2022-2023学年山西省运城市芮城中学高考仿真卷英语试题含解析

1、2022-2023学年高考英语模拟试卷注意事项：1答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号填写在试题卷和答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型（B）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码粘贴在答题卡右上角条形码粘贴处。2作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试题卷上。3非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。4考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答

2、题卡一并交回。第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1Sir, Im late because my car broke down on the way._. Ive had enough of your excuses.ACut it outBSuit yourselfCYou cant be seriousDIt makes sense2_ the deadline, the workers had to work overtime to get the job finished.AGivingBGivenCHaving givenDTo give3The post offi

3、ce is closed _ Saturday afternoon.AonBinCofDat4Mark has lived in China for many years, yet he still cant _ himself to the Chinese customs.AobserveBadaptCleadDdevote5Are the repairs finished yet?Yes, they _ when I came back home.Awould be completed Bwould completeChad completed Dhad been completed6On

4、e of the most important questions they had to consider was _ of public health.Awhat Bthat Cthis Dwhich7Due to the countrys growing rate of urbanization, Chinas migrant population _ to be over 200 million by 2020.Apredicts Bis predicted Cwill have been predicted Dwill be predicted8If _ in the elevato

5、r, please press the emergency button immediately.A trapped B trappingC having trapped D to be trapped9 I am gaining weight. I need to see a doctor. But I think you eat too much. _.ANeglect of health is doctors wealthBLaugh at your ills, and save doctors billsCDiet cures more than the doctorDAn apple

6、 a day keeps the doctor away10More than a quarter of the energy in the United States goes to moving people and goods from one place to another.AusingBusedCto useDuse11Only after talking to two students that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals.AI did discoverBdid

7、I discoverCI discoveredDdiscovered12Not far from the club was there a garden, _ owner seated in it playing bridge with his children every afternoon.AwhoseBitsCwhichDthat13By doing so, you can _ more information and details about the topic, and better understand it.Akeep up withBdo away withChave acc

8、ess toDget down to14What is your impression of your former colleague Nick?Hes helpful, and he _ give us a hand at work.AmustBwouldCmayDshould15Ever since the new park was opened to the public last month, I _ a walk in it every morning.Aam takingBtakeChave takenDhave been taking16Come here, Mary. If

9、you stand at this angle, you _ just see the sunset.AmustBneedCcanDshould17Either side seems to have a(n) _ position; there are still many uncertainties on this issue.AambiguousBdelicateCexplicitDconfidential18It is obvious to the students _they should get well prepared for their future.AasBthatCwhic

10、hDwhether19The differences the childrens achievements can not be completely explained _ their social backgrounds.Ain front ofBin case ofCin need ofDin charge of20I _ football since I left university.Adidnt playBdont playCwont playDhavent played第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6分）

11、When asked to point out one or two things that are most important to themselves, many put friends ahead of homes, jobs, clothes and cars.A true friendship carries a long history of experience that determines who we are and keeps us connected. It is a treasure we should protect. Unfortunately, the be

12、tter friends you are, the more probably youll have disagreements. And the result can be what you dont want an end to the relationship.The good news is that most troubled friendships can be mended. First, dont let your pride get in your way. Most of us can forgive each other when differences are brou

13、ght out in the open. Second, apologize when youre wrong even if youve been wronged. Over the course of a friendship, even the best people make mistakes. Sometimes, it may be best if the wronged person takes the lead and apologizes. When you apologize, give your friend a chance to admit(承认) that he h

14、as been wrong. Third, see things from your friends point of view. And finally, accept that friendships change as our needs and lifestyle change. Making friends can sometimes seem easy. The hard part is keeping the connections strong during the natural ups and downs that have an effect on all relatio

15、nships. My suggestion: consider friendship as an honor and a gift, and worth the effort to treasure and nurture(培养).1、What would be the best title for the passage?AEasy Ways to Make FriendsBUps and Downs in FriendshipCHow to Mend a Troubled FriendshipDHow to Take the Lead in Making Friends2、The wron

16、ged person underlined in the passage refers to a person _.Awho has been mistaken for anotherBwho has been blamed unfairlyCwho has treated friends badlyDwho has admitted his mistakes3、According to the passage, a friendship can be long only if _.Awe have much in commonBwe know our friends mistakesCwe

17、treat our disagreements wiselyDwe have known one another her desires4、What should we do if we follow the authors second suggestion?AMake an apology first.BAvoid making mistakes.CStick to our own points of view.DChange our lifestyles.22（8分）Can training Your Working Memory Make You Smarter?We would al

18、l like to increase our cognitive(认知的)ability beyond the limits set by Mother Nature. So its no wonder that brain-training programmeswhich typically focus on training our working memoryare a multibillion-dollar industry. But can this kind of training really make us smarter?Cognitive training sees the

19、 brain as a kind of muscle that can be made stronger with the right kind of practice. It consists of tasks or games carried out on computers or smart phones. Despite much research, there has so far been no agreement about its effectiveness. Some think that cognitive training increases a broad range

20、of cognitive abilities, while others less optimistic.Yet we do know that some cognitive skills, such as working memory and intelligence, tend to go together and are predictors of real-life skills such as work performance. Thus, training one cognitive skill might lead to an improvement in many other

21、cognitive and non-cognitive skills. That is exactly the underlying hypothesis(假设)on which working-memory training is based.To test this hypothesis, we examined all the studies about working-memory training we could find with normally developing children: 26 experiments and 1,601 total participants.

