必修二unit2语法精编版课件

1、GrammarThe Passive VoiceA. 主动语态表示主语是动作的 _。B. 被动语态表示主语是动作的 _。We planted the tree.The tree was planted by us.执行者承受者(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。e.g. Some new computers were stolen last night. This book was published in 1981.(2) 强调动作的承受者, 而不强调动作的执行者。e.g. The window was broken by Mike. This book was written by

2、 him.We speak English.主语谓语宾语English is spoken by us.1. People use a knife for cutting things.A knife _ _ for cutting things.2. The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a month.The windows of their classroom _ _ twice a month. is usedare cleanedEXERCISE3. Beijing held the 29th Olympic

3、Games in 2008.The 29th Olympic Games _ in Beijing in 2008.4.The government built many new buildings, stadiums and roads. Many new buildings, stadiums and roads _ by the government.were builtwere heldChange the following sentences into the Passive Voice 1.They make TV sets in that factory .2.Northwes

4、t China grows the best cotton .3.They use this room for playing Ping pong .4.Bell invented the telephone in 1876. TV sets are made in that factory The best cotton is grown in Northwest China .This room is used for playing Ping pongThe telephone was invented by Bell in 1876.5.The manager made them wo

5、rk 10 hours a day .They were made to work 10 hours a day.They will finish the work soon.The work will be finished (by them) soon.My father will not punish me for my mistake. I will / shall not be punished by my father for my mistake. Nobody _ (allow) to enter the stadium without a ticket.2. Children

6、 _ (not allow) to make a noise and upset the competitors. If they do, they _ (take away) from the stadium. Rules for the audience will be allowedwont be allowedwill be taken away3. No animals _ (allow) in the stadium.4. Cheating by athletes _ _ (not excuse). They _ (tell) to leave and _ (punish).5.

7、No smoking _ (allow), if you are discovered, you _ (fine).will be allowedwill not bewill be toldexcusedwill be punishedwill be allowedwill be finedThe problem isnt going to be discussedat the meeting tomorrow.-Are these trees going to be cut down?-Yes, they are.The sports meet is not to be held on A

8、pril10th. -Are new textbooks to be published next week?-No, they arent. 1. The work _ soon.A. will be finished B. has been finished C. will finish D. finishes 2. I _ if I finish the work within one day.shall be praisedB. would praise C. will praise D. praiseEXERCISE3. These films _ until tomorrow mo

9、rning.cant develop B. arent developingC. wont be developedD. wont develop4. All those old buildings _ down tomorrow. A. will be knocked B. will knock C. will have knocked D. knock5 . A party is going to _ tonight. Would you like to go with me? Id like to, but I have to look after my sick mother. A.

10、organize B. have been organized C. be organizing D. be organized 6.No decision _ about any future appointment until all the candidates have been interviewed. (2008北京) A. will be made B. is made C. is being made D. has been made 7. In the near future, more advances in the robot technology _ by scient

11、ists. (2011湖南) A. are making B. are made C. will make D. will be madeTranslation.他一到达这个城市就会被认出。He will be recognized as soon as he arrives at this city.这部新电影将在下周四上映。The new film will be shown next Thursday.我们不会受到邀请。We will not be invited.2020年奥运会将在日本的东京举行。The 2020 Olympic Games will be held in Tokyo

12、, Japan.The Present Perfect Passive Voice现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时have/has + 过去分词现在完成时的被动语态have/has +been + 过去分词1. In the last few years thousands of films _ all over the world. (天津2011)A. have produced B. have been produced C. are producing D. are being produced从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。2. Every year a fl

13、ood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money-making jobs they _ before leaving their hometowns. (福建2010) promised B. were promised C. have promised D. have been promised3. His sister left home in 1998, and _ since. (2009全国卷I)A. had not been heard of B. has not been heard ofC. had not heard of D.

14、has not heard of4. I like these English songs and they _ many times on the radio. (安徽2008)A. taught B. have taught C. are taught D. have been taught5. Though we dont know what was discussed, yet we can feel the topic _. (陕西2008) A. had changed B. will change C. was changed D. has been changed6. I go

15、t caught in the rain and my suit _. (北京2007) has ruined B. had ruined C. has been ruined D. had been ruined7. Experiments of this kind _ in both the U.S. and Europe well before the Second World War. (北京2011) have conducted B. have been conducted C. had conducted D. had been conducted1. They have fin

16、ished the construction of the new railway lines by now.The construction of the new railway lines has been finished by them by now. 2. China has sent up man made satellites into space.Man made satellites have been sent up into space .EXERCISEChange the following sentences into the Passive Voice 3. We

17、 have built a new library and a gymnasium in our school this year.A new library and a gymnasium have been built in our school this year by us.4. The car factory has produced a great many fine cars since the technological revolution.A great many fine cars have been produced by the car factory since t

18、he technological revolution.5. They have made a plan to help the poor children in the poor area.A plan has been made by them to help the poor children in the poor area.6. The government has spent a lot of money on the Hope Project.A lot of money has been spent on the Hope Project by the government.

