2022-2023学年上海市大同中学高三第一次调研测试英语试卷含解析

1、2022-2023学年高考英语模拟试卷注意事项1考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回2答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用05毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡的规定位置3请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、准考证号与本人是否相符4作答选择题，必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑；如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案作答非选择题，必须用05毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效5如需作图，须用2B铅笔绘、写清楚，线条、符号等须加黑、加粗第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1Dont be so discour

2、aged. If you _such feelings, you will do better next time.Acarry on Bget back Cbreak down Dput away2What a mess! Youre always throwing things about.Dont be _, Mum. I will tidy it up now.Ahot under the collar Bon cloud nineCoff the top of your head Ddown in the dumps3- Ann, our department may be name

3、d the Department of the Year because of the outstanding performance.- _.A Good to know B Ill sayC I hear you on that one D Cant argue with that4They carry out _ checks on milk products to make sure that they are of high quality.Acommon BnaturalCordinary Dregular5Dont leave the water _while you brush

4、 your teeth.Aracing BrushingCrunning Drolling6Hes quite _, but I cant imagine him as president of such a large listed company.Aenthusiastic BgenerousCcompetent Dsympathetic7They dont feel safe in our town at night because it so dangerous. Theres a robbery every week now.AbecomesBbecameChas becomeDha

5、d become8My friend warned me _ going to the East Coast because it was crowded with tourists.AbyBagainstConDfor9He messed the project up, but he behaved as if nothing _.Ahad happenedBhappenedCwould happenDwould have happened10It is one thing to enjoy listening to good music, but it is quite _ to perf

6、orm skillfully yourself.AanotherBotherCthe otherDothers11-Hi, Betty, are you free at present? I have to ask you for a favor-_With pleasureASorry, I am busyBGo aheadCHelp yourselfDAsk, please12 Dont put the waste on the ground, young man. Oh, Im sorry. I _ the dustbin there. Ahadnt seen Bhavent seen

7、Cdidnt see Dwasnt seeing13Scientists have introduced a new model of 3D printer, _ differs from the existing ones in certain aspects.AasBwhichCwhoDthat14The expert points out the phenomenon that cream goes bad faster than butter_ its structure rather than its chemical composition.Alives up toBgets do

8、wn toCcomes down toDstands up to15Wed better take umbrellasIm sure it _ when we arrive in London; its always wet there at this time of year.Awill rainBis rainingCwill be rainingDwould rain16That student admitted in the math exam, that he would never do that again in the future.Ato have cheated, prom

9、isingBcheating, promisedCto cheating, promisedDhaving cheated, promising17If an entire country gets richer at the same time, individuals wouldnt _ feel wealthier, since their relative positions in society havent changed.AnecessarilyBinitiallyCtypically Dsustainably18Ann said whenever her father was

10、unhappy he _ go out and buy something, usually something large and useless.AshouldBcouldCwouldDmight19Raising the incomes of the poor is likely to be ineffective in a wealthy society, _ accompanied by other measures.AonceBwhenCifDunless20The auto factory _ new profit records through technical innova

11、tion 10% growth rate in the last two years and hopefully 15% this year.Aset Bhas setCis setting Dhas been setting第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6分）People and animals often enjoy loving relationships with each other. When people adopt domesticated(家养的) animals into their families

12、 as pets, animals give humans the blessings of companionship and fun in return. In the wild, animals sometimes carry out dramatic rescues of people in dangerous situations, miraculously(奇迹般地) sensing human needs and jumping in without fear to help.In 2000, a 6-year-old boy named Elian Conzalez left

13、Cuba on a boat bound for Florida in the United States, but the boat sank and everyone aboard drowned except for Elian and two adults. Elian and the other two survivors held onto inner tuber for 48 hours to try to stay afloat in the sea. After a while, however, Elian began to lose strength, slipping

14、under the water and then grabbing the tube again as he fought to stay alive.A small group of dolphins noticed Elian struggling and swan over to him to help. The dolphins formed a circle around the inner tube and took turns using their noses to lift Elian until fishermen working in the area discovere

