北京东城区五中2022-2023学年高考压轴卷英语试卷含解析

1、2022-2023学年高考英语模拟试卷注意事项：1答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号填写在试题卷和答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型（B）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码粘贴在答题卡右上角条形码粘贴处。2作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试题卷上。3非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。4考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答

2、题卡一并交回。第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1Self- confidence is a kind of quality and that is it takes to do everything well.AwhyBthatCwhatDwhich2Different cultural features of ethnic groups are _ one another and work out a melodyAin tune withBin parallel withCin contrast toDin response to3Hopefully，the new m

3、ethod will be effective，helping students to get their career plans _.Aat hand Bat willCon trial Don track4So difficult_it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice.AI did findBdidI findCI have foundDhave I found5-The prices of vegetables are going up madly. Its really too much for

4、 us.-But for the situation where many vegetable producing areas _ constant low temperature, things would not be like this.Ameet withBhave met withCmet withDhad met with6语音知识（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项。1. anything AmanyBmagazineCmanageDmatch2. achievedApracticedBmarkedCope

5、ratedDdamaged3. dealtA. deal BgreatCmeantDleader4. seize Aeither B. receive C. eight D. height5. youth Athus Bbreakthrough Cgather Dalthough7Jacks fellow workers often turn to him for help when trapped in trouble because he is a _of ideas.Afountain BsessionCdiagram Dresource8Jane established a progr

6、am, _ young people to take part in activities _ promote greater concern for the environmentAto encourage; whereBhaving encouraged; whereCencouraging; thatDencouraged; which9With no one them，the two thieves stole into the house Awatch Bwatching Cwatches Dwatched10The course about Chinese food attract

7、s over 100 students per year, _ up to half are from overseas.Ain whichBof whomCwith whichDfor whom11I will pick you up at 7 oclock tomorrow morning. Is that all right?_. See you then.AId love to.BThats settled.CIts up to youDMy pleasure12Julie is one of those women who always the latest fashion.Aput

8、 up withBkeep up withCcome up withDget on with13It is widely acknowledged that students should be _ in terms of overall quality.AsupportedBmatchedCevaluatedDcontrolled14_ the player I came across in the stadium spoke, I hadnt realized she was foreign.AUntilBUnlessCSinceDAlthough15The problem with th

9、e current system allows anyone to commit a similar crime without . It needs to be fixed.Abeing punished BpunishedCto punish Dpunishing16_ in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Palace Museum.AAnythingBNothingCEverythingDSomething17Would you mind giving your advice on how to impro

10、ve our business management?If you make _ most of the equipment, there will be _ rise in production.Athe; aB/; /C/; aDthe; /18Newly released data point to an increase in technology use among children some worry is changing the very nature of childhood.AwhyBwhichCwhoDwhere19 the key to the car when my

11、 boss came towards me.Finally I could drive him home as usual.ANever had I found BSeldom did I findCHardly had I found DNo sooner did I find20We are committed to creating a world free from the homeless and the hopeless, a world _ each and every corner is a true paradise.AthatBwhichCof whichDfrom whe

12、re第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6分）Alex Elman runs a big business something difficult to imagine after she lost her sight in her twenties. But Elman says that losing her sight helped her focus on finding success.Elmans father planted a hillside vineyard in western Massachusetts

13、 in 1981. Its where Elman fled during the darkest period of her life. When she was 27 years old, she went blind due to complications from juvenile diabetes (糖尿病) 17 years ago. She recalled, “I hid in my home. I hid in the place. For me, that was the safest place in the world.”Elman is now the founde

14、r of Alex Elman Wines, a growing portfolio (系列产品) of organic wines from all around the world: Chianti from Italy, Torrontes from Argentina. Elman doesnt work alone. Her assistant, a guide dog named Hanley, is something of a wine snob, and quite a beggar. Hanley travels to all of the wineries that El

15、man does, from South America to Europe.At first, Elman resisted the idea of a guide-dog. Now its hard to imagine her life, or her business, without him. She said. “When someone tells me something is organic and I dont really believe it because I taste something funny on it, Ill put it in front of hi

16、s face and if he likes the wine, hell go to sniff it. If its not right, hell turn his head away. He gets in the dirt with me. He scratches around. He makes sure that we see earthworms and butterflies. Thats how we know that the soil is actually organic, and that there are no chemicals.”Elman told CB

17、S News she believes the loss of her vision was a gift. She said, “It allowed me to pay attention to what I thought was important and also to be able to teach people that the broken hang nail is not a big deal, you know what I mean? Dont sweat the small stuff. Dont sweat the big stuff either.”1、Elman

18、 hid herself in her fathers vineyard probably because she _.Asuffered from juvenile diabetesBwas extremely painful for her blindnessCwould like to help her father with the workDexpected to recover her sight sooner or later2、The underlined phrase “the broken hang nail” (in Paragraph 5) probably refer

19、s to _.Aa nail which is of no useBa disadvantage you have in your lifeCa person who is hard to deal withDa task that is not easy to accomplish3、This passage is mainly to tell us that _.AAlex Elman leads a miserable lifeBHanley brings Alex Elman much funCAlex Elman gets along well with her petDa blin

