大学英语教案 Unit40

1、Unit 10 Section AThe Bermuda Triangle PhenomenonI. Background Knowledgethe Bermuda TriangleIt should be pointed out that U.S. Board of Geographic Names does not recognize the Bermuda Triangle as an official name. The “Bermuda or Devils Triangle” is an imaginary area located off the southeastern Atla

2、ntic coast of the United States, which is noted for a high incidence of unexpected losses of ships, small boats, and aircraft. The apexes (顶点) of the triangle are generally accepted to be Bermuda, Miami, Fla., and San Juan, Puerto Rico. For more information about the Bermuda Triangle, please visit H

3、YPERLINK /faqs/faq8-1.htm /faqs/faq8-1.htm and HYPERLINK / /.2. Florida “Florida” is Spanish for flower. It gained the Admission to Statehood on March 3, 1845 as the 27th state, now with an area of 65, 758 sq. mi. and a coastline of 1350 miles. Florida is not the southernmost state in the United Sta

4、tes. Hawaii is farther south. For more information, please see HYPERLINK / /3. the Atlantic OceanThe Atlantic Ocean is the second largest of the worlds four oceans (after the Pacific Ocean, but larger than the Indian Ocean and the Arctic Ocean).4. Bermuda Bermuda was first settled in 1609 by shipwre

5、cked English colonists headed for Virginia. Now Bermuda has developed into a highly successful offshore financial center. For basic facts about Bermuda, check out the web page at HYPERLINK /cia/publications/factbook/geos/bd.html /cia/publications/factbook/geos/bd.html. The website at / provides more

6、 detailed information and online resources about Bermuda.5. Puerto Rico Puerto Rico is close to the deepest submarine depression in the North Atlantic Ocean. For more information, please check out the websites at HYPERLINK /%20and%20http:/ / and /.6. the Graveyard of the Atlantic Over 600 ships have

7、 been wrecked along this treacherous stretch of coast since the 16th century, and a few remain visible at times on the beaches. David Sticks Graveyard of the Atlantic, Shipwrecks of the North Carolina Coast gives detailed accounts of these and other tragedies that were a daily occurrence. For more i

8、nformation, check out the websites at HYPERLINK /caha/graveyard.htm%20 /caha/graveyard.htm and HYPERLINK /graveyard_of_the_atlantic.htm /graveyard_of_the_atlantic.htm.7. Christopher Columbus (1451-1506) A Genoese (热那亚的) navigator and explorer for Spain, Christopher Columbus explored Caribbean island

9、s, cost of central America, South America, etc. in the 15th and 16th centuries.8. U.S. Navy The U.S. Navy was founded on 13 October 1775, and the Department of the Navy was established on 30 April 1798. For more information please see HYPERLINK / /.9. Charles Berlitz Charles Berlitz is the grandson

10、of Maximilian Berlitz, founder of the famous language schools. His book, The Bermuda Triangle, published in 1974, popularized the idea of a deadly region of the ocean into which planes and ships ventured at their peril. Among the theories advanced by Berlitz to explain the number of losses in the ar

11、ea are: (1) A large magnetic vortex through which a craft and its occupants could slip into a different point in time and space. (2) The action of the aliens from outer space or from inside the earth. (3) The activation of man-made power complexes on the seabed left by a previous civilization, perha

12、ps the lost city of Atlantis. The web page at HYPERLINK .au/wtoutatrace.covr.htm .au/wtoutatrace.covr.htm provides a list of his books.10. Atlantis It is said that over 11,000 years ago there existed an island nation located in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean, which was the domain of Poseidon, god

13、of the sea. When Poseidon fell in love with a mortal woman, Cleito, he created a dwelling at the top of a hill near the middle of the island and surrounded the dwelling with rings of water and land to protect her. The city of Atlantis sat just outside the outer ring of water and spread across the pl

14、ain covering a circle of 11 miles (17 km). This was a densely populated area where the majority of the population lived. Beyond the city lay a fertile plain 330 miles (530 km) long and 110 miles (190 km) wide surrounded by another canal used to collect water from the rivers and streams of the mounta

15、ins. The climate was such that two harvests were possible each year, one in the winter fed by the rains and one in the summer fed by irrigation from the canal. Besides the harvests, the island provided all kinds of herbs, fruits, and nuts. An abundance of animals, including elephants, roamed the isl

16、and. For generations the Atlanteans lived simple, virtuous lives. But slowly they began to change. Greed and power began to corrupt them. When Zeus (宙斯) saw the immorality of the Atlanteans he gathered the other gods to determine a suitable punishment. Soon, in one violent surge it was gone. The isl

