英语句子成分分析以及五种基本句型

1、关于英语句子成分分析及五种基本句型第一张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月主语(Subject)是全句谈论的中心话题找出下列句子的主语，并说出由什么词来充当1. Mr. Chen is a well-known scientist.2. He works very hard at school3. To go to a good university is his first goal.4. Doing morning exercise is good for your health._名词代词不定式动名词第二张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月谓语(Predicate)是回答主语

2、做什么,怎么了，位于主语后1. We love China.2. We have finished reading this book.3. He can speak English.4. She seems tired._第三张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月宾语(object)是动作的对象,目标 ;位于及物动词后.1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：He practices running every morning. 2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或助动词加动词相应形式构成。如：You may keep the book for two weeks. He has cau

3、ght a bad cold. （2）由系动词加表语构成。如：We are students. 第四张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月英语中那些成分可以充当宾语1. We often help him.2. He likes to play basketball.3. We enjoy listening to the music.4. She said that he felt sick.5. They are talking about the new student._代词名词动名词从句注意:位于介词之后的成分也被称之为宾语._第五张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月宾语补

4、足语是对宾语进行补充说明宾语和宾语补足语一起构成复合宾语1. They elected John monitor.2. We call him Iron Ox.3. The doctor told me to do more exercise.4. They made her happy.5. He is going to have hair cut.6. They saw a bird flying in the sky._ _哪些动词后需接复合宾语的？ask/ tell/ teach/ help/order sb to do let / make / have sb do第六张，PPT共三

5、十四页，创作于2022年6月英语中有一类词叫系动词,与系动词连用的叫系表结构,说明主语的状态,性质等.1. I am a teacher.2. They are on the playground.3. My job is teaching English.4. It gets cold.5. It sounds interesting._常见的系动词有be 动词,有get ,become, turn, grow 等表 “变得”的词, 和感官动词(除了sound你还能举例吗?)_第七张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月存在类:表示存在或具有某种特征或状态.这类连系动词强调存在。常见的有:

6、 (是), (看起来), (摸上去), (似乎是), (似乎、显得), (证明是), 闻起来), (尝起来), (听起来)等。持续类:表示某种情况或状态的持续。这类连系动词强调持续。常见的有: (依然), (保持), (保持), (继续、仍旧), (处于某状况或情形)等变化类:表示由一种情况或状态变化成另一种情况或状态。这类连系动词强调变化后的情况或状态.常见的有: (变成), (变成), (变得), (变得)等。第八张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月连系动词存在类:表示存在或具有某种特征或状态.这类连系动词强调存在。常见的有:be(是),look(看起来),feel(摸上去),see

7、m(似乎是),appear(似乎、显得),prove(证明是),smell(闻起来),taste(尝起来),sound(听起来)等。持续类:表示某种情况或状态的持续。这类连系动词强调持续。常见的有: remain(依然),keep(保持),stay(保持),continue(继续、仍旧),stand(处于某状况或情形)等变化类:表示由一种情况或状态变化成另一种情况或状态。这类连系动词强调变化后的情况或状态.常见的有:become(变成), turn(变成), grow(变得), go(变得)等。第九张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月定语是用来说名名词或代词性质特点的词找出下列句子的定语

8、，并说出由什么词来充当1. The black bike is mine.2. She is a chemistry teacher.3. The man in blue is my brother.4. The girl playing the piano is my younger sister.5. The lady who is wearing red dress is our new teacher._形容词介词短语分词从句名词_第十张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月1. The shortest distance between two points is a straig

9、ht line.2. We didnt meet anybody new at the meeting.3. The boy, tired, hungry and thirsty, fell down on the beach.4. He is a man suitable for the job. _你能归纳出定语的位置吗?_第十一张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月定语说明名词特点,性质; 状语则说明 动词何如何. 1. We often help him.2. I really dont like the food.3. He did his homework carefully

10、at home.4.Her mother goes out to do some shopping on Sunday.5. When I grow up, I am going to be a doctor._状语说明了动词的哪些方面的特点?_第十二张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月翻译下列句子：1. 小李回家后，立刻就睡觉去了。Xiao Li went to bed as soon as he came home.2. 我吃了饭就去了。Ill go when I have had my dinner.第十三张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月基本句型与高考书面表达第十四张，P

11、PT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月巩固练习：1冬季白天短，夜晚长2十五岁他就成为有名的钢琴家了。 3孩子们很少保持安静。 4她的工作是在幼儿园里照看儿童。In winter, the days are short and the nights are long.At the age of fifteen, he became a famous pianist.Children seldom keep quiet. Her job is to look after the children in the nursery.第十五张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月5他失业了。 6树叶已经变

12、黄了7这个报告听起来很有意思He is out of work. The leaves have turned yellow.The report sounds interesting第十六张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月主谓结构 本结构是由主语加不及物的谓语动词构成, 常用来表示主语的动作。如：The sun rises. Tom has already left. 主语可有修饰语-定语，谓语可有修饰语-状语。如: 1. The red sun rises in the east.2. So they had to travel by air or boat.3.We got up

13、 early so as to catch the first bus.4. She sat there alone, reading a novel.5. He came back when we were eating.6.Weak buildings will fall down in an earthquake, but strong ones may stay up.第十七张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月1她昨天回家很晚。 2会议将持续两个小时。 3在过去的十年里，我的家乡已经发生了巨大变化41919年，在北京爆发了“五.四”运动。 5每天八时开始上课。 6这个重五公斤。

14、1. She went home very late yesterday . 2. The meeting will last two hours.3. Great changes have taken place in my home town in the past ten years. 4. The May Fourth Movement broke out in Beijing in 1919. 5. Classes begin at eight every day. 6. This box weighs five kilos. 第十八张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月7五年前