20、d woman tastes success in wine business22（8分） Researchers at the University of York in England published their findings on facial recognition that, on average, people can remember as many as 5,000 faces.There have been many studies recently on facial recognition technology. But the authors of this s

21、tudy say theirs is the first time that scientists have been able to put a number to the abilities of humans to recognize faces. Rob Jenkins, leader of the research, said the researchers study centered on “the number of faces people actually know.” and were not able to discover whether there is a “li

22、mit on how many faces the brain can handle.”Jenkins said the ability to tell individual people apart is “clearly important.” In todays modern world of big cities, we meet and deal with thousands of people. The study suggests our facial recognition abilities help us to deal with the many different fa

23、ces we see on the screens, as well as those we know. The results of the study give a baseline for comparing the “facial vocabulary” of humans with facial recognition software.Today, facial recognition technology is used in many ways, including by law enforcement agencies to prevent crime and violenc

24、e. Governments use it to keep secret areas secure and, in extreme cases, control populations. Some governments use the software to watch people and find out where they go and what they do. Even Facebook uses facial recognition. For example, when you name a friend, Facebook technology may recognize t

25、he persons face from a different picture you had shared before.For the human study, people spent one hour writing down as many faces from their personal lives as possible. At first, they found it easy to come up with many faces. But by the end of the hour, they found it harder to think of new ones.

26、Their change in speed let the researchers estimate when they would have run out of faces completely. 1,000 to 10,000 faces remembered. People who took part in the study were also shown thousands of photographs of famous people. Researchers asked them which ones they recognized. To make sure they kne

27、w these people, researchers required them to recognize two different photos of each famous person. The results showed that the participants knew between 1,000 and 10,000 faces.How do they explain such a wide range? Jenkins said one explanation may be that some people have a natural ability for remem

28、bering faces. “There are differences in how much attention people pay to faces and how well they process the information.” Also it could be because of different social environments. Some people may have grown up in more populated places. So, they may have had more social contact throughout their liv

29、es.Researchers think age may be an interesting area for further research. “It would be interesting to see whether there is a peak age for the number of faces we know”, Jenkins said. He said it is possible that we gather more faces throughout our lifetime. But, he added, there also may be an age at w

30、hich we start to find it harder to remember all of those faces.1、What can we learn from the research?APeople can remember up to 5,000 faces averagely.BPeople can write down up to 10,000 faces quickly.CThere is a limit to the number of faces a person can remember.DThere is a peak age for the number o

31、f faces a person can remember.2、The scientists carried out the research aiming to _.Abe the first to number the faces people can rememberBhelp people recognize many different facesCimprove peoples facial vocabularyDdevelop facial recognition software3、Facial recognition technology is used by governm

32、ents to _.Apredict and prevent crimeBtrack and monitor peopleCname a friend on FacebookDcontrol populations in secret areas4、In Jenkins opinion, what may contribute to peoples different facial vocabulary?AGrowing conditions.BNatural environment.CPersonal experience.DInformation technology.23（8分）Imag

33、ine having an idea, drawing it on paper, bring it to a store and seeing it turned into an object. This is new possible with the help of 3D printers. Such machines were once used just by universities and big companies, but now, stores with 3D printing services are appearing around the United States.B

34、ryan Jaycox and his wife opened The Build Shop LLC in Los Angeles two years ago. The Jaycoxs offer 3D printing classes and services for anyone who is interested. “I think 3D printing is going to be huge. Its going to have a huge influence on society as a whole.” says KiChong Tran, one of the student

35、s in a recent class. He plans to open a 3D printing business in Cambodia.3D printing services are coming into American peoples life. The UPS Store is a nationwide retailer that provides copying and other services. The UPS Store recently put 3D printers in three of its independently-owned stores. Bur

36、ke Jones owns one of the stores in San Diego. “The demand has been amazing. There has been a lot of interest from people. Its been much more than I would have imagined.” The UPS Store plans to add 3D printers in three more stores.At the UPS Store, the cost of the object depends partly on the amount

37、of materials used. The store also changes up to $95 an hour to design the object with computer software that creates a digital file to guide the printer. Mr Jaycox thinks that within five years, 3D printing technology could become more consumer-friendly. But KiChong Tran says even todays technology

38、can make a difference in a developing country like Cambodia. “With 3D printing you can give them tools, so they are responsible more for their own development and they learn skills beyond just like learning English and becoming a tour guide or something like that. You can actually create things that

39、 give value to the world.” He says its not just Cambodia but anywhere where there is a 3D printer, it can turn a good idea into reality.1、What do we know about the UPS Store according to the text?AIt will add 3D printers in 3 more stores to meet peoples demand.BIt provides various services around th

40、e world.CIt charges customers for the time to design the object only.DIt offers 3D printing classes and services.2、Which of the following statement is TRUE according to the text?A3D printing is becoming popular in the world.BThere is no 3D printing business in Cambodia.CThe UPS Store is the biggest