15、d and rescued Elian and the two adults who floated nearby. The fishermen reported that, when they discovered Elian, he was repeating a prayer that his mother had taught him before drowning, asking guardian angels to protect him.Miraculously, the dolphins knew that a child would need more help than a

16、dults, so they focused on Elian and they figured out exactly what needed to be done and cooperated carry out that plan successfully. They made it!1、Why did Elian slip off the tube?AHe was tired out.BThe dolphins helped him.CThe two adults pushed him.DThe tube was too smooth to grab.2、How did the dol

17、phins save Elian Conzalez?AThey informed the fishermen.BThey formed a circle around him.CThey supported the inner tube by turns.DThey stopped Elian slipping under the water.3、Which of the following words can be used to describe Elian Gonzalez?AConfident and strong.BDetermined and lucky.CFriendly and

18、 optimistic.DAdaptable and aggressive.4、Which could be the best title?APrayer Doing WonderBElians Narrow EscapeCThe Dolphins Who Rescued ElianDAnimals: Human Beings Angels22（8分）Intelligent people are more likely to trust others,while those who score lower on measures of intelligence are less likely

19、to do so.Oxford University researchers based their finding on an analysis of the General Social Survey.The authors say one explanation could be that more intelligent individuals are better at judging characters and may spend more time building relationships with people they can trust.Another reason

20、could be that smarter people are better at weighing up situations and assessing whether or not the other person will hold up his or her end of a bargain.“Intelligence is shown to be linked with trusting others.”said the studys lead author,Noah Carl of Oxford University,“This finding supports what ot

21、her researchers have argued,namely that being a good judge of character is a distinct part of human intelligence.”In addition,the study shows that individuals who are more trusting are also happier with their lives and had higher levels of physical health.The Oxford researchers found,however,that th

22、e links between trust and health,and between trust and happiness,are not explained by intelligence.The findings confirmed that trust is a valuable resource for an individual,and is not simply a measure of intelligence.The authors say the research is significant because the study of social trust coul

23、d have far-reaching implications in public welfare,as social trust contributes to the success of important social institutions,such as welfare systems and financial markets.According to Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development,trust is in increasingly short supply in current generation

24、.This decline threatens world leaders ability to handle some of todays key challenges like global warming,and the political system.There are good reasons to think that governments should try to develop more trust in society.Distrust usually causes friction in personal relationships,careers and polit

25、ics among others,says Stephen Covey. Although majority of people say that trust can never be restored once its broken,Stephen feels it can be brought back. Its not easy,it takes time,but you do it through your behavior,not just things you say.1、It can be concluded from the analysis of the General So

26、cial Survey that .Aintelligent people tend to show more trust in othersBjudgment of characters determines the level of intelligenceCintelligence accounts for the connection between trust and healthDintelligent individuals spend less time on interpersonal relationship2、What does the underlined phrase

27、 in paragraph 2 probably mean?AMake the best of a situation. BStick to ones promise as agreed.CFigure out the true value of a bargain. DMake an assessment of a deal.3、According to the research,higher level of social trust is .Aa decisive basis for stable political systemBa basic step to deal with gl

28、obal warmingCa contributing factor to successful public institutionsDa complete solution to interpersonal conflicts4、When it comes to rebuilding trust,Stephen is most likely to agree that .Aactions always speak louder than wordsBbehavior is a mirror in which everyone shows his imageCbehavior is larg

29、ely determined by mindDaction is the proper fruit of knowledge23（8分）The pills we take to treat anxiety may affect the behavior of fish, new research in the journal Science suggests.Swedish researchers found a common drug in rivers downstream of wastewater treatment plants. It is a drug for treating

30、anxiety, called oxazepam. It is accumulating in fish and makes them bolder. Wastewater treatment plants are not designed to get rid of drugs. As a result, the drugs end up in wildlife, reaching harmful levels.“Its something we dont think about very often, but there are a lot of similarities between

31、fish and humans. So some of our responses to drugs can be seen in fish as well,” said Karen Kidd. She is a biologist at the University of New Brunswick, Canada. The mood-altering drugs get into waterways when people taking the prescriptions throw unused pills into the waste stream.The researchers le

