2023版高三英语主题语境复习方案新教材：课时分层作业31　人与环境、人与动植物

1、 课时分层作业(三十一).阅读理解A(2021苏北适应性考试)Familyfriendly walksPadley GorgeNext to Grindleford Station, eight miles north of Bakewell，lies Padley Gorge. Trails are kept as natural as possibleits more a case of finding the gaps in the woods than following a path.Longshaw EstateThe 1.7mile walking route around th

2、is National Trust estate skirts the upper end of Padley Gorge. Children love the stepping stones, though Longshaw is mostly all about the giant fallen trees, left in place for little hands and feet to delightfully climb over.Higger TorA pile of giant rocks dominates Higger Tor, the best of several l

3、ookouts along the Ringinglow Road between Hathersage and Sheffield. Walk through the nearby fields, then let the kids climb over hundreds of strangely smooth grey stones. The views out over the Hope Valley are great and impressive, and the rock pools in Burbage Brook are perfect for rowing in.Stanag

4、e EdgePopular with rock climbers, this stone cliff marks the boundary of the mysterious land of the Dark Peak cliff and the grasscovered flat land of White Peak. Its a six miles circular walk from Hathersage. Alternatively, park at the Hollin Bank Car Park and climb half a mile to the top, out of br

5、eath.Chatsworth EstateA threemile circle from Calton Lees Car Park takes in a ruined factory, the pretty village of Edensor and views of Chatsworth House. Appreciate the stretch along the River Derwentdeer often hang out there.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了五处适合家庭散步的地点，以及它们的特色。1Whom is the text intended for?AF

6、riends.BFarmers.CFamilies. DClimbers.C细节理解题。根据标题“Familyfriendly walks”以及整篇文章所介绍的内容可知这篇文章是写给家庭的。2Which walks are most suitable for children?AHigger Tor and Stanage Edge.BLongshaw Estate and Higger Tor.CPadley Gorge and Longshaw Estate.DStanage Edge and Chatsworth Estate.B细节理解题。根据Longshaw Estate部分中的“C

7、hildren love the.climb over.”以及Higger Tor部分中的“then let the kids climb over hundreds of strangely smooth grey stones”可知，这两个地点最适合孩子们去散步。3During which walk are you likely to meet animals?APadley Gorge.BLongshaw Estate.CStanage Edge.DChatsworth Estate.D细节理解题。根据Chatsworth Estate部分中的“deer often hang out t

8、here”可知，在Chatsworth Estate散步很可能会遇到动物。B(2021沈阳市质量监测)When I first got the bird, it must have only just been hatched. Its mother had disappeared, leaving it alone and shivering in the face of the north wind. I decided to take it straight back and build it a new home.At that time, we grew a great many f

9、lowers in our house.Next to one hanging orchid (兰花) I hung another empty flowerpot and it was in this pot that the bird was to have its new home. When Dad got home, he immediately discovered the new addition to our family. Without saying a word, he turned around and left the house. After some time,

10、he returned and I saw that he had a handful of grass and pine needles. Obviously, Dad thought the nest I had made was far too rough and so he had decided to decorate it himself.“A bird born at this time of year wont survive the winter.”In spite of this prediction on the birds future, Dad very carefu

11、lly fashioned the nest himself. Soon I found “Nuo Nuo” (Dad had named him) had started to grow feathers. They looked like such fine little hairs that you could only notice them if you looked really closely. I only discovered them because every day I would cup him in my hands and look at him.Dad prob

12、ably realized that he had been a little cruel in his prediction. You see, he had already started training Nuo Nuo to walk. As you know, Nuo Nuo lived in a flowerpot, not a cage or anything. When he had nothing else to do, he walked around his little home. There were times when he was a bit naughty t

13、oo and he jumped down onto our dining table.It was obvious that Nuo Nuo didnt realize he was a bird. He perhaps thought he was one of the family. But it is not enough for a bird to walk. It must fly as well. Dad soon began attempting to make him learn this new ability, but it was not an easy task.Af

14、ter all, nobody in our family had mastered the art of flying.We didnt even have wings. How could we ask Nuo Nuo to do something that we had no means of doing ourselves?The flying lessons went on regardless. Dad jumped off a chair, waving his arms as if his life depended on it, in an attempt to encou

