2022-2023学年上海市五十四中高考考前提分英语仿真卷含解析

1、2022-2023学年高考英语模拟试卷考生须知：1全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，全部在答题纸上作答。选择题必须用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。2请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。3保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1What made them miss the deadline was not their lack of funding, but _ their lack of planning.AevenBstillCrath

2、erDever2This is the first time I _ my picture with my own hands.It is time that you _ a picture for me.Ahave taken; tookBtook; should takeCtook; will takeDwill take; have taken3-Nowadays, buyers accustomed to prices moving upward just adopt a wait-and-see attitude.-If they continue to _, then our co

3、mpany is closing down.Afish in the airBsit on the fenceCfly off the handleDbeat around the bush4More than one doctor _ involved in the rescue that took place after the earthquakeA was B is C were D are5Not until he left his home _ to know how important the family was for himAdid he begin Bhad he beg

4、un Che began Dhe had begun6Last week, only two people came to look at the house, _ wanted to buy it.Anone of themBboth of themCnone of whomDneither of whom7Keeping a regular sleep schedule is important for setting a babys body clock,_researchers note should be in place by about 4 months of age.Awhos

5、eBwhichCwhenDwhere8- Excuse me, where can I get my car filled up?- There are gas stations at_end of the blockAbothBneitherCeitherDall9The lecture about 3D technology was very interesting.Its a pity. How I wish I _ time to attend it.AhadBhaveChad hadDhave had10Thanks to her determination and persever

6、ance on the piano lesson, she has a _ grasp of the subject.AcomprehensiveBconfidentialCconservativeDcompulsory11Fortunately somebody who happened to be passing by called the emergency aid the traffic accident occurred.AhurriedlyBquicklyCimmediatelyDshortly12The education system in China is very diff

7、erent from _ in the USAAone BitCthose Dthat13_ individual players, we have a great team but the problem is that they dont play football together well at all.AOn top of BBy means ofCIn terms of DIn case of14Going to watch the Womens Volleyball Match on Wednesday?_! Will you go with me?AYou betBYou go

8、t meCYou thereDYou know better15The split between humans and living apes is thought by some scholars _ 15 to 20 million years ago.Ato occurBoccurringCto have occurredDhaving occurred16Most spending that results in debt is like a drug: a quick hit of pleasure that _, only to drag you down for years t

9、o come.Atakes offBwears offCsets offDshows off17When I got to his house, I found that the walls _ .Aare being painted Bare paintingCwere being painted Dwere painting18The car accident happened _ his car was out of order _ I cant drive.Anot that; but thatBnot only; but alsoCnot because; but becauseDn

10、ot because; but as19The meal itself was not so good_ was boringly brown including vegetables.Anothing BeverythingCanything Dsomething20- Did Jim come?- I dont know. He _ while I was out.Amight have comeBmight comeCmust have comeDshould have come第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6分）

11、Weve all been there: Youre at a dull work meeting or presentation, and your mind keeps wandering to what to eat for lunch, your weekend plans, or whats going on with the new season of Stranger Things.Dont feel so bad about all your daydreaming. Mind-wandering may be a sign of intelligence and creati

12、vity, according to a new study in the journal Neuropsychologia. And as long as your performance at work doesnt suffer when your mind drifts, daydreaming may not be such a bad thing after all, the study authors say.Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology wanted to study what happens to peoples

13、 brain patterns when theyre told to lie still and do nothinga prime opportunity for mind-wandering. So they asked 112 study participants to do just that: lie in an MRI machine while staring at a fixed point for five minutes.The research team used those readings to identify which parts of the brain w

14、orked together during this type of awake but resting state, and they also compared the readings to tests the participants took to measure their creative and intellectual abilities. In addition, the participants filled out a questionnaire about how much their mind wandered in daily life.The researche

15、rs made several interesting connections. People who reported more frequent daydreaming during the day scored higher on creative and intellectual tests. Their MRIs also showed they had more efficient brain systems-meaning different regions of the brain were more in pace with each othercompared to peo

