考前添分指导广东高考英语语法填空指导精讲精析

1、语法填空解题指导（续）在第21、22期的报纸上，我们解密了语法填空无提示词类的考查，下面将与同学们一起探讨语法填空中有提示词类的考查（词形转换、非谓语动词、动词时态及语态、形容词或副词比较级）。了解考查项目在句中的语法功能是做这类试题的关键。1.考查词形转换近几年来，词形转换大多是形容词变副词，其他是名词变形容词、动词变名词、动词变形容词。例 1 He must be 20 （mental） disabled.（2011广东省高考）解析：mentally 。副词mentally 用来修饰后面的形容词disabled , mentally disabled 意为智障。例 2 His teache

2、r took a deep drink, smiled 34 （warm）, and thanked his student very much for the sweet water.（2010广东省高考）解析：warmly。warmly用来修饰前面的动词 smiled 。例 3 We drank together and talked 38 （merry） till far into the night.（2007广东省高考）解析：merrily 。 merrily 用来修饰前面的动词talked 。例 4 One Sunday morning in August I went to a

3、local musical festival. I left it early becauseI had an appointment 16 （late） that day.（2011广东省高考）解析：later 。late 作副词时，意为“迟，晚”。根据句子逻辑含义可知句意：那天我早些离开了（音乐节）是因为随后我有个约会。later意为“随后，后来”。例 5 This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their 39 （nature） course.（2008广东省高考）解析：natural 。此处填形容词 natural 修饰 c

4、ourse。例 6 But Jane knew from past experience that her 36 （choose） of ties hardly ever pleased her father.（2009广东省高考）解析：choice 。此处填名词 choice作宾语从句的主语。例 7 Mary felt 18 （please）, because there were many empty seats in the room.（2012广东省高考）解析：pleased 。由于主语是人，故此处用pleased 。例 8 “That would be a very 19 （reas

5、on） thing to do in a big city, but it could destroy a small village like ours, Nick said.（2013广东省高考）解析：reasonable 。此处填形容词 reasonable 修饰thing 。例 9“But such a small thing couldn t 23 （possible） destroy a village. ”（2013广东省高考）解析：possibly 。 possibly 用来修饰后面的动词destroy 。2.考查非谓语动词这类考查包括对动词不定式、现在分词、过去分词的考查。（

6、1）考查现在分词例 1 He spit it out, 37 （say） it was awful. （2010广东省高考）解析：saying 。由于say这一动作是由主语 He发出的，故填现在分词。saying在句中作伴随状语。例 2 I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man 18 (sit)at the front. (2011广东省高考)解析：sitting/sit 。根据固定用法 notice sb. do/doing sth. 可知，此处应填 sitting 或者sit 。例 3

7、 He suddenly appeared in class one day, 16 (wear) sun glasses.(2012广东省高考)解析：wearing。wear这一动作是由主语 He发出的，故此处填现在分词。wearing在句中作伴随状语。例 4 “In the beginning, t here was only a very small amount of unfairness in the world, buteveryone added a little, always 25 (think) that it was only small and not very imp

8、ortant, and look where we have ended up today. ” (2013广东省高考)解析：thinking 。 think这一动作是由主语 everyone发出的，故此处填现在分词，thinking在句中作伴随状语。(2)考查过去分词例While she was getting me 34 (settle) into a tiny but clean room, the head of thevillage was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to a small town some 20 kilomete

9、rs awaywhere there was a garage.(2007 解析：settled 。 get sb. settled (3)考查不定式例 1 For example, the proverb,广东省高考）“把某人安顿好”。“plucking up a crop32(help) it grow ” , is based onthe following story.（2008广东省高考）as her mother, who was always delighted解析：to help 。不定式作目的状语。例 2 She wished that he was as easy 32 (

10、please) with perfume. (2009 广东省高考)动词不定式（用主动形解析：to please 。主语 + 谓语(系动词)+ 形容词(difficult, easy, hard, etc.)+ 式表被动含义)。【跟踪训练】Everything seemed to be going (smooth) for the first two days after I moved to New York.Harry is feeling (comfort). He must have drunk too much at the party last night.This is by f