15、rage Nuo Nuo to shake his wings. Surprisingly，this stupid action of Dads did actually have an effect. Nuo Nuo began to shake his wings and started to rise.Everything is hard in the beginning. But seeing as what we had already started, the fact that Nuo Nuo couldnt fly was no reason not to continue t

16、rying. Nuo Nuo learnt to fly finally and he survived the winter as well.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了小鸟“诺诺”自幼便失去母亲，在作者和作者父亲的帮助下，它不但在严冬存活了下来，还学会了飞翔的故事。4According to the text, what is the new addition to the family?AOne hanging orchid.BAnother empty flowerpot.CThe little bird.DA handful of grass.C细节理解题。根据第二段第二

17、句可知，在一盆兰花的旁边，我又挂了一个空花盆，这只鸟就是在这个花盆里安家的；据此可知，家庭的新成员是指这只小鸟，故C项正确。5Why is it not an easy task to make the bird learn to fly?ABecause the bird was raised in the cage.BBecause the bird was one of the family.CBecause the family didnt want to teach him to fly.DBecause the family didnt have relevant experien

18、ce.D细节理解题。根据第五段中的“After all，nobody in our family had mastered the art of flying.”可知，我们全家没有一个人掌握飞行技巧，所以难以教会小鸟“诺诺”飞行，故D项正确。6Whats the familys attitude towards the bird?ACruel.BConsiderate.CTolerant. DUnconcerned.B推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句可知，父亲认为我做的窝太粗糙了，决定用草和松针重新装饰；根据倒数第二段可知，见到“诺诺”不会飞翔，父亲挥舞着手臂从椅子上跳了起来，教小鸟飞行。据此可

19、以判断，全家人对小鸟体贴细心，故B项正确。7What can we learn from the last paragraph?AAll the predictions may come true.BNothing is difficult in the beginning.CEverything deserves a try though hard.DThere is always a reason to do something.C推理判断题。根据尾段第一、二句可知，万事开头难。但鉴于我们已经开始了，“诺诺”不能飞行的事实没有理由不继续尝试。据此可以判断，每件事都值得一试，尽管很难。故C项

20、正确。C(2021潍坊市联考)Youve likely encountered the humblebrag beforeboasting(吹嘘)disguised as a complaint, such as: “Im having such a stressful day. I got two job offers and I dont know what to do.”This is a typical example of humblebragging, a term coined by comedic writer Harris Wittels referring to “a sp

21、ecific type of boast that allows the offender to broadcast their achievements without the necessary shame and guilt that should normally accompany such claims”. In simpler terms, its a way to disguise a boast with some humility. Humblebragging comes in two different forms. The first is humilitybased

22、, an example being，“I cant believe I got the highest grade in my class”. The second type comes mixed with a bit of complaint, for example，“I cant believe that shopkeeper asked me for ID.Im 25！”People dont like when others humblebrag because they find they are lacking in sincerity. Sincerity is a cri

23、tical dimension of social evaluation, which is viewed as fundamental to peoples identity. In fact, sincerity is prized even above competence and warmth in others, according to Dr. Sezer.If humblebragging doesnt work, and no one likes it, why do we still do it? We all want to highlight our positive q

24、ualities without seeming proud. By speaking in a complaint or an expression of humility, we hope well somehow land on the “sweet spot” of selfpresentation: promoting ourselves while also conveying likability. In addition, research suggests that people may experience positive emotions while humblebra

25、gging.Considering that were all likely to feel the urge to humblebrag, at least to some extent, the proper response when we hear a friend doing it may be to simply let it gobecause ultimately were going to do it ourselves, and to be who really want to be called out on it?【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一种人们在日

26、常交流中会用到的说话方式：以看似谦虚的方式或用苦恼的口吻自吹自擂，即网络上流行的“凡尔赛”文学。8Which of the following remarks is an example of humblebragging?AHow I hate hearing my voice on TV!BIm thrilled to be awarded the first prize.CIm the only person to get promoted in the firm.DHow I dislike doing the same thing every day!A推理判断题。根据第二段中对hu

27、mblebragging的定义“a specific type of boast that allows the offender to broadcast their achievements without the necessary shame and guilt that should normally accompany such claims”可知，humblebragging是一种以看似谦虚的方式或用苦恼的口吻吹嘘自己的说话方式，故A项正确。9Which can best describe peoples impression of humblebraggers?AHonest.