16、ple who reported less frequent mind-wandering.The finding that mind-wandering is associated with intelligence was somewhat surprising, says lead author Christine Godwin, a psychology PhD candidate. Thats because previous research has linked mind-wandering to poorer performance on memory and reading-

17、comprehension tests, lower SAT scores, negative mood, and mental health disorders.1、Whats the authors attitude towards daydreaming?AUnconcerned.BApproving.CCautious.DDoubtful.2、What can the participants do during the experiment?ATell lies.BDo some reading.CLie and stare.DAnswer some questions.3、What

18、s the finding of the experiment?ADaydreaming may result in good memory.BThe finding is contradictory to the previous research.CDaydreaming is somewhat associated with mental health.DThe more you are mind-wandering, the less intelligent you are.4、Whats the best title for the passage?ADaydreaming is N

19、ot So BadBWhy People are Always Daydreaming?CDaydreaming is Harmful to The BrainDAn Experiment Report on Daydreaming22（8分） When was the last time you used plastic plates? Next time, why not try some edible ones? Youll help the environment and your guests wont go hungry.“I used to work in school cate

20、ring and saw a lot of money being thrown away. I thought that was criminal, so I decided to do something about it,” said Italian school chef Tiziano Vicentini.Now, Vicentini has an amazing range of edible plates for schools. The plates are made out of bread dough, so you can eat them afterwards. “Th

21、ese dishes cost a few pennies each and are either eaten by the kids, or go into recycling bins for animal food,” explained Vicentini, 50, of Milan.But now other companies are developing edible plates, too. The Edible Plate Company offers edible plates, bowls, trays and cups. Their products are envir

22、onmentally-friendly, 100% biodegradable and can be used for all types of catering and home use. And theyre made from a natural plant. After use, they can be fed to animals or left to degrade naturally. They also have a range of cutlery (餐具）made from corn and potato starch (淀粉).These plates will also

23、 help reduce the amount of plastic we create. Waste from plastic causes damage to the environment, costing governments millions in waste management. Plastic bags often end up in landfill sites. And the burning of plastic waste causes toxic gases that pollute the air.In response to this, governments

24、around the world are introducing tough recycling regulations. And many shops are offering biodegradable plastic bags and eco-safe packaging on their products. To help matters, the International Organization for Standardization (the ISO) has also developed a system to evaluate the biodegradability of

25、 products, with a certification and logo scheme. Meanwhile, how about a nice plate for lunch?1、Which of the following is not the advantage of edible plates?AThey are expensive.BThey can degrade naturally.CThey are environmentally-friendly.DThey are made from natural plant.2、Which of the following st

26、atements is true?ATiziano is from Germany.BEdible plates are only used for school catering,CCorn and potato starch can be used to make cutlery.DThe Edible Plate Company doesnt produce edible bowls.3、What does the underlined word “this” refer to?AThe air pollution.BThe edible cutlery.CThe toxic gases

27、 caused by the burning of plastic.DThe damage to the environment caused by plastic waste.4、What is the main idea of this passage?AThe measures to stop the pollution.BThe ways to reduce the plastic waste.CHow to make edible plates from natural plants.DThe plate solution to eating and environmental pr

28、oblem.23（8分）Food is extremely important to us human beings and rice is one of the main food in the world. Australian researchers have discovered a way to genetically engineer rice which would provide significant health benefits to more than half the worlds population.A study undertaken at the Univer

29、sity of Tasmania, published in a respected journal of the National Academy of Sciences, discovered a method to increase the resistant starch (抗性淀粉）content in rice, making it more digestible and leading to lower rate of diabetes (糖尿病）and overweight.Steven Smith, the lead author of the study and a for

30、eign expert for the Chinese government who has been appointed to work on crop improvement projects by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said increasing the higher resistant starch content gave this “designer” rice many added health benefits. “We have discovered that we can increase the amount of resi

31、stant starch in cooked rice, which could provide health benefits for a large number of people in Asia and beyond,” Smith said in a media release on Friday. “The same approach can be adapted for use in other cereals, including wheat. Not only can it have benefits for diabetes and obesity, but also fo

