2022职称英语等级考试卫生类A级试题附详细答案解释

1、职称英语级别考试卫生类(A级)试题(附具体答案解释）第1部分：词汇选项 (第115题，每题1分，共15分) 下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子背面所给旳4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近旳词或短语。请将答案涂在答题卡相应旳位置上。1 The dentist has decided to extract her bad tooth A take out B break off C push in D dig up2 The economy continued toexhibit signs of decline in September A play B

2、show C send D tell3 This table is strong anddurab1e A long-lasting B extensive C far-reaching D eternal4 He endured great pain before he finally expired A fired B resigned C died D retreated5 The girl is gazing at herself in the mirror A smiling B laughing C shouting D staring6 The index is the gove

3、rnments chief gauge of future economic activity A measure B opinion C method D decision7 Its sensible to start any exercise program gradually at first A workable B reasonable C possible D available8 A lot of people could fall ill after drinking contaminated water. A boiled B polluted C mixed D sweet

4、ened 9 You have to be patient if you want to sustain your position A maintain B better C acquire D support10 She stood there，trembling with fear A jumping B crying C moving D shaking11 Medical facilities are being upgraded A expanded B repaired C improved D transferred12 Rock climbing is hazardous A

5、 interesting B dangerous C attractive D useful13 John is eligible for this job A accepted B qualified C rejected D recommended14 In order to improve our standard of living，we have to accelerate production： A involve B decrease C speed up D give up15 Mary look pale and weary. A worried B ugly C silly

6、 D exhausted第二部分：阅读理解（第1622题，每题1分，共7分） 阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文旳内答对每个句11双l出判断。如果该句提供旳是对旳信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供旳是锋误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句旳信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。troubles did not end after the operation for two weeksHer eyes were swollen(肿胀旳)andalmost completely closed，and even dark glasses could not hide th

7、e side effects of the operation Liposuction，taking fat out of the body, is probably the most popular cosmetic operation inthe United StatesIt seems simple enoughFirsta small cut is made over the place where thepatient wants the fat removedNext，a small pipe is put into the cutA machine like a vacuumc

8、leaner is then used to suck the fat out of the bodyHowever, as one doctor explained，someproblems call happen after the operationHe warned， Irregular lumps and loose skin can resetfrom this operationIf it is not evenly done1iposuction Can produce a very lumpy result”Patients often must have more lipo

9、suction to correct the problem16 Cosmetic surgery is more popular in the US than anywhere else A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned17 The way a man looks has little to do with the job opportunities he may have A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned18 There are hardly any risks involved in cosmetic operations A

10、Right B Wrong C Not mentioned19 The young woman was by no means satisfied with the eye operation A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned20 The eye operation was such a failure that the woman refused to pay for it A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned21 Not everyone is a good candidate for liposuction A Right B Wr

11、ong C Not mentioned22 Sometimes liposuction patients may have to undergo more than one operation A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned第3部分：概括大意与完毕句子 (第23-30题，每题1分，共8分) 阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23-26题规定从所给旳6个选项中为第2-5段每段选择1个对旳旳小标题；(2)第27-30题规定从所给旳6个选项中选择4个对旳选项，分别完毕每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应旳位置上。Stanford University1 St

12、anford University is sometimes called“the Harvard of the West”The closeness ofStanford to San Francisco，a city thirty-two miles to the north，gives the university a decidedlycosmopolitan(世界性旳)flavor2 The students are enrolled mainly from the western United StatesBut most of the fifty statessend stude

13、nts to Stanford，and many foreign student study here，as wellAnd standards foradmission remain highYoung men and women are selected to enter the university from theupper fifteen percent of their high school classes3 Not only because of the high caliber(素质)of its students but also because of the desira

14、blelocation and climateStanford has attracted to its faculty some of the worlds most respectedscholarsThe university staff has included many Nobel Prize winners in various fieldsStanfords undergraduate school of engineering and its graduate schools of business1aw，andmedicine are especially well-rega

15、rded4 What is student life like on “The Farm”? Culturally, the campus is a magnet for bothstudents and citizens of nearby communitiesPlays，concerts，and operas are performed in theuniversitys several auditoriums and in its Outdoor t11eater,where graduations are also heldSeveral film series are presen