17、and of Atlantis, its people, and its memory were swallowed by the sea.For more information about this legendary island, please see HYPERLINK / /.II. Text AnalysisInduction (归纳法) Specific details (Para. 1) A general introduction about the triangle and the public responses to it (Paras. 2-3)More speci

18、fic details (Paras. 4-5)General explanations of the mystery and further efforts to be made (Paras. 6-9)The whole essay is written in a typical inductive or specific-general pattern.Induction (归纳法) A general introduction of the Devils Triangle:1. On July 3, 1947, a U.S. Army airplane disappeared 100

19、miles off Bermuda without broadcasting any word of difficulty; and an immediate search failed to turn up a single piece of the missing plane.2. On January 30, 1948, a British airliner vanished over the triangle with 31 passengers and crew aboard. A year later, the missing airliners sister plane disa

20、ppeared in the same mysterious way.Back3. A 500-foot coal ship disappeared on March 4, 1918. Investigations revealed no evidence of bad weather, no messages for help, no wreckage and no sign of the 309 men aboard.4. Stranger yet are the numerous “ghost” ships that have been found floating crewless w

21、ithin the triangle. On one weird occasion in 1881, the cargo steamer Ellen Austin discovered a small sailing ship, sails waving uselessly in the wind(Paras. 4 - 5)Specific details: More mysterious facts recordedIII. Language Pointstake off (of a plane, etc.) leave the ground and begin to fly （飞机等）起飞

22、Its exciting to feel the plane taking off. 感受飞机起飞的一瞬是激动人心的。We took off so smoothly that the passengers could hardly feel it. 我们的飞机起飞时非常平稳，乘客们几乎都毫无感觉。 search for examine or go over carefully in order to find 搜寻，探求，寻觅For over 100 years, men have been searching for gold in the hills. 一百多年来，人们一直在这山中寻找金子

23、。Many people spend years searching for peace of mind, often with little success. 许多人多年追求平静超脱的心境，但往往收效甚微。 without trace without any mark, sign, etc 无影无踪地，了无痕迹地He has disappeared without trace. 他已销声匿迹了。The children were lost without trace in the forest. 孩子们在森林里失踪了，没有留下痕迹。 tell of mention; describe 讲述，

24、述说，告诉He told of having seen a strange creature in the lake. 他讲述了看到湖中怪兽的事。He told us of having found a perfect place for the camp. 他告诉我们他找到了一个最佳宿营地。 go so far as to make such a strong statement or take such strong action as to 说或做到强烈程度I would go so far as to say its positively neurotic. 我甚至会说这绝对是神经病。

25、He went so far as to say that he would give up his life for the poor girl. 他甚至说他愿意为这可怜的姑娘献出生命。 turn up 1. discover 发现，挖掘The farmer turned up an ancient coin while ploughing the field.那农民犁地时挖出一枚古币。Just how do you intend to turn up the necessary proof? 只是你究竟打算怎样去找必要的证据呢？2. happen without effort on one

26、s part 发生，出现，到来Its no good waiting for something to turn up; you have to take actions. 守株待兔没用，你得采取点行动。In case anything turned up was his favorite expression. 万一有什么事是他的口头禅。 attribute sth. to regard sth. as belonging to, caused by or produced by sb./sth. 把. .归因于，把. .归咎于She attributed her great age to

27、a carefully planned diet. 她认为她的高寿是精心安排饮食的结果。We attribute Edisons success to intelligence and hard work. 我们把爱迪生的成功归因于他的天分和勤奋工作。 go on take place; happen 发生Theres a wedding going on at the church. 教堂里正在举行婚礼。Whats going on here? 这儿出了什么事？ on the contrary exactly the opposite; instead 恰恰相反，相反地It doesnt s

28、eem ugly to me; on the contrary, I think its rather beautiful. 我并不觉得它丑，恰恰相反，我认为它相当美。He is not busy; on the contrary, he is out of work. 他不忙，相反，他失业了。 Compare: to the contrary: (saying the opposite) to the opposite effect Unless I hear anything to the contrary, I shall assume that the arrangements hav

29、ent changed. 除非接到更改的通知，否则我就假定一切安排不变。If you dont hear something to the contrary Ill meet you at 7 oclock outside the cinema. 如果你没有听到取消的通知，我们就7点在电影院外见。 to date so far; up to now 到目前为止，迄今To date, weve received 40 bookings for the holiday, so were doing quite well. 到目前为止，我们已收到40份度假预定申请，所以情况相当不错。He left

30、three weeks ago and we havent had one single letter from him to date. 他于三周前离开这里。迄今为止，我们还未收到他一封信。 Compare: up to date (up-to-date): newest; modernan up-to-date system 现代制度We want our methods to be up to date. 我们希望我们的方法是最新的。 on display being displayed 展览，陈列A collection of photographs was on display in