22、Children represent an ideal test group: during childhood, skills are still at the beginning of their development. Thus, cognitive training is more likely to succeed with children than adults.The results were very clear. Working-memory training did not show any effect on childrens fluid intelligence,

23、 a persons ability to solve new problems and adapt to new situations. It didnt influence their academic achievement or other cognitive abilities, either. The only reliable effect was that children got better at what they trained to do. No more, no less. So performing working-memory tasks does seem t

24、o make you better at doing them. Nonetheless, the fact that participants got better at such tasks does not necessarily mean that their working-memory ability increased. They may just have learnt how to perform that particular type of task.The results do indicate that the use of working-memory traini

25、ng programs as an educational tool is fruitless. More generally, together with other research, the results contribute to disproving cognitive training companies promises of a better brain.The results have even more important implications theoretically. They question the hypothesis that training gene

26、ral cognitive mechanisms can affect other cognitive or real-life skills. Beyond working-memory training, other recent studies have shown the improving cognitive skills outside music-including academic skills.However, these negative results must not discourage us from training our cognitive and non-c

27、ognitive skills. We just have to be aware of the actual limitations of such practice in areas outside what we are actually training. But that doesnt mean we shouldnt do it-the most efficient way to develop a skill is, after all, to train that skill.1、To find out the effect of working memory training

28、, the author _.Amade some scientific studiesBreviewed the previous researchCcompared different test groupsDgot some children involved in the experiment2、Children joining in the experiments were able to _.Ado better in the field where they are trainedBobtain greater academic achievementsCadjust to ne

29、w situations quicklyDsucceed when they deal with real life problems3、What is the authors attitude toward the cognitive training?APessimistic BDisapprovingCObjective DOptimistic4、Cognitive training is likely to _ according to the passage.Adiscover the secrets of human mindsBmake ones brain stronger b

30、y way of practiceCearn a good name for the training companyDbring much profit to the training companies23（8分） My father was always a good gardener. One of my earliest memories is standing without shoes in the freshly tilled(翻耕的)soil, my hands blackened from digging in the ground.As a child, I loved

31、following Dad around in the garden, I remember Dad pushing the tiller(耕作机)ahead in perfectly straight lines. Dad loved growing all sorts of things: yellow and green onions, watermelons almost as big as me, rows of yellow com, and our favorite red tomatoes.As I grew into a teenager, I didnt get so ex

32、cited about gardening with Dad. Instead of magical land of possibility, it had turned into some kind of prison. As Dad grew older, his love for gardening never disappeared. After all the kids were grown and had started families of their own, Dad turned to gardening like never before. Even when he wa

33、s diagnosed with cancer, he still took care of his garden.But then, the cancer, bit by bit, invaded his body. I had to do the things he used to do. What really convinced me that Dad was dying was the state of his garden that year. The rows and rows of multicolored vegetables were gone. Too tired to

34、weed them, he simply let them be. He only planted tomatoes.For the first few years after he died, I couldnt even bear to look at anyones garden without having strong memories pour over me like cold water from a bucket. Three years ago, I decided to plant my own garden and started out with just a few

35、 tomatoes. That morning, after breaking up a fair amount of soil, something caught the comer of my eye and I had to smile, It was my eight-year-old son Nathan, happily playing in the freshly tilled soil.1、Why did the author like the garden when he was a child?AThe garden was planted with colorful fl

36、owers.BThe garden was just freshly tilled by his father.CHe loved what his father grew in the garden.DHe enjoyed being in the garden with his father.2、When all the kids started their own families, the authors father .Adevoted more to gardeningBturned to other hobbiesCstopped his gardeningDfocused on

37、 planting tomatoes3、What happened to the garden when the authors father was seriously ill?AThe authors son took charge of it.BNo plant grew in the garden at all.CThe garden was almost deserted.DIt brought the author a great harvest.4、We can infer from the last paragraph that .Athe authors son played

38、 happily in the gardenBthe authors son reminded him of his own fatherCthe authors son was very glad to help the authorDthe authors son will continue gardening as well24（8分） Here are some professions Americans consider to be the most honest. Maybe the rest of us can learn from what these people do to

39、 establish good relationships with others.MEDICAL DOCTORSJack Jacob, Age: 44, Fountain Valley, CaliforniaI try to introduce myself in a pleasant way. I sit down. I dont stand. I make good eye contact with the patient and his or her family. Communication skills are key, as well as showing understandi

40、ng and availability. For a physician, the most rewarding thing is when someone who has seen your work chooses you.ENGINEERSChrissy Keane, Age: 41, Crofton, MarylandI dont know that being an engineer means you are automatically trustworthy. However, I do think that most engineers like to follow rules