32、r disorders of the bowel(肠）including cancer.”Rice is the main food for more than half the worlds population, providing much of the world with most of their calories. Smith said that as the rate of diabetes and obesity in Asian countries continued to grow, his “designer” rice could provide a way to l

33、imit health problems.“Not only does resistant starch reduce the possibility of a sugar hit but it also reduces the appetite and promotes the growth of the healthy germs.” Smith said.Smith divides his time between the University of Tasmania and his research lab in Beijing where he hopes to make signi

34、ficant advance in sustainable (可持续的）living.1、What do we know about the study?AIt is part of Chinese crop improvement projects.BIt will have a significant effect on crop researches.CIt was jointly（联合地）carried out by Australia and China.DIt helps solve the food problem for over half of the worlds popu

35、lation.2、Based on the text, the resistant starch _.Aexists in large amounts in cooked riceBdecreases the possibility of a “sugar hit” and provides more caloriesCis helpful in digestion and lowers the rate of overweight and diabetesDincreases peoples appetite and improves the growth of healthy germs3

36、、The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refers to _.Aresistant starch Bcooked riceCthe approach Dmedia release4、Where does this text probably come from?AAn environmental report. BA medical journal.CAn engineering textbook. DAn agricultural magazine.24（8分）In the late 1950s, a Russian geneticist call

37、ed Dmitry K. Belyaev attempted to create a tame (驯化的) fox population. Through the work of a breeding programme at the Institute of Cytology and Genetics at Novosibirsk, in Russia, he sought to find the evolutionary pathway of tame animals. His test subjects were silver-black foxes, a melanistic (带黑色

38、的) version of the red fox that had been bred in farms for the color of their fur.He selected the animals based on how they responded when their cage was opened. About 10% of the foxes displayed a weak “wild-response”, meaning they were docile around humans. Those that hid in the corner or made aggre

39、ssive voices were left in the farm. Of those friendly foxes, 100 females and 30 males were chosen as the first generations of parents.When the young foxes were born, the researchers hand-fed them. They also attempted to touch or pet the foxes when they were two to two-and-a-half months old, for stri

40、ctly measured periods at a time. If the young foxes continued to show aggressive response, even after significant human contact, they were thrown away from the populationmeaning they were made into fur coats. In each selection, less than 10% of tame individuals were used as parents of the next gener

41、ation.By the fourth generation, the scientists started to see dramatic changes. The young foxes were beginning to behave more like dogs. They wagged their tails and “eagerly” sought contact with humans. By 2005-2006, almost all the foxes were playful, friendly and behaving like domestic dogs. The fo

42、xes could “read” human hints and respond correctly to gestures or glances.1、What do we know about Belyaevs breeding plan?AIt explains how red foxes were bred.BIt focuses on how tame animals evolved.CIt explains why pet foxes became popular.DIt concentrates on why tame animals disappeared.2、How did h

43、e choose his test foxes in the experiment?ABy appearance.BBy color.CBy reaction.DBy flexibility.3、What can be inferred from Paragraph 3?ASmart foxes were used for testing.BThe purpose of selection was unclear.CFriendly foxes were kept on testing.DThe selection was not exact and thorough.4、What is th

44、e distinguishing characteristic of the fourth generation foxes?ABehaving in a friendlier way.BEating plants.CHaving drooping ears.DHaving shortened legs.25（10分）The times are changing. On Thursday October 13th, singer-songwriter Bob Dylan was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature, marking the first t

45、ime the highly-eyed-on literary award has gone to someone who is mainly seen as a musician, and giving rise to heated discussions.The 75-year-old won the prize “for having created new poetic expressions within the great American song tradition”, the Swedish Academy said.“For 54 years he has been at

46、it, reinventing himself,” said Sara Danius, the academys permanent secretary. “Bob Dylan writes poetry for the car. But its perfectly fine to read his works as poetry.”And while many Dylans fans have found great delight at the news, others online and in the literary community are cross with the Comm

47、ittee, saying the award has skipped over fiction writers for the second year.New York Times Book Review editor Pamela Paul said it was good news but pointed out how many “deserving” novelists there are.Director Martin Scorsese put out a statement saying he was “overjoyed” that Dylan was awarded the

