七年级英语译林版上册Unit2-词句精讲精练

1、Unit 2 Let s play sports!词句精讲精练【词汇精讲】likelike 是及物动词，意为“喜欢，喜爱” 。后面可以跟名词或者代词作宾语，也可以跟动词不定式(to do)或者动名词(doing)作宾语。跟“to do”作宾语时，表示某一次的行为倾向，跟doing”作宾语时表示一种习惯或者爱好。例如：I like English. 我喜欢英语。 (名词作宾语)Usually I like doing my homework after supper, but today I like to watch TV.我通常喜欢晚饭后做作业，但是今天我想看电视。 (动名词和动词不定式作宾

2、语)【拓展】like 还可以作名词，表示“爱好，喜好” ，常用于复数形式，它的反义词是dislike 。例如：Please tell me your likes and dislikes. 请告诉我你的好恶。walkwalk 作动词，意为“走，步行” ，可与 on foot 进行同义转换。例如：He walks to work every day. = He goes to work on foot every day. 他每天步行去上班。【拓展】walk 还可作可数名词，意为“走，步行” ，尤指为娱乐或运动所作的“散步” ，常构成短语：take/have a walk 散步 go for a

3、 walk 去散步 go out for a walk 出去散步talk about sth.talk是不及物动词，意为“谈话，讲话”。常用短语：talk about sb./ sth.谈论某人/某事；talk to sb.和某人谈论； talk with sb. 和某人交谈。例如：Dont talk to me while I m studying. 在我学习时不要和我说话。They are talking about a movie. 他们在谈论一部电影。playerplayer是可数名词，意为“运动员”，它是由动词play +后缀-er构成的名词。例如：Who s your favori

4、te basketball player? 谁是你最喜欢的篮球运动员？【拓展】 表示职业或身份的名词小结：以 -ist 结尾的有：pianist 钢琴家 chemist 化学家 violinist 小提琴家physicist 物理学家scientist 科学家(2)以-er, -r或-or结尾的有：teacher 教师 painter 画家 writer 作家 singer 歌唱家 visitor 参观者actor 演员 engineer 工程师 inventor 发明家 professor 教授 reporter 记者以 -man 结尾的有：postman 由B递员policeman 警察

5、businessman 商人 spaceman 宇航员fisherman 渔夫dustman 清洁工以 -ian 结尾的有：musician 音乐家politician 政治家look stronglook 在此作连系动词，表示“看起来，看上去” ，后面要跟形容词或名词作表语。例如：Her mother looks very young. 她妈妈看起来很年轻。【拓展】look 还可以是行为动词，意为“看” ，指看这个动作，是一个不及物动词。例如：Look at the blackboard, please! 请看黑板！What are you looking at? 你在看什么？look 还可

6、以做名词，用于一些词组中。例如： have a look 看一看alsoalso是副词，意为“也”。通常用于实义动词前，连系动词和助动词之后。例如：He is also a student.他也是一位老师。【拓展】also; too与either都有也”的意思，但用法不同：also用于肯定句，位置通常位于句中，比too更为正式。例如：I also go to work by bike. 我也骑自行车上班。too用于肯定句且置于句末，其前用逗号隔开；在简略答语中too常置于代词的宾格形式之后。例如：一Tom likes music and Mary does, too.汤姆喜欢音乐，玛丽也喜欢。

7、一Me, too.我也是。Jack is a worker, too. Jack 也是工人。either用于否定句且置于句末，其前用逗号隔开。例如：He cant swim. I cant swim, either. 他不会游泳，我也不会。enjoyenjoy是及物动词，意为“喜爱；享受的乐趣”，后接动词的-ing形式作宾语，不接动词不定式。例如：I enjoy working with you very much.与你工作我很愉快。【拓展】enjoy oneself意为玩得开心；过得愉快”，相当于have fun/have a good time。例如：Do you enjoy yourse

8、lf at the party? = Do you have fun/have a good time at the party? 你在聚会上玩得开心吗？hopehope意为希望”，用于表示有可能实现的愿望， 其后可接不定式， 即：hope to do sth.意为“希 望(自己)做某事”；若表达“希望别人做某事” 时则需用hope + that从句，不能用hope sb. to do sth. 的结构。例如：I hope you can pass the exam.我希望你能通过考试。I hope to go to Tibet some day in the future. 我希望将来有一天

9、去西藏。【拓展】hope与wish的辨析：soto do sth. 注意：没有 hope sb. to do sth.的用法hope + that从句表本很有可能实现的主观愿望for sth.厂 sb. to do sth. 能接sb.的复合结构sb. sth.能接双宾语wish + 一to do sth. 可与 hope互换J that从句用虚拟语气表示不太可能实现的愿望My mother wishes/hopes to find her lost watch somewhere.我妈妈希望在什么地方找到她丢失的手表。I wish you to finish the work in time

10、.我希望你及时完成这项工作。ask sb. about sth.ask sb. about sth意为“询问某人有关某事；向某人打听某事”。例如：My father often calls me up and asks me about my study.爸爸经常给我打电话，询问我的学习情况。【拓展】ask sb. sth. “问某人某事” 。例如：Can I ask you some questions? 我能问你一些问题吗？ask sb. to do sth.“ 让某人做某事” ， 其否定形式为 ask sb. not to do sth“. 让某人不要做某事”。例如：I often as

11、k him to help me with my housework. 我经常让他帮助我做家务。My mother asked me not to read in the sun. 妈妈让我不要在太阳下看书。ask for sth. “请求某事，要某物” ，相当于 want sth. 例如：Please ask for help if you have some problems. 如果你有问题，请寻求帮助。ask sb. for sth. “向某人要某物” 。例如：If you don t find the way to the school, please ask a policeman