32、t perch（鲈鱼）swim in lab tanks with concentrations similar to those found downstream from wastewater treatment plants. “The perch preferred to swim alone rather than in large groups. They were more likely to explore their environment,” said Micael Jonsson of Ume University in Sweden, who helped lead t

33、he research.Jonsson said, “This adventurous behavior required more energy. And they ate more plankton（浮游生物）, or tiny algae-eating animals, to guarantee enough energy for their activities. This could reduce the population of plankton.” The result could be more algae(水藻). On the other hand, the new be

34、havior could lead to the opposite effect. If perch make themselves closer to their natural enemies, they are likely to be eaten by them.None of the scientists is suggesting that people should give up these drugs. They just want to reduce the effects of the medicines on the environment. They recommen

35、d wastewater treatment plants should be redesigned to get rid of these medicines. But Kidd said that would be too expensive for some communities.Bryan Brooks, director of the Environmental Health Science Program at Baylor University, said drugs could also be designed to break down more quickly in th

36、e environment. And the government could continue to run recycling programs where people drop off their unused drugs at government locations. Brooks said hes particularly concerned about drug effects on aquatic（水生的）environments, like the Trinity River south of Dallas and the South Platte River near D

37、enver, where the majority of the flow comes from treated wastewater. In the developing world, he said, the problem may be even worse, because of careless wastewater treatment and industrial regulations.1、Which of the following best describes oxazepams effect on fish?AIt causes fish to be more daring

38、. BIt makes fish much stronger.CIt has little influence on fish. DIt helps treat a fish disease.2、What will happen if perch become adventurous?AThey will eat more algae.BThere will be less plankton.CThey will need more oxazepam.DTheir natural enemies will be stronger.3、What would be the best title f

39、or the passage?AMore wastewater treatment plants are neededBFish in wastewater become more adventurousCDrugs for treating mental diseases end up in wildlifeDAnxiety drugs found in rivers change the behavior of fish24（8分）A few years ago, Darla Hoff painted a pumpkin face onto a round straw bale(捆)at

40、A1 and Karen Goldmans farm in Idaho Palls to advertise her U-pick pumpkin field. While Darla has stopped growing pumpkins, the annual tradition of straw bale art lives on at the farm and has drawn friends and neighbors to participate in it. Past creations have included an owl, Minions, tractors and

41、a teddy bear.To make the tractors, A1 baled round straw bales in two different sizes smaller ones for the tractors front tires and larger ones for the rear(尾部). Large square bales made up the bodies. Jerry Kienlen used his farming equipment to arrange the bales in the shape of two tractors. Then it

42、was time to bring the tractors to life. Karen and her daughter. Lana Hedrick, secured some green paint, and A1 got some red paint. Darlas husband, James, sprayed the creation with a paint gun. For the finishing touches, Steven donated two shiny exhaust stacks (排气管),and A1 and Karen donated two steer

43、ing wheels from their farm parts.The farms annual straw bale art projects have now become a way for everyone to celebrate the end of another growing season. Its just something fun to do together after harvest. This neighborhood has always been close. Generations of these families have grown crops in

44、 this soil. Raised on the farms where they live now, they grew up together as their elders did before. A1 and Karen are truly super neighbors. Every year they also grow about two acres of corn to give away. Anyone can pick some, or A1 and Karen will even deliver. And during long Idaho winters, every

45、one gathers at the farm to enjoy fresh coffee and cookies.This years straw hale creation theme is Straw Wars. And all eyes will be on A1 and Karens farm as their creation takes shape.1、Why did Darla paint a pumpkin face onto a straw bale?ATo recycle straw bales.BTo please his neighbors.CTo create a

46、new tradition.DTo make an advertisement.2、What does the underlined phrase “the creation in Paragraph 2 refer to?AThe straw bale tires.BThe square straw bales.CThe straw bale tractors.DThe farming equipment.3、What do local people think of the straw bale art show?AIt needs something fun.BIts a good wa

