专八翻译汉译英常用技巧解读

1、专八翻译汉译英常用技巧解读Contents 二、句子翻译1. 确定主干2. 语序调整3. 正反转换4. 语态对译5. 长句的翻译一、词的翻译1. 词义选择2. 词类转换3. 词的增补4. 词的省略5. 词的替代一、词的翻译1. 词义选择1在得病以前，我受父母宠爱，在家中横行霸道。Before I fell ill, I had been the bully under our roofs owing to my doting parents.横行霸道: 为所欲为，想干什么就干什么Get everything my own wayGet all things my own wayBe bully

2、2钓鱼可分为三个阶段。There are three states for fishing.“三个阶段 在这里指钓鱼的三种境界，因此不译为 three stages。3他是个墙头草，谁硬就跟谁。He always sits on the fence and falls on the side of the stronger.2. 词类转换1吃头两个主菜时，也是赞不绝口。You will be full of praise while eating the first two main courses.2这样，每个地方都有自己的传说，风俗也就衍传了下来。Thus, every place, wi

3、th its own legends and folktales, has its traditions and customs passed on from generation to generation.3所以人们对于大自然，全都一致并深深地依赖着。Therefore, everyone has become unanimously and profoundly dependent on Nature.4大自然对人的恩赐，无论贫富，一律平等。People, poor or rich, are equally favored by Nature. 3. 词的增补1有水有鱼的地方大都是有好环

4、境的，好环境便会给人好心情。A place with water and fish is necessarily blessed with a nice setting, which in return keeps people in good mood.2黄鼠狼给鸡拜年。The weasel goes to pay respects to the hennot with the best of intentions.4. 词的省略1种植庄稼和葡萄，酿酒和饮酒，喂牛和挤奶，锄草和栽花Planting crops and grapes, brewing and drinking wines, r

5、aising and milking cows, weeding the garden and planting flowers2用点画成线，用线画成平面，用平面画成立体。With points you can make a line; with lines, planes; with planes, solids.3于是转怒为喜，转赞美为责备挑剔，转首肯为摇头。Then happiness turns to anger, praise to scolding and nit-picking, and head-nodding to head-shaking.5. 词的替代1狡猾的人轻视学问；

6、愚昧的人羡慕学问；聪明的人利用学问。Crafty men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them.2自周秦以来，中国是一个封建社会，其政治是封建的政治，其经济是封建的经济。From the Zhou and Qin Dynasties onwards, Chinese society was feudal, as were its politics and economy.3得罪了你就得罪了你。If you were offended, so be it.二、句子翻译1. 确定主干汉语句子的主干：主语谓语1.

7、1 确定主语1这个地区雨水较多。A: It rains a lot in this area.B: This area sees/witnesses much rain.C: There is much rain in this area.D: There are plenty of rainfalls in 2信不信是你自己的事。It is your concern/business whether you believe me or not.3最好是等他们回来。It may be advisable to wait till they come back.Wed better wait t

8、ill they come back.Youd better4勤能补拙。It is diligence that makes for deficiency.1.2 确定谓语1在人际关系上我们不要太浪漫主义。We shouldnt be too romantic about human relationships.2当他活着一天，总要尽量多工作、多学习，不肯虚度年华，不让时间白白地浪费掉。As long as they are alive, they always work and study as hard as possible, unwilling to dream their life

9、away, let alone waste even a single moment of their lives.2. 语序调整1钓鱼是一项能够陶冶性情的运动，有益于身心安康。Fishing is an outdoor sport that can help cultivate your mind and it is good for our mental and physical health.2我在山坡的小屋里，悄悄掀起窗帘，窥见园中大千世界，一片喧闹。Without being noticed, I lifted the curtain in my small room, only t

10、o spy the bustle of a kaleidoscopic world down in the garden.Hustle and bustle 喧闹；喧嚣3一霎时，一阵被人摒弃，为世所遗忘的悲愤兜上心头，禁不住痛哭起来。In no time, I was thrown into a feeling of sorrowful anger at being forgotten and abandoned by the rest of the world and could not help crying my heart out.3. 正反转换1他光着脚进了屋子。He entered

11、 the room with no shoes on.2那个房间的窗户总是关着。The windows of that room were never open.3学习外语离不开好的词典。A good dictionary is indispensable for learning a foreign language.4她忍住了没有笑出声。She refrained from laughing.5我不能忍受你的脾气。Your temper is more than I can bear.我突然想到了一个好主意。Suddenly I came up with a good idea.I hit

12、 upon a good idea.A good idea occurred to me.A good idea struck me.4. 语态对译1考试后三日出榜。The list of successful examinees will be published three days after the exam.2无可否认，他是对的。It cannot be denied that he is right.5. 长句的翻译汉语：分析性为主，句子构造较松散。英语：综合性为主，句子构造比较严谨。常见汉译英技巧：1原序对译顺译法2分句合译3断句分译1一旦隔离，拘禁在花园山坡上一幢小房子里，顿感

13、被打入冷宫，十分郁郁不得志起来。Once I was deposed into a cold palace on the hillside of the garden, I suddenly felt I was neglected and became very depressed.2他们其中有一半是近5年才来到温哥华地区的，使温哥华成为亚洲以外最大的中国人聚居地。 Half of them have come to settle in Vancouver over the past five years only, rendering/making Vancouver the larges

14、t area outside Asia where the Chinese inhabit.3一个人的生命终究有多大意义，这有什么标准可以衡量吗？误译1：Is there a criteria to measure how meaningful ones life is.误译2： Are there any criterion to measure the meaning of ones life?误译3： Are there any standard to measure the significance of ones life?Ref: What is the significance

15、of life? Is there any criterion for its measurement?4一个春天的黄昏，园中百花怒放，父母在园中设宴，一时宾客云集，笑语四溢。译文1：On a spring evening in the garden, flowers bloomed merrily, parents arranged a dinner, guests came together and bursts of laughter soared above.译文2：One spring evening, my parents held a banquet in the garden where all sorts of flowers were in full bloom. Instantly, a crowd of guests gathered together and their laughter was heard all over there.5中国民族自古以来从不把人看作高于一切，在哲学文艺方面的表现都反映出人在自然界中与万物占着一个比例较为恰当的地位，而非绝对统治万物的主宰。Chinese people has never thought of / regarded hu