11、ar the most (inspire) movie that I have ever seen.I think watching TV every evening is a waste of time there are more (meaning)things to do.Generally, students inner motivation with high (expect) from others is essential to their development.In the global economy, a new drug for cancer will create m

12、any economic (possible) around the world.Teamleaders must ensure that all members get over their (nature)desire to avoidthe embarrassment associated with making mistakes.(tradition),college students hold a graduation ceremony to encourage themselvesbefore they set off on their life journey.David is

13、(allergy) to animal fur, so he won t visit anyone who has cats or dogs in the house.The famous (music), as well as his students, was invited to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo.The Forbidden City attracts a constant stream of (visit) every day, especially during nationa

14、l holidays.A society cannot be (success) if it throws tradition away.I stayed up late (write) a report last night.Not knowing which university (attend), the girl asked her teacher for advice.The airport (complete) next year will help promote tourism in this area.Laura was away in Paris for over a we

15、ek. When she got home, there was a pile of mail (wait) for her.In somelanguages, 100 words make up half of all words (use) in daily conversations.When I was little, my mother used to sit by my bed, (tell) me stories till I fell asleep.(recycle) is one way to protect the environment; reusing is anoth

16、er.The sun began to rise in the sky, (bathe) the mountain in golden light.You cannot accept an opinion (offer) to you unless it is based on facts.Every day read a proverb aloud several times until you have it (memorize). Lionel Messi, (set) the record for the most goals in a year, is considered the

17、most talented football player in Europe.Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and (reduce) toruins, the citytook on a new look. (found) in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children s love of art.(know) basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emerg

18、encies.Anyone, once (test) positive(阳性的)for H7N9 flu virus, will receive free medicaltreatment from our government.Would you mind (answer) some questions on shopping habits?参考答案及解析：smoothly 。此处填副词 smoothly修饰be going ,意为顺利地。uncomfortable 。根据句意可知，此处需用一个形容词，表“不舒服的，填 uncomfortable 。inspiring 。此处填形容词 ins

19、piring 修饰movie,表鼓舞人心的“。meaningful 。根据句意可知，此处填形容词 meaningful修饰things 。expectation(s) 。根据句意可知，此处需填名词expectation(s),表期望”。possibilities 。根据 many 一词可知，此处需填一个名词复数形式表“可能的事，填 possibilities 。natural 。此处填形容词 natural 修饰名词desire 。Traditionally 。根据句子结构可知，此处需填一个放在句首的副词。allergic 。此处填形容词 allergic , be allergic to 意

20、为对过敏”。musician 。根据his students及后面的谓语动词was invited 可知，此处需要一个名词表身份或职业，填 musician 。visitors 。根据句意可知，此处填名词复数visitors ,表游客”。successful 。此处填形容词 successful 作表语。writing 。由于write 这一动作是由主语I发出的，故此处填现在分词。to attend 。此处是“疑问代词 which + to +动词原型”作宾语的用法。to be completed 。根据next year和will 可知，这个机场还未竣工，又因为 complete和airpo

21、rt 是逻辑上的动宾关系，故此处填to be completed 。waiting 。 there be sth. doing为固定结构，表示“有某物正处于某状态”。used 。动词use和all words 是逻辑上的动宾关系，故此处填过去分词。telling 。 tell这一动作是由主语 my mother发出的，故此处填现在分词。Recycling 。此处填动名词 Recycling 作句子的主语。bathing 。 bathe这一动作是由主语 The sun发出的，故此处填现在分词。offered 。由于offer和an opinion 是逻辑上的动宾关系，故此处填过去分词。memor

22、ized 。此处是 have sth. done的固定结构。having set 。 set这一动作发生在 is considered 之前，所以用完成时态。由于 set这一动作由主 语 Lionel Messi 发出，故填 having set 。being reduced 。此处填 being reduced ,与 and 前的 suffering构成并列关系，一起作 after 的介词宾语；又因为reduce与主语the city是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用被动语态。Founded 。 found这一动作和主语the school是逻辑上的动宾关系，故填过去分词。Knowing 。此处填动名