12、for help.如果你找不到去学校的路，请向警察求助。elseelse意为“另外的，其他的“，无比较级，常用在 who; whose; what等疑问代词及 when; where 等疑问副词之后；也放在 some; any； no 与 body; thing; where 等构成的词之后。例如：Would you like anything else to drink? 你还想喝点别的什么吗？What else do you want to say? 你还想说点别的什么吗？I m going to take you somewhere else.要带你去另1J处。【词汇精练】I. 根据句意

13、及首字母或汉语提示写出句中所缺单词。I have a d. I hope to visit the USA someday.My parents ereading newspaper after supper.I want to join the English cto practice English.Li Na is a good tennis p.He is a ( 成员 ) of the basketball team.Reading book is ( 乐事 ).What ( 其他 ) do you like?I ( 希望 ) you will come tomorrow.In hi

14、s ( 空余的 ) time, he likes listening to music.There is a football ( 比赛 ) this afternoon.英汉互译。1. play sports 2. 一天许多次3. 谈论 4. 去游泳 5. a member of 6. 实现 7. 在某人空闲时间 8. want to do sth. 9. hope to do sth. 10. enjoy doing sth. III. 根据句意，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。Amy is good at (draw).Mille (do) morning exercises every

15、 day.Let s go (swim) after school.He goes to the library many (time) a week.My grandpa enjoys (listen) to the radio.Music makes me (feel) great.He hopes (become) a member of the music club.He wants me (go) with him.Does Daniel (get) up at 6:30 every morning?What about (watch) TV at home?【句式精讲】What a

16、boutWhat about意为怎么样？“，可用来询问有关情况、提出建议或征求意见等。about是介词，后面接名词、代词或动名词，即：what about + sb./sth. (可接表示人或物的名词及代词 )what about + doing sth.例如： What about sitting in the garden? 在花园里坐坐怎么样？I m going to the park. What about you? 我要去公园，你呢？What about your exam last week, Tom? Tom ，你上周考试怎么样？ 【拓展】What about？与How abou

17、t通常可以互换，后接名词、代词或动名词，但不能接动词不定式或 动词原形。go doing sth.“go+动词-ing形式”表示“去做某事”，常用于从事某一项体育活动或休闲娱乐活动，动名词前 面不能用 some 或其他表示数量概念的词语修饰，常见的短语有：go bike riding 骑自行车远行go shopping 去买东西go swimming 去游泳go walking 去散步go dancing 去跳舞go sightseeing 去观光go skating 去滑冰go boating 去划船go climbing 去登山go hiking 去远足【拓展】动词do后跟动名词形式构成短

18、语，动名词作do的宾语，具有名词性质，可以用some或the修饰。例如：do some reading 阅读 do some washing 洗涮 do some cooking 做饭do some swimming 游泳 do some speaking 多说 do some listening 多听make sb. + adj. make作使役动词，意为使；让”讲时，常构成 make +宾语(sb./sth.) +形容词/名词(作宾补) ，即 make sb. / sth. + adj ./n. 。例如：What he said makes us happy. 他所说的话使我们很高兴。We

19、 made John our monitor. 我们选约翰当班长。【拓展】make 作使役动词， 还可后接省略to 的动词不定式， 即： make sb. do sth. 意为 “使 /让某人做某事”类似的动词还有let, have等。例如：The boss made them work for long time. 老板让他们长时间工作。They made us forget past. 他们使我们忘记了过去。want to do sth.want 动词，意为“想要，需要” ，其后可接名词、动词不定式等。常用于以下结构：want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事例如：He wan

20、ts me to play with him. 他想让我和他一起玩。want to do sth. 想要做某事例如：I want to have a rest. 我想要休息一下。want sth. 想要某物 例如：She wants a cup of tea. 她想要一杯茶。【拓展】want 后接动词不定式时，相当于would like 。 want (sb.) to do sth.=would like (sb.) to do sth.动名词作主语动名词作主语时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。例如：Swimming is good for our health. 游泳对我们的健康有益。【拓展

21、】动名词和不定式都可以作主语，但在用法上有区别：（1）不定式作主语通常表示一次性、未来的且具体的特指动作，而动名词作主语通常表示习惯 性、经常性和不具体的泛指动作。例如：Walking is a good form of exercise for both the young and the old.步行对年轻人和老年人来说都是一种好的锻炼形式。To carry the heavy box is not easy for the boy.对这个男孩来说，搬这个箱子是不容易的。（2）动名词作主语和不定式作主语有时可以互换。例如：Playing with fire is dangerous. =

22、To play with fire is dangerous.玩火是危险的。【句式精练】I.句型转换，每空一词。My brother does his homework at school.（ 改为否定句 ）My brother his homework at school.Li Hua is 22 years 01d.（对划线部分提问）is Li Hua?I am in our school football team.（ 改为同义句 ）I am our school football team.Yao Ming plays basketball very well.（改为同义句）Yao M

23、ing playing basketball.David likes sports.（改为一般疑问句）David sports?Do they enjoy the lessons?（作否定回答）, they.What other things do you often do?（改为同义句）do you often do?She likes playing tennis.（改为同义句）She playing tennis.We dont know how to have a good time.（改为同义句 ）We dont know how to.The children play games after school.（把主语改为单数）The games after school.完成句子，每空一词。.我希望他梦想成真。I his dream.他想去购物。He go. Mike是我们班的新成员。Mike is a new our class. Tom看起来很强壮。Tom.周末你经常做什么？What you often at weekend?.我最喜爱的运动是足球，你呢？My is football.you?. Amy喜欢看电视和听音乐。Amy TV and to music.他们经常去我们学校附近游泳。They often near our school.【参考答案】I.