商务英语翻译授课教案 第六单元

1、PAGE 第 页章 序名 称第六单元 词类转换翻译法周 次第 6 周授课时间2017年9月25日至2017年10月1日教学目的要求1. 理解商务英语翻译中的词类转换翻译法2. 掌握商务英语翻译中的词类转换翻译法教学重点商务英语翻译中的词类转换翻译法教学难点商务英语翻译中的词类转换翻译法教学场所环境多媒体教室授 课方 式课堂讲授（）； 实验（ ）； 实践（ ）；双语（ ）课时分配2教 学方 法课堂讲授教学手段网络教学（ ）； 多媒体（）教 学用 具黑板，课件，多媒体教学内容提要备 注Review (5 mins)Is omission necessary in business English

2、translation?How to use omission in business English translation?Lead-in (5 mins)Exercisee.g. Accounting includes the design of accounting systems, preparation of financial statements, audits, cost studies, development of forecasts, income tax work, computer applications to accounting processes, and

3、the analysis and interpretation of accounting information as an aid to making business decisions.译文：会计包括设计会计制度，准备财务报表、审计账目和成本研究报告，展开预测工作、个人所得税工作和计算机对会计程序的运用，分析和解释有助于制定商业决策的会计信息。Explaining (40 mins)这种改变表达方式的做法叫做变通翻译法。变通翻译法所采用的技巧就是视角转换（shift of perspective）。视角转换的形式（1）词类转换；（2）句子成分转换；（3）表达方式转换；（4）自然语序同倒

4、装语序之间的转换；（5）正面表达同反面表达之间的转换；（6）主动句式同被动句式之间的转换；（7）不同分句（含主句与从句）之间的转换，等等。 所谓词类转换翻译法，就是指在翻译中，将源语中属于一种词类的词语翻译成目的语中属于另一种词类的词语的翻译方法。（张新红，李明，2003:54）英语频繁使用名词，属名词化表达法（nominalization），而汉语频繁使用动词，属动词化表达法（verbalization），例如： e.g. Rockets have found application for the exploration of the universe.原译：火箭已找到了宇宙探索的应用。转

5、换词性后：火箭已经用来探索宇宙。此句中application 是由动词apply派生出来的，exploration由动词explore派生而来，在译成汉语时都可转化为动词。英汉翻译中，词类转换有以下几种情况： （一）英语名词、介词、形容词或副词有转换成汉语动词的倾向；e.g. Among developing countries, China has been the largest recipient of foreign investment, averaging about $40 billion per year during the late 1990s. Membership in

6、 the World Trade Organization has further resulted in even higher levels.译文：membership入世（名词动词）1.具有动作意义的英语名词转换为汉语动词 （名词动词）英语中大量由动词派生的名词和具有动作意义的名词可转译成汉语动词。 e.g. For Westerners in China, the establishment of an effective team of managers means attracting and retaining both expatriate and local manageme

7、nt talent. 译文：对于生活在中国的西方人来说，建立一支有效的管理人员队伍意味着同时吸引并留住来自海外的管理人才和本地的管理人才。 e.g. Some power plants are under construction.译文：几个发电厂正在建造中。e.g. I am not a smoker.译文：我不抽烟。e.g. In the early 1600s, the Hollanders were great farmers.译文：十七世纪初，荷兰人种田在行。 2.英语动名词转换为汉语动词（名词动词）e.g. One of our ways for getting heat is b

8、urning fuels.译文：我们获得热的一种方法是燃烧燃料。e.g. Heating water does not change its chemical composition.译文：把水加热不会改变水的化学成分。3.英语形容词转换为汉语副词 (形容词+名词副词+动词)英语句中名词在翻译过程中转换为动词后，原来修饰名词的形容词，相应变换为副词。 e.g. All peace-loving people demand the complete prohibition and thorough destruction of nuclear weapons. 译文：一切爱好和平的人民都要求全面