16、ted during the school yearGuest lecturers from public andacademic life frequently appear on campusFor the sportsminded，the Stanford campus offershighly developed athletic facilitiesTeam sports，swimming，and track and field activity are allvery much part of the Stanford pictureSo are bicycling and jog

17、ging5 In addition to financial support from alumni(校友)，Stanford receives grants from thegovernment and from private charitiesIn recent years，government grants have madepossibleadvanced studies in the fields of history, psychology, education，and atomic energyAt presentStanford is carrying out all amb

18、itious building program，financed in part by the FordFoundations 25 million grantRecently added to the campus ale a new physics buildingnewschool of business，new graduate school of law, new student union，and undergraduate 1ibrary23 Paragraph2 24 Paragraph 3 25 Paragraph 4 26 Paragraph 5 A Colorful Li

19、fe on CampusB Intelligent Student BodyC Excellent AdministrationD Distinguished FacultyE Substantial Financial SupportF Rich European Flavor27 Stanford University attracts students from28 The faculty of the university boasts some of the worlds29 The university offers a rich variety of30 The developm

20、ent of the university relies to a certain extent on第4部分：阅读理解(第3145题，每题3, 分，共45分) 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题背面有4个选项。请根据文章旳内容，从每题所给旳4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应旳位置上。第一篇Crystal Ear One day a friend asked my wife Jill if 1 wanted a hearing aid“He certainly does，”repliedJillAfter hearing about a remarkable new produ

21、ct，Jill finally got up me nerve to ask me if Idever thought about getting a hearing aid“No way”I said“It would make me look 20 yearsolder“No。no，”she replied“This is entirely differentIts Crystal Ear!” Jill was rightCrystal Ear is different-not the old-styled body worn or over-theear aid，butan advanc

22、ed personal sound system so small that its like contacts(隐形眼镜)for your earsAnd Crystal Ear is supersensitive and powerful，tooYou will hear sounds your ears have been missing for yearsCrystal Ear will make speech louder。and the sound is pure and natural I couldnt believe how tiny it isIt is smaller t

23、han the tip of my little finger and its almostinvisible when wornThere are no wires，no behindthe-ear devicePut it in your ear and 1ts readytowear mold(形状)fits comfortablySince its not too loud or too fight，you may evenforget that youre wearing it! Use it at work or at playAnd if your hearing problem

24、 IS worse in certain situations，use Crystal Ear only when you need it Hearing loss，which occurs typically prior to teenage years，progresses throughout ones1ifetimeAlthough hearing loss is now the worlds number one health problem，nearly 90 percent of people suffering hearing loss choose to leave the

25、problem untreatedFor many millions，treating hearing loss in a conventional way can involve numerous office visits，expensive testing and adjustments to fit your earThanks to Crystal Ear，the“sound solution”is now convenientAlmost 90 percent of people with mild hearing 10SS，and millions more with just

26、a 1ittle hearing dropoff(下降)，can be dramatically helped with Crystal EarMoreover, its superior design is energyefficient，so batteries can last monthsCrystal Ear is now available to help these peopletreat their hearing 10SS with a smallhearing amplifier(放大器)31 Initially the writer did not want to buy

27、 a hearing aid because A it would make him look old B It would make him nervous C it was too expensive D it was oldstyled32 Which of the following is NOT true of Crystal Ear? A It is highly sensitive B It is powerful C It is invisible D It is wireless33 One special feature of Crystal Ear is that A y

28、ou can control its volume B you neednt take it off everyday C it is solar-poweredD it saves power34 According to the passage，hearing loss is A only a minor health problem B the worlds most common health problem C merely，a teenage disease D an incurable disease35 Many people leave their hearing probl

29、em untreatedbecause A it is not serious B Crystal Ear is not yet available C it is not easy to have it treated D they dont want to look old第二篇New USPlan for Disease Prevention Urging Americans to take responsibility for their health，Health and Human ServicesSecretary Tommy Thompson on Tuesday launch