28、BHumble.CInsincere. DIncapable.C细节理解题。根据第三段中的“People dont like when others humblebrag because they find they are lacking in sincerity.”可知，当人们听到别人吹嘘自己的时候，会觉得说话者不真诚，故C项正确。humble“谦逊的”；insincere“不诚恳的，虚伪的”；incapable“无能力的”。10Why do people humblebrag?ATo lift their spirits.BTo express their complaints.CTo

29、improve their moral qualities.DTo show off without bringing annoyance.D细节理解题。根据第四段中的“We all want to highlight our positive qualities without seeming proud”可知，人们以看似谦虚的方式或用苦恼的口吻吹嘘自己是为了以一种不让人感到生气的方式炫耀自己，故D项正确。11What are people advised to do when hearing a humblebrag from a friend?AFollow it up.BLeave i

30、t alone.CTurn against it.DGet to the root of it.B细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“the proper response when we hear a friend doing it may be to simply let it go”可知，在面对别人吹嘘他们自己的时候，我们最好的回应是置之不理，故B项正确。D(2021长春市质量监测)Since the day the car and the airplane coexisted people have dreamed of combining them into one allpurpose，

31、goanywhere，doanything vehicle.However，there are a lot of reasons why cars and airplanes have yet to join forces.They have very different needs，like the number of wheels.The four wheels on a car distribute its weight and provide traction and stability.A 3wheel car is much more likely to roll when tak

32、ing a turn at high speed.But airplanes have three wheels because when theyre on the ground they dont need to take turns at speed，so a 4th wheel would just be unnecessary weight.Tricycle wheel arrangements are also better suited to landing in crosswinds.Aircraft also have other needs like wings.Wheth

33、er theyre fixed wings like an airliner or rotary wings like a helicopter，to generate enough lift they have to be much larger than what the restricted freeway lanes and parking spaces would allow.So most designs for flying cars have wings that are either detachable (可拆卸的) or foldable.That hasnt stopp

34、ed some people from trying，and now one Dutch company，PALV，thinks their Liberty design has made flying cars a practical reality.In 2005，the company discovered the work of another Dutch company，Carver，which made 3wheel cars that leaned like motorcycles.As for generating lift，PALV chose a rotary design

35、 called autogyros.Unlike a helicopter，the rotor (旋翼) of an autogyro is unpowered in flight.Instead，the air flowing over it causes it to spin and generate lift.Autogyros also have short takeoff and landing requirements，so setting one down in an emergency is less dangerous than in a fixedwing aircraft

36、.The Liberty received road certification in Europe in October of 2020，hoping to deliver to their first customers starting in 2022.【语篇解读】文章主要介绍了制造飞行汽车要解决的问题以及一家荷兰公司成功研制出了飞行汽车。12What can be learned from paragraph 1?AFlying cars have long been dreamed of by humans.BThe coexistence of cars and airplanes

37、 satisfies people.CThe car and the airplane are less popular nowadays.DCars and airplanes were invented at the same time.A细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句可知，从汽车和飞机共存的那一天起，人们就梦想着把它们结合成一个可以去任何地方、做任何事情的通用交通工具。显然，飞行汽车一直是人们的梦想。故选A。13Why are the needs like the number of wheels and wings mentioned?ATo compare vehicles lik

38、e cars and airplanes.BTo explain the functions of wings and wheels.CTo present two major problems to be solved.DTo show the basic rules of vehicle designs.C推理判断题。作者在文章第二段以车轮为例介绍了汽车和飞机不同的需要；文章第三段介绍了飞机对机翼的需求。结合第一段最后一句话可推知，作者提到轮子的数量和机翼的目的是呈现要制造飞行汽车需要解决的两个重要的问题。故选C。14What is the advantage of Liberty ove