15、我住在北京。8秋天有些鸟飞到南方去。 9我的爷爷早晨起得很早。 10. 每天下午有许多学生到图书馆来借书。 9. My grandfather gets up early in the morning. 10.Every afternoon a lot of students come to the library to borrow books.8.In autumn, some birds fly to the south. 7.I lived in Beijing five years ago.第十九张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月主谓宾结构 本结构是由主语+及物的谓语动词+宾

16、语构成。 宾语成分的多样化使得这一结构异常复杂。如：1. Tom made a hole in the wall. 2. I dont know if he can come tomorrow. 3. They havent decided where to go next. 4. She stopped teaching English two years ago. 5. It took them ten years to build the dam. 7. Mother promises to give me a present.第二十张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月巩固练习：1

17、昨晚我写了一封信。 2今天下午我想同你谈谈。 3这本书他读过多次了。 4他们成功地完成了计划。 5那位先生能流利地说三种语言。 1. I wrote a letter last night.2. I want to talk with you this afternoon.3. He has read this book many times.4. They have carried out the plan successfully.5. That gentleman can speak three languages fluently.第二十一张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月6我

18、收到了笔友从澳大利亚寄来的信。 7Jim 还不会自己穿衣服。 8我们大家都相信Jack 是一个诚实男孩。 9. 他不知道说什麽好。 10. 我开窗户你在意吗？ 6. I received a letter from my penfriend in Australia.7. Jim cannot dress himself.8. All of us believe that Jack is an honest boy. 9. He did not know what to say.10. Do you mind my opening the window?第二十二张，PPT共三十四页，创作于20

19、22年6月英语基本句型4 双宾语结构 说明：此结构由“主语+及物谓语动词+间接宾语（人）+直接宾语（事物）”组成。如： He brings me cookies every day.但若要先说出直接宾语（事物），后说间接宾语（人），则要借助于介词to或for。如： He brings cookies to me every day. She made a beautiful dress for me.用to侧重指动作的方向，表示朝着，向着，对着某人。用for 侧重指动作的受益者，表示为了某人，替某人。常跟双宾语的动词有：（需借助to的）bring, give, lend, hand, offe

20、r, pass, pay, promise, return, send, show, teach, tell, write, ask等；（需借助for 的） buy, call, cook, choose, draw, find, get, make, order, sing, save, spare等。第二十三张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月巩固练习：1Johnson 先生去年教我们德语。 2奶奶昨晚给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。 3请把那本字典递给我好吗？ 4他把车票给列车员看。 5我替你叫辆出租汽车好吗？6新式机器将会为你节省许多劳动。7他用他的第一个月工资给他妈妈买了一件毛衣。第

21、二十四张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月1.Mr Johnson taught us German last year. 2.Grandma told me an interesting story last night. 3.Would you please pass me the dictionary? 4.He showed the ticket to the conductor. 5.Shall I call you a taxi? 6.The new machine will save you a lot of labour. 7.He bought a new coat f

22、or his mother with his first months salary.第二十五张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月英语基本句型5 复合宾语结构 说明: 此结构由“主语+及物的谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语”构成。宾语与宾语补足语之间有逻辑上的主谓关系或主表关系，若无宾语补足语，则句意不够完整。可以用做宾补的有：名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，动词不定式，分词等。如： The sun keeps us warm. I heard him singing.You must get your hair cut. They made Tom monitor.He used to do

23、his homework with his radio on. 用 it 做形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放到宾语补足语的后面，以使句子结构平衡，是英语常用的句型结构方式。即：主语+谓语+it+宾补+真正宾语。如：I found it very pleasant to be with your family.第二十六张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月巩固练习：1我们叫她Alice. 2我们大家都认为他是诚实的。 3他们把小偷释放了。 4我要你把真相告诉我。 5 .卫兵命令我们立即离开。 6. 每天早晨我们都听到他大声朗读英语。 7他每个月理一次发8我们不会让她在晚上外出的。 We call

24、her Alice. All of us considered him honest.They have set the thief free. I want you to tell me the truth. The guards ordered us to leave at once. Every morning we hear him read English aloud. He has his hair cut every month. We wont let her go out at night. 第二十七张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月9那可怕的声音把孩子们吓坏了 10

25、她正在听人家讲故事。11我从来没看见这个字这样用过。 12他感到很难跟你交谈。 13我认为有可能用另一种方法解题。 14学校定了一条规则，开始上课时学生要起立。 The terrible sound made the children frightened. She is listening to someone telling stories. I have never seen the word used that way before. He felt it very difficult to talk with you. I consider it possible to work o

26、ut the problemin another way. The school made it a rule that the students should stand up when class begins. 第二十八张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月英语基本句型6 There be 句型 说明： 此句型是由“there+be+主语+状语”构成，用以表达存在关系可以称“有”。 它其实是倒装的一种情况，主语位于谓语动词 be 之后，there 仅为引导词，并无实际语意。 此句型有时不用be动词，而用 live, stand, come, go, lie, remain, exis

27、t, arrive等。如： There stands a hill in the middle of the park. Once upon a time there lived an old king in the town.第二十九张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月 Be 与其后的主语在人称和数量上一致，有时态和情态变化。如： 现在有 there is/are 过去有 there was/were 将来有 there will be；there is /are going to be. 现在已经有 there has/have been 可能有 there might be. 肯定有 there must be /there must have been. 过去曾经有 there used to be 似乎有 there seems/seem/seemed to be 碰巧有 there happen/happens/happened to be 第三十张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月巩固练习：1