30、ed a$1 5 million program to try to encouragecommunities to do more to prevent chronic diseases like heart disease，cancer and diabetes (糖尿病)。 The initiative highlights the COSTS of chronic diseasesthe leading causes of death in theUnited States-and outlines ways that people can prevent them，including

31、 better diet andincreased exercise “In the United States today,7 of 1 0 deaths and the vast majority of serious illness，disabilityand health care costs are caused by chronic diseases，”the Health and Human Servicesdepartment said in a statement The causes are often behavioral-smoking，poor eating habi

32、ts and a lack of exercise “I am convinced that preventing disease by promoting better health is a smart policy choicefor our future”Thompson told a conference held to launch the initiative Our current health care system is not structured to deal with the rising costs of treatingdiseases that are lar

33、gely preventable through changes in our lifestyle choices” Thompson said heart disease and strokes will cost the country more than$35 1 billion in “These leading causes of death for men and women are largely preventable，yet we as anation are not taking the steps necessary for US to lead healthier, l

34、onger lives，”he said The$1 5 million is designed to go to communities to promote prevention，pushing forchanges as simple as building sidewalks to encourage people to walk more Daily exercise such as walking can prevent and even reverse heart disease and diabetes，andprevent cancer and strokes The mon

35、ey will also go to community organizations，clinics and nutritionists who are being encouraged to work together to educate people at risk of diabetes about what they card do to prevent it and encourage more cancer screening The American Cancer Society estimates that half of all cancers Can be caught

36、by screening，including Pap tests(巴氏实验)for cervical(子宫颈旳)cancer mammograms(乳房X线照片)for breast cancer, colonoscopies (结肠镜检查)，and prostate(前列腺旳)checks If such cancers were all caught by early screening，the group estimates that the survival ratefor cancer would rise to 95 percent36 Which of the following

37、 is NOT true of chronic diseases in the US? A They account for 70of all deaths B They are responsible for most of the health care costs C They often result in unhealthy lifestyles D They are largely preventable37 The author mentions all the following ways of disease prevention EXCEPT A better diet B

38、 increased exercise C less smoking D more frequent hand washing38 The passage indicates that spending more money on disease prevention will mean A greater responsibility of the government B less need for input、into treatment C higher costs of health care D more lifestyle choices for people 39 The pu

39、rpose of the,S15 million program is to A promote disease prevention B build more highways C help poor communities D wipe out chronic diseases40 Early cancer screening Can help reduce significantly A the death rates for a11 chronic diseases B the kinds of cancer attacking people C the incidence rate

40、for cancer D the death rate for cancer ”第三篇The Body Thieves In the early nineteenth century in Britain，many improvements were being made in theworld of medicineDoctors and Surgeons were becoming more knowledgeable about the humanbodyIllnesses that had been fatal a few years before were now curableHo

41、wever, Surgeons hadone problemThey needed dead bodies to cut up，or dissect(解剖)This was the only way thatthey could learn about the flesh and bones inside the body。and the only way to teach newsurgeons to carry out operations 、 The job of finding these dead bodies was carried out by an unpleasant gro

42、up of peoplecalled“body snatchersThey went into graveyards(坟场)at night and，using wooden shovelsto make less noise。dug up any recently buried bodiesThen they took the bodies to the medicalschools and sold themA body could be sold for between5 and10，which was a lot of moneyat that timeThe doctors who

43、paid the body snatchers had all agreement with tthemthey neverasked any questionsThey did not desire to know where the bodies came from，as long as theykept arriving The most famous of these body snatchers were two men from Edinburgh called WilliamBurke and William HareBurke and Hare were different b

44、ecause they did not just dig Up bodiesfrom graveyardsThey got greedy and thought of all easier way to find bodiesInstead ofdigging them up，they killed the poorer guests in Hares small hotelDrKnox，the respectedsurgeon they worked for, never asked why all the bodies they brought him had been strangled

45、(勒死) 一 For many years Burke and Hare were not caught because，unsurprisingly, the bodies of theirvictims were never found by the policeThey were eventually arrested and put on trial in 1 829.The judge showed mercy to Hare and he was released but Burke Was found guilty and hispunishment was to be hang