41、3D printing company.D3D printing plays the most important role in daily life.3、The attitude of KIChong Tran towards the development of 3D printing technology is_.AuncertainBcriticalCobjectiveDpositive4、What is the best title for the text?A3D Printing HistoryB3D Printing Services in AmericaC3D Printi

42、ng TechnologyD3D Printing Development24（8分） If you buy a washing machine, a fridge or a television in Europe, it comes with a sticker. Thanks to a 1992 EU rule, all appliances must be labelled (贴标签) with their energy efficiency. So why has our food system-which threatens 10,000 species with extincti

43、on, produces about 30% of greenhouse gases, and drives 800/o of our air pollution-only ever had voluntary eco-labels?The appliances ruling had a huge impact; initially, 75% of fridges and freezers were rated G to D(low efficiency) , but today 98% are classed A+ or A+. Worldwide, the energy efficienc

44、y of labelled appliances has increased three times faster than appliances without labels. Introducing an equal system for food could have an even bigger impact.Mandatory environmental labels would change how we produce and consume in far-reaching ways. First, producers would have to measure their im

45、pacts in a uniform way and be accountable for the results. This would not be expensive: it is free to monitor environmental impacts using digital tools such as Field print and the Cool Farm Tool. Second, they support sustainable consumption. Our research found that products that look, taste and cost

46、 the same can have dramatically different environmental impacts. High-impact beef producers use 5,7000% more land and create l,000% more greenhouse gases than low-impact producers. Labels would allow consumers to tell these products apart.They would highlight both high-and low-impact producers, in t

47、he same way, across multiple products. This would encourage more people to think about their choices by exposing them to the facts every time they are in the shops. We can also use labels to turn smaller consumer changes into large environmental benefits: because a small number of producers create a

48、 large share of the impact, simply avoiding high-impact producers can make a huge contribution to pollution reductions.1、Why does the author mention the appliances in Paragraph 1 ？ATo applaud the 1992 EU rule.BTo bring up the topic of labelling food.CTo point out the pollution they caused.DTo compar

49、e their energy consumption rates.2、What do the figures in Paragraph 2 show?AThe importance of saving energy.BThe debate about eco-labelled appliances.CThe effectiveness of the appliances ruling.DThe problem caused by appliances of low efficiency.3、What does the word “Mandatory” in Paragraph 3 mean?A

50、Compulsory.BEffective.CDifferent.DIndependent.4、What can be learned about eco-labels?AThey will increase the profits of low-impact producers.BThey can show producers environmental impacts.CThey will guide consumers to buy healthier food.DThey can expose consumers to more products25（10分）For years, my

51、 time spent in the shower could have got me a mention in Guinness World Records as the shortest time taken to bathe. I hurried up during this process.One day, however, while at a party, I heard an artist friend telling everybody that his idea came while he was having a shower. “What about you?” he a

52、sked, “Dont you get your creative thoughts from the same place?”“Im in and out in a hurry,” I told him proudly. “I have no time to waste!”“What a pity,” he said. “Thats the place where you need to slow down; plenty of great thoughts come from there!” I tried it out. I slowed down the whole process,

53、started enjoying the warm water, taking a little longer to soap myself and even spending more time just enjoying the process, and realized how much I had missed in hurrying up all these years.A woman told me how much stress her friend was suffering from and how she sought to convince her that she ne

54、eded to find ways to relax. She gave her a videotape on stress management and relaxation techniques, and encouraged her to watch it right away. Fifteen minutes later, her friend handed back the tape. “It was good,” she said, but I dont need it.”“But its a 70 - minute video,” the woman replied, “You

55、couldnt have watched the whole thing.”“Yes, I did,” her friend said. “I put it in fast - forward!”A major social problem of the 21st century is Hurry Sickness. We hurry through work. We swallow fast food. We complain that we dont have enough time. We race through the days and weeks until one day we

56、look back in amazement and comment, “My god, how the years flew by!” Then we realize the heavy price we have paid for traveling fast.Symptoms of Hurry Sickness include stress and anxiety, bad relationships, lowered work performance and even disease. Some people dont survive it. Whats the cure? Slow

57、down, for life is so short and precious that we must live it well.1、What was the advantage of taking a shower in the eyes of the artist friend?ATime was saved. BNothing was missed.CGreat ideas flew away. DCreative thoughts came.2、What was the trouble with the womans friend?AShe felt stressed. BShe f

58、ound the tape useless.CShe found no way to relax. DShe watched the tape too fast.3、What are the major trouble people face in the 21st century in the writers eyes?APeople run fast to work. BEverything is done in a hurry.CPeople dont have enough time. DTime flies without being noticed.4、How can the pr

59、oblem be settled?ABy pacing down. BBy learning to survive.CBy developing friendship. DBy performing good work.第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项26（30分）ONCE again, I was in new school. 36 was a girl in my class named Paris. Thats where the similarities 37 .

60、I was tall and she was small. I was one of the 38 in the class while she was the youngest. I was awkward and shy. She wasnt. I couldnt stand her, considering her my 39 . 40 she wanted to be friends. One day, she invited me 41 and I said yes I was too shocked to say no42 no one had invited me over to