39、r a traditional airliner?AIt can be controlled more easily.BIts takeoff needs less space and time.CIt consumes less power when flying.DIts landing is less dangerous in emergency.D细节理解题。根据文章第五段最后一句可知，旋翼机也有短时间起飞和降落的要求，所以在紧急情况下放下旋翼机比固定翼飞机危险性小。所以Liberty的优点是，在紧急情况下，它的着陆危险性小。故选D。15What conclusion can be d

40、rawn from the passage?AEurope gives Liberty a warm welcome.BFlying cars will replace the other vehicles.CLiberty can be seen globally once marketed.DPALV succeeds in making flying cars a reality.D推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，现在一家荷兰公司已让飞行汽车成为现实。故选D。.阅读七选五(2021南京市、盐城市模拟)Rules for Being the Age You AreIf you have r

41、ecently entered that period of life known as middle age，the building years of your life will be over, and what you are now is pretty much what you are going to be. Soon it will be what you were. You can no longer tell yourself that you might move to Lisbon, learn Portuguese, and take up the guitar.

42、1 Do not just give people credit. 2 Heres a funny thing Ive learned: No matter how many times you hear them, the words “You are amazing, and heres why” never go out of style.Give yourself permission to be bad. You know what youre really good at? Things youve done many times before.Mastery is boredom

43、. Unfortunately we enjoy feeling like masters. 3 We keep ourselves bored to protect ourselves from feeling stupid. 4 Nine times out of ten, youll be bored and go home early. But the tenth time, you will have a worthy experience to meet an interesting person. It will make up for those other wasted ho

44、urs.Do that thing you want to do right now. I mean，literally, pause reading this column, pick up the phone, and book that skydiving session. RIGHT NOW. Dont put it off until you have the time to really relax and enjoy it. 5 Its highly possible that you wont be able to enjoy it. I will never forgive

45、myself for passing up a chance to go to trapeze (高空秋千，吊架) school in my late 20s.AAlways do it later.BWe hate feeling like fools.CGo home as late as possible.DTell them exactly how fantastic they are.EGo to the party even when you dont want to.FThat would be approximately three decades from now.GBut

46、a set of simple rules can guide you through the rest of the way.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四条适用于中年时期的规则，包括不要只是单纯地赞扬别人，做你现在就想做的事等。1G考查上下文衔接。由空处所在位置可知，空处承上启下。下文列举了几条规则，与G项中的“a set of simple rules”相呼应，代入G项，符合语境，因此选G。2D考查上下文衔接。本段主旨句表述不要只是单纯地赞扬别人，与选项D“精确地告诉他们他们有多棒”相呼应，因此选D。3B考查上下文衔接。空前一句指出不幸的是，我们总是喜欢成为大师，与选项B“我

47、们不喜欢成为愚者”相呼应，同时空后的“protect ourselves from feeling stupid”也是提示。4E考查段落主旨句。此空为段首句，结合文章结构可知，空处作本段的主旨句。本段主要讲了多次去聚会后总有一次会有收获。因此选E项。5F考查上下文衔接。此空为过渡句，空前一句表述不要把你想做的事情推迟到你有时间真正放松和享受它的时候才去做，而空后一句表述极有可能，你就不再能享受它，F项中的That指代上文中的the time，F项意为“这个时间大约会是三十年以后”，符合语境，衔接上下文。.完形填空(2021山东部分重点中学综合测试)Hansen and his 10yearol

48、d son Chase search the streets of Salt Lake City every weekend for the homeless to have lunch.They started Project Empathy four years ago to 1 a meal，listen to their stories and figure out how they can 2 help.“Just start with a smile, a hello. It really just starts with that. If you do it, you can m

49、ake a connection. A small gesture can have a 3 impact on others less fortunate，” Hansen 4 in an interview.Some of these shared meals have turned into stronger 5 Ward, a homeless person, was 6 in a flat. He was grateful to the Hansens for helping him 7 the difficult process of moving off the streets. “It is great to have friends who make us feel 8 and Im impressed with the pair，” Ward said.Father and sons 9 have developed into a passion project that 10 faith and community, which emphasizes the 11 co