31、 the hall. 大厅里有图片展览。We were amazed by the rich variety of commodities on display. 我们对陈列出来的丰富多彩的商品感到惊异。 expand on/upon develop or give more of (a story, an argument, etc.) （对故事、论据等进行）补充Im quite satisfied with your explanation, so theres no need to expand on it. 我对你的解释十分满意，因此不需要详细阐述了。You mentioned the

32、 need for extra funding. Would you expand on that? 你提到需要额外的资金，你愿就此展开谈谈吗？ from time to time now and then; occasionally 不时，有时From time to time he got up from the sofa and walked about the room. 他时不时地从沙发上站起来，在房间里踱来踱去。We usually eat at home but from time to time we go out for lunch. 我们通常在家吃饭，偶尔出去吃午餐。 se

33、t off cause sth. to take place 引起，启动The instrument sets off an effect in the atoms of this substance, which causes it to produce power that can be made into electricity. 这种仪器使这种物质的原子产生反应，从而产生一种可以发电的新能量。The owner accidentally set off the fire bell, and two fire engines arrived. 主人偶然碰响了火警铃，结果来了两辆救火车。

34、make contact with succeed in speaking to or meeting sb./sth. 接触，联系，结识，会晤We have succeeded in making radio contact with the ship. 我们已与船只成功地取得了无线电联系。The insurance salesman tried to make contact with wealthy people. 经营保险业的人千方百计地与富人接触。Words and Phrases the triangle has claimed the lives of some 1,000 sa

35、ilors and pilots. (Para. 2) claim the life of: killThe war claimed the life of a UN interpreter yesterday. 昨天，联合国的一位翻译死于那场战斗。Heart disease is the biggest killer, claiming 180,000 lives a year. 心脏病是最大的杀手，每年夺去18万人的生命。 Whatever the truth may be, planes and ships regularly disappear in the triangle. (Pa

36、ra. 4) whatever: determiner & pron. 1) no matter whatWhatever problems you have, you can always come to me for help. 不论你碰到什么问题，你都可以来找我帮忙。Whatever you do, Ill always love you. 无论你做什么，我都爱你。Keep calm, whatever happens. 不论发生什么，都保持镇静。(Please note the word order: whatever comes first in its clause, even i

37、f it is the object of the verb.)2) anything thatWhatever you want is fine with me. 无论你要什么我都觉得可以。Prisoners have to eat whatever theyre given. 囚犯只好给什么就吃什么。 After a second crew was assigned, the ship was again lost in a fog bank. (Para. 5) in a fog bank: in a mass of fogbank: n. a mass of snow, clouds,

38、 mud, etc. The banks of dark clouds promised a heavy storm. 一块块乌云预示着大风暴的来临。 These include the swift Gulf Stream current,. (Para. 6) Gulf Stream current: a current of warm water which flows northeastward in the Atlantic Ocean from the Gulf of Mexico toward EuropeIV. Writing写作模式（分析建议类）While we watch m

39、ans ability to do sth. increase with each passing day, he is often at a loss what to do in the face of such challenges/ puzzles/problems as (议论的主题) 2) The mystery of , for example, has cast much doubt on what we have long been proud of or firmly convinced of . 3) With a constant emergence of in the

40、future, in fact, man will have to be faced with more and more of such challenges/problems.4) If taken seriously/objectively, however, these challenges can shed new light on . 5) For one thing, they can help , as it is the nature of man to.(分析I) 6）For another, they can remind man of , thus (分析II) 7)

41、And best of all, they can prove man to be .(分析III) 8) In this light, man has every reason to . (进一步阐述)9) So most important for man now is how to respond to the challenges with positive/ effective action. 10) On the one hand, in my opinion, man must give full play to.(建议I) 11) But on the other, man m

42、ust prevent them from (建议II) 12) As long as man sees/ treats them in perspective, therefore, they will serve as an ever-increasing force behind his (结论句)What Enlightenment Can Be Gained from the Worlds Mysteries1) 人类社会面临着世界之谜的挑战。 2）分析该挑战给我们的启迪。 3）我们应怎样对待之？1) While we watch mans ability to tame the n

43、ature increase with each passing day, the human world is often at a loss what to do in the face of such challenges as the worlds mysteries. (议论的主题) 2) The mystery of black holes, for example, has cast much doubt on what we have long been proud of or firmly convinced of. 3) With a constant emergence

44、of the unknown in the future, in fact, man will have to be faced with more and more of such challenges.4) If taken seriously, however, these challenges can shed new light on our ways of seeing and changing the world. 5) For one thing, they can help build up mans curiosity for the world around him, a