41、 and be organized. They tell you what they think, whether you want to hear it or not. Those are important elements in building trust.POLICE OFFICERSG.M.Cox, Age: 64, Fort Worth, TexasAs a police officer, I have the best interests of the people I serve in my heart and in my actions and Im going to tr

42、eat everyone the same way. I always want to go up to people and speak to them with respect. Dont talk down to them. You have to establish and maintain that trust. Be equal!1、What does Jack Jacob think important to do his job?ABeing communicative.BExperience.CSelf-introduction.DBeing open-minded.2、Ho

43、w does G.M.Cox treat people in his job?AActivelyBEquallyCCautiouslyDStrictly3、What do the three people mentioned in the passage have in common?AThey follow rules.BThey are warm-hearted.CThey deserve trust.DThey are good organizers.25（10分）Traditionally, it has been the workers role to work and manage

44、ments role to manage.Managers have planned and directed the finds operations with little thought of consulting the labor force. Managers have rarely felt forced to obtain the workers opinions or to explain their decisions to their employees. At most, companies have provided suggestion boxes in which

45、 workers could place ideas for improving procedures. In recent years, however, many management specialists have been arguing that workers are more than sellers of laborthey have a vital stake (利害关系) in the company and may be able to make significant contributions to its management. Furthermore, majo

46、r company decisions affect workers and their dependants. This is particularly true of plant closings, which may put thousands on the unemployment lines. Should workers, then, play a stronger role in management?Workers should have a role in management. At the very least, the labor force should be inf

47、ormed of major policy decisions. A common complaint among ordinary workers is the lack of information about company policies and actions. Between 1980 and 1985 about five million workers were the victims of plant closings and permanent layoffs (失业) , often with no warning. At least 90 days notice ou

48、ght to he given in such circumstances so that workers have time to adjust. Management should consult workers before closing a plant, because the workers might be able to suggest ways of improving productivity and reducing costs and might be willing to make concessions (妥协) that will help keep the pl

49、ant operating.It should become a general practice to include workers in some managerial decision making. There ought to be representatives of the workers on the firms board of directors or other major policy-making groups. If ordinary workers are given a voice in the planning and management of the w

50、ork flow, they will help to make improvements, their spirits will rise, and their productivity will increase. As a further incentive (激励), they must be given a share in the companys profits. This can be done through employee stock ownership plans (员工持股计划), bonuses, or rewards for efficiency and prod

51、uctivity. Finally, when a plant can no longer operate at a profit, the workers should be given the opportunity to purchase the plant and run it themselves.1、What can we learn about managers from Paragraph l?AThey were not quite qualified.BThey disliked suggestion boxes.CThey never consulted the labo

52、r force.DThey seldom obtained workers opinions.2、In recent years, many management specialists have been arguing that workers _.Aare not sellers of the products any longerBshould have a say in management of the companyCare less affected by company decisions than beforeDare able to make the final deci

53、sions for the company3、According to the passage, what happened between 1980 and 1985?AWorkers did not make necessary concessions.BMany companies were closed because of strikes.CManagers consulted workers before closing a plant.DAbout 5 million workers were laid off without advance notice.4、If they a

54、re not given a voice in managerial decision making, workers _.Acannot get a share in the companys profitsBwill not have the opportunity to purchase the plantCmay lack the incentive to increase their productivityDcan still get bonuses for efficiency and productivity第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅

55、读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项26（30分）The Sweetest ThingWhen I was ten, I was crazy about candy. Whenever in our small-town 1 with my mom, I would run my fingers through my favorite candy on the shelf. Once there, thinking about all things sweet, I noticed a man a few feet away pushing bu

56、ttons on the ATM machine. Dressed in a suit, he seemed to be late for something, 2 waiting for his cash to appear. The machine made a noise, and he immediately 3 a pile of bills and headed out. Curiously, I walked over to the ATM, where I started pressing the buttons as if knowing the 4 . Then I loo

57、ked into the bottom of the machine. There I saw it: a beautiful, crisp $20 bill! 5 I wanted to believe my magic made the cash appear, I knew the man in the suit must have left it behind.I held the money in my hand, staring at the number “20” and feeling 6 than I ever had. I thought about slipping th

58、e money into my pocket. No one would know, but it didnt feel 7 . I knew it didnt belong to me. I had to find its owner and give it back! So I told my mom what had happened. “Well look for him.” she said kindly. We rushed out and found him stepping into his car in the parking lot! We 8 him and asked

59、whether he had left money at the cash machine. “Let me 9 ,” he said, pulling out his wallet and bills. “Twenty, forty, eightyOh! Youre right,” he said with surprise, “Im 10 a $20 bill.”“Here you go,” I said, smiling with pride, as if I was a(n) 11 who had solved a mystery. “Thank you so much,” he sa

60、id, bending down and shaking my hand. My heart 12 . Before saying goodbye, he asked my mom for my name and 13 . “I want to send your daughter a thank-you card,” he said. On my way home, my 14 was racing. Twenty dollars. What could I have done with it? I bet I could have bought a puppy or every singl