19、主语 + am/is/are + being + 过去分词现在进行时的被动语态结构用法表示说话人说话时或现阶段正在进行的动作，经常和时间副词now (现在), right now (现在, 此刻), at present (现在,目前), at this moment (此刻)连用。1）表示说话时正在进行的一个动作，主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系,强调主语是动作的承受者。e.g. Our English is being taught by Miss Wang now. 意义瞧！那个婴儿正由他的姑姑照料着。Look! The baby by her aunt.is being taken car

20、e of2) 表示这一段时间正在进行的一个被动的动作。Many speeches are being held these days.新的功能目前正在添加到相机上。 New functions the camera at present.are being added to3) 表示按计划或安排将要进行的一个被动动作今晚将要进行一场圣诞晚会。A party tonight.is being held从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1. It is reported that many a new house _ at present in the disaster a

21、rea. (陕西2010)A. are being built B. were being built C. was being built D. is being built2. Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting _ at the culture show of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo. (天津2010) are exhibiting B. is exhibiting C. are being exhibited D. is being exhibited3. Hi, Terry, can

22、 I use your computer for a while this afternoon? Sorry. _. (江苏2009)A. Its repaired B. It has been repaired C. Its being repairedD. It had been repaired4. Would you please keep silent? The weather report _ and I want to listen. (湖南2009) is broadcast B. is being broadcast C. has been broadcast D. had

23、been broadcast5. Why dont we choose that road to save time?The bridge to it _. (四川2009)A. has repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. will be repaired6. Whats that noise?Oh, I forgot to tell you. The new machine _. (浙江2008)A. was tested B. will be tested C. is being tested D. has been tested

24、I. 用所给词的适当形式填空。1. A: Where is Kate? B: She _ (criticize) by the teacher in the office. 2. A: Where are the children? B: They _ (take care of) by their aunt. is being criticizedare being taken care of3. A: What is happening over there? B: A party _ (hold). is being held4. -Why it is so noisy out ther

25、e? -Oh, its because the road .(repair)is being repairedII. 用被动语态改写下列句子。1. They are studying the milu deer at the research centre.The milu deer is / are being studied at the research centre.2. She is teaching the boy a lesson.The boy is being taught a lesson.3. Now he is making the girl laugh.4. They

26、 are revising the laws to protect the rights of women and children.Now the girl is being made to laugh.The laws are being revised to protect the rights of women and children.7. You should water trees often .8.You must not plant trees in very dry earth .Trees should be watered often .Trees must not b

27、e planted in very dry earth .一般现在时：amisarep.p. (done)一般过去时：一般将来时：过去将来时:现在进行时:过去进行时：现在完成时：过去完成时：被动语态的构成waswerep.p. (done)willshallbep.p. (done)am/is/are going to be + p.p. (done)would be+p.p.(done)am/is/arebeing+p.p.(done)was / werebeing + p.p. (done)have/hasbeen+p.p. (done)had been + p.p. (done)在什么情

28、况下不能使用被动语态呢？1.表示状态的动词，如have，cost，fit，last， own，hold，become等往往不能用于被动语态。例如： The shirt fits him very well He is fitted very well by the shirt 【正】【误】2.祈使句一般没有被动语态。例如： Look at the blackboard，please The blackboard is looked at by you 【正】【误】3.某些及物动词的宾语表示处所、地点、组织时不能用于被动语态。例如： He joined the League in 1998 Th

29、e League was joined by him in 1998 【正】【误】4.反身代词在句中作宾语时，不能用被动语态。例如： You must look after yourself Yourself must be looked after. 【正】【误】5.不及物动词没有被动语态happen发生；rise升起；fall 落下；fail失败；occur发生；exist 存在；remain仍然，保持； appear 出现；disappear消失；last持续；6.系动词没有被动语态taste尝起来； sound 听起来；feel 摸起来；smell 闻起来；look看起来；7.不及物动

30、词短语没有被动语态belong to属于；take place发生，举行；come about 产生，发生；break out爆发；date back to追溯到；date from 追溯到；come to an end 结束；run out 用完，耗尽；come into being 形成，产生；refer to提到，说到come to life苏醒过来；consist of由组成catch fire着火；主动表示被动的若干情况1. 当open, close, shut, lock, move等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时，通常用主动形式表示被动意义： The door wont s

31、hut. 这门关不上。 The supermarket doors shut automatically. 超市的门是自动关的。该用法的不及物动词通常与cant, wont 等连用，注意它与用被动语态含义不同：The window wont shut. 这窗户关不上。 (说明主语的属性窗户有问题了) The window wont be shut. 这窗户将不用关上。 (窗户本身没问题，只是不用关)2.当read, wash, clean, cook, cut, wear, carry等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时，通常要用主动形式表示被动意义：The cloth washes well. 这种布料好洗。 The book sells quickly. 这书销售得快。 This shirt will wear very long. 这衬衫可以穿很久。3. 某些表示开始和结束的动词(begin, start, finish, end等)，当主语为事物且不强调动作的执行者时，可用主动形式表示被动意义：When does the concert begin? The play ended at ten oclock. 4.不定式to blame, to