46、edAppropriately, his body Was given to the medical school and heended up on the dissecting table，just like his victimsIn one small way,justice was done Now，over 150 years later, surgeons do not need the help of criminals to learn their skillsHowever，the science of surgery could not have developed wi

47、thout their rather gruesome(令人毛骨悚然旳) help41 The problem facing British surgeons in the early 19thcenturywasthat A some illnesses remained incurable B few people were willing to work as surgeons C medical expenses were too high D dead bodies were not easily available42 The body snatchers used wooden

48、shovels because A they did not wish to spoil the dead bodies B they wanted to keep the bodies to themselves C they were afraid of being caught D they were careful not to disturb anyone43 Burk and Hare differed from other body snatchers in that A they got other people to dig up bodies for them B they

49、 sold the bodies only to one surgeon C they dug up bodies not just from graveyards D they resorted to murder to get bodies44 The bodies of Burkes and Hares victims couldnt be found by the police because A they had been stolen B they had been strangled C they had been dissected D they had been buried

50、45 The body thieves contributed in their gruesome way to A medical advancementB，legal progressC social stabilityD material wealth第5部分：补全短文 (第4650题，每题2分，共10分) 阅读下面旳短文，文章中有5处空白，文章背面有6组文字，请根据文章旳内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应旳位置上。The Dangers of Secondhand Smoke Most people know that cigarette

51、 smoking is harmful to their healthScientific researchshows that it causes many kinds of diseasesIn fact，many people who smoke get lung cancelHowever, Edward Gilson has lung cancer, and he has never smoked cigarettesHe lives with hiswife，Evelyn，who has smoked about a pack of cigarettes a day through

52、out their marriage (46) No one knows for sure why Mr.Gilson has lung cancerNevertheless，doctors believe thatsecondhand smoke may cause lung cancer in people who do not smoke because nonsmokersoften breathe in the smoke. from other peoples cigarettes (47)The USEnvironmental Protection Agency reports

53、that about 53，000 people die in the United States eachyear as a result of exposure to secondhand smoke The smoke that comes from a lit cigarette contains many different poisonous chemicalsInthe pastscientists did not也ink that these chemicals could harm a nonsmokers health (48)They discovered that ev

54、en nonsmokers had unhealthy amounts of these toxic(有毒旳)chemicals in their bodiesAs a matter of fact，almost all of US breathe tobacco smoke attimes，whether we realize it or notFor example，we cannot avoid secondhand smoke inrestaurants，hotels and other public placesEven though many public places have

55、nonsmokingareas，smoke flows in from the areas where smoking is permittedIt iS even harder for children to avoid secondhand smoke (49)Research showsthat children who are exposed to secondhand smoke are sick more often than children who livein homes where no one smokes and that the children of smokers

56、 are more than twice as likely todevelop lung cancer when they are adults as are children of nonsmokersThe risk is even higherfor children who live in homes where both parents smokePeople are becoming very aware of the dangers of secondhand smoke (50)A Recently，though，scientists changed their opinio

57、n after they studied a large group ofnonsmokersB The Gilsons have been married for 35 yearsC 111is smoke is called secondhand smokeD However, secondhand smoke is dangerous to all people，old or youngE As a result，they have passed laws which prohibit people from smoking in many publicplaces F In the U

58、nited States，nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at leastone smoker第6部分：完形填空 (第51-65题，每题1分，共15分) 阅读下面旳短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文旳内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应旳位置上。Can Loud Music Cause Hearing Impairment(损伤)?Have You ever gone to a concert and realized that your seats were ri

59、ght next to the boomingspeakers? Are you guilty(51)turning up the volume on your portable cassette orCD player to drown out the whining(哭哭啼啼)of your little brother? Sometimes its difficultto avoid loud music or noises，but they can be bad news because loud noises can(52)temporary or permanent hearing

60、 lossExtremely loud music and noises that go on for long periods of (53) arecommon causes of deafnessIf a noise is so loud that you have to shout to make yourself (54)，there is a (55)that the mechanism inside your ear can be injuredTemporary hearing loss can happen after youve been (56)to loud noise