48、prize.“Dylans poetry, his musical genius, has meant so much to me personally and to generations of people around the world,” Scorsese said. “His work has influenced and shaped culture, and he has never stopped exploring and growing as an artist. The Nobel Committee has given Dylan a form of recognit

49、ion that fits his role in our culturein world culture.”Dylan won a Pulitzer Prize in 2008 for his “great influence on popular music and American culture”. Hes the first American to win the literary Nobel since Toni Morrison in 1993.1、Why does Bob Dylans winning the Nobel Prize cause healed discussio

50、ns?AHe created poetic expressions. BHe is known as a musician.CHe reinvents himself. DHe is 75 years old.2、Which is closest in meaning to the underlined part in Paragraph 4?Aare thankful to Bare satisfied withCare angry with Dare worried about3、What can we know about Dylan according to Martin Scorse

51、se?ADylan influences Martin a lot.BDylan is happy with the award.CDylan is a poet rather than a musician.DDylan benefits a lot from world culture.4、What is the passage mainly about?AA brief introduction to Bob Dylan.BThe reason for Bob Dylans success.CBob Dylans influence on American culture.DDiffer

52、ent views on Bob Dylans winning the Nobel Prize.第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项26（30分） “Sara, dont forget your promise to me that you will mow (割草) Mrs. Martins yard this weekend,” said Dad. “Dont let me down.”Sara was the oldest child in the family, and

53、 one of her chores was to mow their yard. Mrs. Martin, their 1 neighbor, was unable to take care of her yard in her 70s, so Saras dad had 2 Sara for this job. 3 Mrs. Martins yard was not big, Sara knew the job would go quickly. However, she still disliked her dads 4 .“Why didnt you ask me first?” Sa

54、ra had 5 .“Did you ask me first when you volunteered me to be in the school festival last fall?” asked Saras father.“Well, no, I didnt ask you first, 6 you would have done those things anyway. Youre always 7 to help.”“I 8 when I can.” Dad answered. “Sara, we have known Mrs. Martin for a very long ti

55、me. She has often 9 our family. Now we can do something for her. 10 , the feeling you get from helping someone makes you 11 who is really helping whom.”“I dont know, Dad,” said Sara. “The only feeling I get from mowing our yard is 12 .”“Just you wait and see,” said DadAfter breakfast, Sara made her

56、way to Mrs. Martins yard. She was good at her job and soon had Mrs. Martins yard looking 13 . Mrs. Martin came outside with a big glass of orange juice and 14 it to her. Sara stopped her work and 15 enjoyed the drink, while Mrs. Martin talked to her about all of the flowers in her yard. Seeing the 1

57、6 in Mrs. Martins eyes, Sara began to understand how much the yard 17 to Mrs. Martin.After finishing her drink, Sara returned to work with a new 18 . A warm feeling began to 19 through her body. Her dad was 20 . It was hard to tell who was helping whom!1、AstrangeBnewCagedDfaithful2、AguidedBvolunteer

58、edCorderedDforced3、AOnceBSinceCUnlessDAlthough4、ApromiseBargumentCpermissionDintroduction5、ArepliedBsuggestedCcomplainedDannounced6、AbutBsoCorDfor7、AproudBwillingCafraidDfortunate8、AchooseBsucceedChesitateDtry9、ArespectedBchangedCprotectedDhelped10、ABesidesBInsteadCThereforeDOtherwise11、AimagineBexp

59、loreCworryDwonder12、AscaredBmovedCtiredDrelaxed13、AtidyBaliveCemptyDmessy14、AthrewBdeliveredCofferedDsold15、AeagerlyBgenerouslyCcarefullyDgratefully16、AdeterminationBpeaceCcuriosityDjoy17、ArelatedBmeantCbelongedDreferred18、AattitudeBwisdomCinspirationDexpectation19、AexistBflyCspreadDbreak20、Aunusual

60、BrightCseriousDhelpful第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27（15分）If you write your name with your left hand instead of your right, you are left-handed, 1. writing is not the only standard. You can write with your right hand, but if your dominant(主要的) and for cleaning teeth, combing hai