9、禁止核武器,彻底销毁核武器。e.g. We must make full use of existing technical equipment.译文：我们必须充分利用现有技术设备。 4.英语形容词转换为汉语动词 （形容词动词）有些英语中的形容词与系词构成复合谓语，译成汉语时转换为动词。这些英语形容词的涵义是表示思维、情感、欲望、知觉等心理状态。如： e.g. Doctors have said that they are not sure they can save his life.译文：医生们说他们不敢肯定能否救得了他的命。e.g. As you are aware that.译文：你们

10、都了解 5.英语介词转换为汉语动词（介词动词）英语中有许多含有动作意味的介词，如across, past, along, toward 等，汉译时往往可以译成动词。 如： e.g. “Coming!” Away she skimmed over the lawn, up the path, up the steps, across the veranda, and into the porch 译文：“来啦！”她转身蹦着跳着地跑了，越过草地，跑上小径，跨上台阶，穿过凉台，进了门廊。e.g. The oil in the tank has been up.译文：油箱中的油用完了。e.g. Thi

11、s computer is of high sensibility.译文：这台计算器具有很高的灵敏度。（二）英语动词、副词有转换成汉语名词、形容词的倾向；e.g. We are much impressed with the capacity of your company and very willing to sign a new contract covering substantial quantity.译文：我方对贵公司的生产能力印象非常深刻，很愿意同贵方签订新的数量可观的合同。（动词名词）6.英语动词转换为汉语名词（动词名词）英语中有很多由名词派生的动词，以及由名词转用的动词，在汉

12、语中往往找不到相应的动词，这时可将其译成汉语名词。例如：e.g. Formality has always characterized their relationship.译文一：礼节总是使他们的关系富于特色。译文二：他们之间的关系，有一个特点，就是以礼相待。（动词名词）7.英语副词转换为汉语形容词 (副词+动词形容词+名词) 在翻译过程中，由于动词变为名词，原来修饰动词的副词，相应变为形容词。e.g. Our proposal was warmly welcomed by all the representatives.译文：我们的提议得到了全体代表的热烈欢迎。e.g. The elect

13、ronic computer is chiefly characterized by accuracy and quick computation.译文：电子计算机的主要特点是运算准确迅速。e.g. The wide application of electronic computers affects tremendously the development of science and technology.译文：电子计算机的广泛应用，对科学技术的发展有极大的影响。8.英语副词转换为汉语形容词 （副词形容词）英语句中副词用在名词前或后，在意义上相当于定语，译成汉语时这种副词变为形容词。e.

14、g. The power plant supplies the inhabitants sixty li about with electricity.译文：这个电厂供电给周围六十里的居民。e.g. The buildings around are mostly of modern construction.译文：附近的建筑物大部分是现代化的。（三）英语名词有转换成汉语动词、形容词、副词的倾向；e.g. There is every possibility that some price cut will justify itself for an increase in business.译

15、文：一定程度的减价很有可能是通过增加销售量来平衡它。（形+名副+形）9.英语名词转换为汉语形容词 （名词形容词）英语中有些抽象名词前加不定冠词，用作表语时，常译作汉语中的形容词。例如：e.g. The maiden voyage of the newly-built steamship was a success.译文：那艘新建轮船的处女航是成功的。e.g. He is a stranger to the operation of the electronic computer.译文：他对电子计算机的操作是陌生的。（四）英语形容词有转换成汉语名词、动词的倾向。10.英语形容词转换为汉语名词 （

16、形容词名词）英语形容词转换为汉语名词，一般形容词前加定冠词。e.g. After careful treatment the deaf have recovered their hearing.译文：经过悉心治疗后，聋人恢复了他们的听觉。e.g. More rooms are being built to accommodate the sick.译文：正在建造更多的病房来收容病员。 4. Practice / Exercises (25 mins)Practice on Conversion of Part of Speech:1. We put forward for your consi

17、deration an offer for our new products, and hope you will take advantage of this opportunity.2. The nations tax authorities have no authority to tax foreign corporations whose core business is not conducted in this country.3. We contract interest rate swap agreements to manage our exposure to change

18、s in interest rates and lower our overall costs of financing.4. There is an over-supply because people have been putting their goods from stock on the market.5. Discussion (10 mins) How to apply the conversion of part of speech in business English translation?6. Summary+Homework (5 mins)ExercisesGrasp the business terms复习思考题1. How to apply the conversion of part of speec