45、s it is the nature of man to seek for the better explanation of something foreign to him.(分析I) 6）For another, they can remind man of his ignorance about the objective world, thus making him aware of the fact that man is still far from perfect in knowledge acquisition.(分析II)7) And best of all, they c

46、an prove man to be a part of the nature rather than the master of the nature.(分析III) 8) In this light, man has every reason to take account of all the important factors concerning the nature in the course of his struggle for a better survival and attach to each its due weight. (进一步阐述)9) So most impo

47、rtant for us now is how to respond to the challenges with positive action. 10) On the one hand, in my opinion, we must give full play to their strong incentive for our further exploration of the unknown world.(建议I) 11) But on the other, we must prevent them from becoming the breeding ground for pseu

48、do-science or superstition. (建议II) 12) As long as we see them in perspective, therefore, they will serve as an ever-increasing force behind the human progress. (结论句)Section BThe ride of my LifeI. Reading SkillsDenotation（本义）and Connotation（言外之意） Both denotation and connotation refer to the meanings

49、of words. Denotation is the literal meaning of a word what you find in a dictionary. Connotation, on the other hand, is the implied meaning of a word what a word suggests to you, or what it makes you feel or think of. For the word “die”, for example, the denotation is “stop living”. But in the sente

50、nce “Some die at 30 but are not buried until theyre 70”, the word “die” connotes “stop living spiritually” or “stop growing intellectually”. In Book 2 (Unit 5 and Unit 10) and Book 3 (Unit 4) we talked about the appreciation of figurative language. In order to fully understand figurative language, o

51、r figures of speech, we need to be aware of the context in which the words appear. Generally speaking, the more we perceive the connotations of the words, the more we can understand how a writer wants us to feel or think. Read carefully the following sentences taken from Passage A, paying close atte

52、ntion to the underlined words. These words all have clear denotations, but each has a number of connotations. Write the denotation of the word and at least one of its connotations. Example 1: Among sailors, it is known as “the Graveyard of the Atlantic” because of the strange weather found there. De

53、notation: a piece of ground, sometimes near a church, where dead people are buried Connotation (s): a place for the dead; a very dreadful place. It has a frightening and horrifying sense.Example 2: Stranger yet are the numerous “ghost” ships that have been found floating crewless within the triangle

54、. Denotation: a dead person who appears again Connotation (s): mysterious; dreadful. It also has a frightening and horrifying sense.Example 1: The captain of the Ellen Austin installed a new crew to sail it, but two days later, during a rough storm, the two ships temporarily lost sight of each other

55、.Denotation: set up an apparatus so that it is ready for useConnotation(s): assign; get aboard. Its implied here that the boat was empty on one hand, and on the other, the “new crew” was treated as one of the captains tools.Example 2: These include the swift Gulf Stream current, the unexplored subme

56、rged valleys of the Atlantic and the often violent weather within the mystery zone.Denotation: (of a person) uncontrollably fierce (and dangerous) in actionConnotation(s): too changeable to be predicted; with forces too strong to control. Here weather is personified, compared to a person who is unco

57、ntrollably fierce and dangerous in action.II. Language PointsPhraseshang over 悬浮于空中Theres a branch hanging over, can you reach it and pull yourself out of the water? 上面有一根树枝，你能够得着它，把自己拖出水吗？plug in 插上插头No wonder the lamp didnt come on, its not plugged in! 难怪电灯不亮，没有插上插头！fill with 充满，装满，盛满The secret of

58、 happiness is to fill ones life with activity. 幸福的秘诀在于有一个充实的人生。 pop out （使）突然出来，出来一会儿I had just popped out for a breath of fresh air, and missed your telephone call. 我刚好出去呼吸点新鲜空气，于是就错过了你的电话。 get going （使）开始运行After Ive been ill, I find it hard to get going again. 生病后，我发现再开始有些困难。go up 上升，攀升Smoke was g

59、oing up in a straight line, showing that there was no wind. 烟直线上升，说明无风。load with 装，装载The air is loaded with smoke and dirt. 空气中弥漫着烟雾和灰尘。 ahead of （在空间或时间上）超前，在前面Jim was ahead of all the other runners. 吉姆领先于其他所有的赛跑者。 turn sth. over to sb. 把（某事）交给（某人）处理He turned the business over to his daughter. 他把商行

60、交给他女儿管理。 think of call to mind; remember 想起，记得I am glad that you thought of this hotel, where you stayed last year. 我很高兴你记起了去年住过这家旅馆。 我记不起那本书的书名了，只记得是一本厚厚的红皮书，放在书架最高层的左边。 take sb.s/sth.s place replace sb./sth. 代替I know that no one can take your mothers place, but Ill do my best to give you a good ho