1Therefore，I was unwilling(willing) to communicate with others in case I lost face.2We could not afford to overlook(overlook) such a serious offence.3The dancers incredible(credible) performance had the audience on its feet clapping for 10 minutes at the end of the s

51、how.4Its reported that the astronauts will carry out a serious of scientific experiments in space.5They managed to escape (escape) from the burning building by breaking open the door.6Frustrated by frequent failures in my English exams, I found myself on the point of giving up totally (total)7Howeve

52、r, he made efforts to catch up with others, and made progress little by little.8I was about to hand in the paper when I found another mistake and then corrected it carefully.9(2019北京卷)Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend, and its never

53、too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and meaningful college experience.熟词生义(写出句中黑体词的汉语意思)1“We floated the idea to my mum of sharing a house，” says Kathryn Whitehead.提出2From my standpoint, it all seems to work very well.奏效；有作用3Stories like that are more common in parts of the world

54、where multigenerational living is more firmly rooted.根深蒂固.似易实难(将句中黑体词部分译成汉语)1many more adult children are returning to the family home, if they ever left.译文更多的成年孩子返回到父母所在的家，如果他们曾经搬出去过的话。2And like more Americans，shes not alone.译文而且更多的美国人都像她这样。.复杂晦涩(分析句子结构并译成汉语)1Bechtel, who works in downtown West Pal

55、m Beach, has lunch with coworkers sometimes, but like many of us, too often works through lunch at her desk.分析主句结构是Bechtel has lunch, but works through lunch，who 引导定语从句修饰Bechtel。译文贝克特尔在西棕榈海滩市中心工作，她偶尔和同事共进午餐，但是，就像我们很多人那样，更多时候是在办公桌旁边工作边吃午餐。2At this years I/O Conference, a company showed a new voice te

56、chnology able to produce such a convincing humansounding voice that it was able to speak to a receptionist and book a reservation without detection.分析主句为a company showed a new voice technology，able to produce 是形容词短语结构作定语修饰 voice technology，such a convincing humansounding voice 是produce的宾语结构，that引导状语

57、从句，构成“such.that.”句型，表示“如此以至于”，that从句中是主系表结构，即it was able to speak.。译文在今年的I/O会议上，一家公司展示了一种新的语音技术，能够制作逼真的人的声音，可以跟接待员交流并预订房间，而不被察觉。3This means, for example, that a scammer could call you from what looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like your bank tellers, tr

58、icking you into “confirming” your address, mothers name, and card number.分析本句主句为this means that., 第一个that引导宾语从句，宾语从句中主语是a scammer，谓语是could call.and talk to.。what引导宾语从句，作介词from的宾语。using a voice是现在分词短语作talk to you的状语， 第二个that引导定语从句that sounds exactly like your bank tellers修饰voice, tricking you.是现在分词短语

59、作状语，修饰主句动词could call.and talk.。译文这意味着，比如，诈骗分子可以用一个你看起来很熟悉的号码给你打电话，用一个听起来完全像银行柜员的嗓音和你说话，欺骗你“确认”你的地址，母亲的名字和银行卡号。4That might mean either developing a uniform way to mark videos and images, showing when and who they were made by, or abandoning phone calls altogether and moving towards databased communic

60、ationsusing apps like FaceTime or WhatsApp, which can be tied to your identity.分析本句主语是That, 谓语might mean，其余都是mean的宾语。宾语是由either.or.连接的两组动名词宾语结构组成。第一组中，developing a uniform way是mean的宾语，但showing.是状语，when and who引导showing的宾语从句；第二组中，abandoning.和moving.都是mean的宾语结构，但是using apps.则是动词moving 的状语。which引导定语从句修