23、词，作句子的主语。tested 。此处是“连词once+过去分词”的结构（由于是被检测，因此用过去分词），在句中作状answering 。 此处是 mind doing sth.的固定表达， 故填 answering 。.考查谓语动词时态及语态“一般过式时”是近几年语法填空谓语动词考查的重点。此外，还考查了 “过去进行时”以及表虚拟语气的had done结构”。例 1 The sun was setting when my car 31 （break） down near a remote and poor village.（2007年广东省高考）解析：broke。sb. was doing

24、sth. when sth. did 表示某人正在做某事时，这时发生了”。例 2 Besides, shopping at this time of the year was not a pleasant experience: people stepped on your feet or 34 （push） you with their elbows （月寸部），hurrying ahead to get to a bargain.（2009年广东省高考）解析：pushedo根据前面的连词 or可知，此处应用一般过去时与stepped在时态上保持一致。stepped和pushed作并列谓语。

25、例 3 After a four-day journey, the young man 33 （present） the water to the old man.（2010年广东省高考）解析：presented 。年轻人把水赠送给老年人是过去发生的动作，故用一般过去时。例 4 He 19 （pretend） that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice.（2011年广东省高考）解析：was pretending 。根据下文 giving it a voice 可知，此处应用过去进行时。was pretending和（was） giving 作

26、并列谓语。例 5 He walked in as if he 17 （buy） the school.（2012 年广东省高考）解析：had bought o as if从句所表达的内容与事实相反，表示对过去的虚拟，故用 had done结构。例 6 Her mother was excited. Your father has at last decided to stop smoking,“ Jane 40 （inform）.（2009年广东省高考）解析：was informed 。她的母亲高兴地说：“你的父亲最终决定戒烟了。Jane 被告知。由于动作发生在过去并且Jane是动作的承受者，

27、故此处填 was informed 。例 7 Suddenly, he 16 （find） that he had run out of salt.（2013 年广东省高考）解析：found o宾语从句中的had run out of salt为过去完成时，所以主句应为一般过去时。故此处填 found 。.考查形容词或副词的比较级近几年来，出现了对单音节形容词或副词比较级的考查。例 1 The teacher replied, “You tasted the water. I tast ed the gift. The water was simplythe container for an

28、act of kindness and love. Nothing could be 39(sweet). (2010年广东省高考)解析：sweeter。根据句子逻辑含义及语法可知，此处应填sweet的比较级sweeter。 nothing(具有否定含义的不定代词)+谓语+形容词比较级”表达最高级含义。 句意为：没有什么比它更甜的了 (言外之 意它是最甜的)。例 2 He was very tired after doing this for a whole day, but he felt very happy since thecrop did grow38 (high).(2008 年广

29、东省高考)解析：higher o根据句子逻辑含义及语法可知，此处应填 high的比较级higher。句意为：这样做了一 整天之后，他非常劳累，但是他觉得很高兴，因为庄稼确实“长得”更高了。例 3 It might have made it a little 21 (hard) for everybody because it meant they hadto turn around, but that didn t stop the kids in the class.(2012 年广东省高考)解析：harder o根据句子逻辑含义及语法可知，此处应填 hard的比较级harder。句意为：对

30、于所有的 人(学生)来说，这更加困难，因为他们不得不转身，但这并不能阻止班上的孩子们(这样做)。【跟踪训练】Hurry up, kids! The school bus (wait) for us!Briggs will take over as general manager when Mitchell (retire). It was with the help of the local guide that the mountain climber (rescue). He was unhappy when he sold his guitar. After all, he (have)

31、 it for a very long time.We are confident that the environment (improve) by our furtherefforts to reducepollution.The water supply has been cut off temporarily because the workers (repair) one of the main pipes.I felt very tired when I got home, and I (go) straight to bed.A Midsummer Night s Dream (

32、open) at the TheatreRoyal next week, and then toursthroughout Scotland.“What do you want to be? ” asked Mrs. Crawford. Oh, I (be) president, “ said the boy, with a smile.- I don t understand why you didn t go to the lecture yesterday afternoon.一 I m so sorry. But I(do) my homework.From space, the ea

33、rth looks blue. This is because about seventy-one percent of its surface (cover) by water.I m calling about the apartment you(advertise) the other day. Could youtell memore about it?It s much (easy) to make friends when you have similar interests.I think I am a (nice) person today than I used to be, and I hope I will not