47、y to celebrate harvest.CIt makes A1 and Karen famous in the town.DIt stands for the beginning of a new season.4、What kind of neighbors are A1 and Karen according to Paragraph 3?AGenerous. BCreative.CFunny. DDetermined.文章内容To make the tractors, Al baled round straw bales in two different sizes- small

48、er ones for the tractors front tires and larger ones for the rear(尾部).得知他们都在制作25（10分） Live at Leeds Festival, United KingdomA weekend of Indie music taking over Leeds for one day in May, Metronomy, Sunara Karma and Tom Grennan will headline, but theres a focus on the citys newer bands, with the fest

49、ival aiming to bring new artists into the spotlight. Events take place across the city, with wristbands giving you access to all the places. And to go to this festival, you need to be over 14 years old.Time: 4 May, 2019Midnight Sun Film Festival, FinlandAlmost a hundred miles north of the Arctic Cir

50、cle, Sodankyla is where Finnish film-director brothers Aki and Mika Kaurismaki rock up every summer for their Midnight Sun Film Festival, a five-day-and-night celebration of new cinema. A mix of silent films, contemporary Finnish ones, recent festival hits and box-office classics are screened around

51、 the clock.Time: 12-16 June, 2019Fuji Rock Festival, JapanThe first ever Fuji Rock Festival was held at the bottom of Mount Fuji back in 1997 and has brought in music and rock fans from all over the world. The festival is now held in the Naeba Ski Resort and is celebrating its 20th anniversary this

52、year. The artists who perform arent all rockers. Your wristband has to be checked at the entrance. We offer facilities for children, but they cant be left unaccompanied.Time: 26-28 July, 2019The White Nights Festival, St. Petersburg, RussiaThe White Nights Festival is held at the citys famous Mariin

53、sky Theatre and shows some of the worlds best opera and ballet. Its the best time to visit St. Petersburg because its held during the magical summer period when theres almost 24 hours of sunlight a day.Time: 23 May-2 June, 20191、Which festival lasts the longest time?ALive at Leeds Festival.BMidnight

54、 Sun Film Festival.CFuji Rock Festival.DThe White Nights Festival.2、Where will you enjoy a 24-hour movie activity?AIn Leeds, United Kingdom.BIn Sodankyla, Finland.CIn the Naeba Ski Resort, Japan.DIn St. Petersburg, Russia.3、What do Live at Leeds Festival and Fuji Rock Festival have in common?AThey a

55、re of the same music style.BThey focus on new artists.CThey require entrance wristbands.DThey have age limits.第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项26（30分）Life StruggleOnce upon a time, there was a kind old man who loved everything. One day while walking throug

56、h the woods the 1 old man found a cocoon of a butterfly. He took it home. A few days later, a small 2 appeared. He sat and watched the butterfly for several hours as it 3 to force its body through that little hole. Then it seemed to stop 4 any progress. It appeared 5 it had gotten as far as it could

57、 and it could go no 6 . Then the man decided to 7 the butterfly, so he took a pair of scissors and 8 the remaining bit of the cocoon. The butterfly then appeared 9 .But it had a swollen body and small, 10 wings. The man continued to 11 the butterfly because he expected that, at any moment, the wings

58、 would enlarge an 12 to be able to support the body. 13 happened! In fact, the butterfly 14 the rest of its life crawling around with a swollen body and wrinkled wings. It never was 15 to fly.The man did not understand that the restricting 16 and the struggle required for the butterfly to 17 the tin

59、y opening were Natures way of forcing fluid from the body of the butterfly into its wings so that it would be 18 for flight from the cocoon. Sometimes struggles are exactly what we need in our 19 . If we were allowed to go through our life without any 20 , it would not be as strong as what we could

60、have been. And we could never fly.1、Anice Bcruel Cserious Dsmall2、Abutterfly Bopening Cbody Dworm3、Ahoped Bdecided Crefused Dstruggled4、Ataking Bowning Cmaking Dputting5、Aas if Beven if Conly if Dif only6、Alonger Bmore Cfarther Dless7、Abeat Bhelp Ckill Dthrow8、Acut across Bcut up Ccut down Dcut off9