考卷类0414全国各地市高考真题2012年卷

1、2012 年普通高等学校招生英 语（卷）本试卷共 16 页，共 150 分，时长 120 分钟。考生务必将答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：理解（共三节，30 分）第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 7.5 分）听下面 5 段或独白。每段或独白后有一道小题，从每题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段或独白后，你将有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段或独白你将听一遍。例：What is the man going to read?A newspA magazineA book是 A。r1.Who answere

2、d the phone？A. MikeB. HenryC. Tom2.Whats the womans favorite food?A. Italian.When does the A. 5:18am.B. Chi.C.n3.flight arrive in Detroit?B.6:10amC.8:50am4.What is the woman looking for?A. ZooB.ephoneC. Tennis court5.What will the weather be like at thekend?A. Cloudy.B. Snowy.C. Sunny第二节（共 10 小题，每小题

3、 1.5 分，共 15 分）听下面 4 段或独白，每段或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中或独白前，你将有 5 秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出或独白你将听两遍。选出最佳选项。听每段5 秒钟的作答时间。每段听第 6 段材料，回答第 6 至 7 题。6. Where are the two speakers?A.he hoB In a shop he end?B. $130C. In a restaurant7. How much did the man payA. $115.C. $140听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 9 题。What did the man

4、do lastWatched TV.kend?B. Stayed at home.C. Visited a friend9. What will the woman probably do thiskend?A. Play tennis.B. Do some shopC. Go to a dance听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。10. Where are the new houses?A. On the main road.B. Close to a bus sion.C. Near the sports center.11. What does the woman like

5、most about the new houses?A. The garden.B. The space.C. The quietness12. How does the man feel about the womanggestion?A. Delighted.B. Disappoed.C. Unerested.听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 15 题。13. What cant the students do withoueacher?A.B.C.Hold parties.Complete the Safety Sheet. Use any emergency equipment.14

6、. Why are the students asked to tie backing their loose hourhe lab?A.B.C.It may catch fireIt may cover their eyes.It may pass chemicals to their fa.15. What is the speeainly about?A.B.C.Laboratory regulations.Safety instructions.After-clasivities.第三节（共 5 小题：每小题 1.5 分，共 7.5 分）听下面的一段，完成第 16 至 20 五道小题，

7、每小题近填写一个词，听前，你将有 20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有 60 秒钟的作答时间，这段你将听两遍。第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分）第一节 单项填空（共 15 小题：每小题 1 分，共 15 分）从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。例：Its so nice to hear from her again _, we last met moren thirty years ago.A. Whats moreC. In other words是 D。21. Look at those clouds!B.ts to sayD

8、. Beve it or nott worry. _it rains, well still have a great time.ephone Cancellation Request FormAccount NameEdward16ephone No.17Home Phone PlanNonrefundable(不退款) 18 pre-paid planReason for Cancellation19houseCancellation Date Required209, by 5:00 pmA. Even ifB.As thoughC. In caseD. If only22. By th

9、e time you have finished this book, your meal cold.A. getsB. has gotC. will getD.is getting23. One learns a language by making mistakes and _them.A. correctsJerry did not differently.whyB. correctC.to correctD. correctingcould have expressed itregret giving the comment but felt heB. howC.tD. whether

10、25. Gee saidt he would come to school to see me the next day, but he .A. wouldntB. didntC. hasntD. hadntet all about eating or26. When deeply absorbed in work, _he often wad fsleA.ng.tB. whichC. where ks.C. UsedD. when27. _with care, one tin will last for sixA. UseMany people havesomeB. UsingD. To u

11、seneeds _.D. moreatedB. lesst type of blood; however, the blood bC. much29. Have you heard aboutt firehe market? Yes, fortunay no one _ _.A. hurtB. was hurtC. has hurtt followed.D. had been hurt30. Our friendship _quickly over theksA. had developedC. would developB. was develoD. developed31. _at the

12、 door before you enters my room, please.A. KnockB. KnockingC. KnockedD. To knock33. We _the difficulty together, but why didnt youl me?A. should faceC. could have facedB. might faceD. musve faced34. Do you think this shirt is too tight the shoulders?A. at35.A. isB. onC. toD. acrossndle the vase as i

13、f it made of steel.B. wereC. has beenD. had been第二节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Inspiration“Mama, when I grow up, Im going to be one of those!” I said this after seeing the CapitalDancing Company perform when I was three. It was thetimet my _36t

14、ook on a vividform and acted as something important to start my training. As I grew older and was 37_ tomore, myerestshe world of dance 38 varied butt little girls dream of somedaying a 39_he company never left me.he summer of 2005 when I was 18, Ireceived the phone call whiadet dream a _40 ; I beca

15、me a member of the company41back to 1925.As I look back ont day now, it surely42any sense of reality. I beve I stayed in ase of pleasant disbef43I was halfway through rehearsals (排练) on myday. Inever actually44to get the job. After being offered theition, I was compley45Iremember shaking with excite

16、ment.Though I was absoluy thrilled with the change, it did not come without its fair share of46through the strict rehearsal period of dancing six days ak, I found it vital to47up the material fast with every last bit of concentration. It ist extreme48to detail (细节)and stress on practicet set us49. T

17、o then follow those high-energy rehearsals50a busy show schedule of up to five performana day, I discovered a new 51_ of the words“hard work.” What I thought were my physical 52were pushed much further_53 . I learned to make each performance bettern the last.n I thoughtToday, when I look at the unbe

18、vable companyt I have the great 54 of being apart of, not only as a member, but as a dance captain, I see a _55s inspired not onlydevelop and grow-andgenerations of little girls but a splendid companyinspires people every day to follow their dreams.t continuesto8

19、.5.A. hobbyA connectedA. rarelyA. directorA. symbolA. bouncingA. lacksA. whileA. CaredA. motivatedA. challengesA. putA. AttentionA. apartA. overA. functionA. boundariesB. planB. expandedB. certainlyB. trainerB. memoryB. datingB. addsB. sinceB. ExpectedB. relaxedB. profitsB. mixC.

20、dreamD. wordD. extendedD. consistentlyD. dancerD. realityD. trackingD. bringsD. whenD. DecidedD. astonishedD. adventuresD. pickD. adapionD. back D.D. usageD. effortsC. exedC. probablyC. leaderC. truthC. turningC. makesC. untilC. AskedC. convincedC. advantagesC. buildC. attractionC. offC. withC. expr

21、esC. barriersC. properC. potentialC. traditionB. assoB. asideB. bytionB. meaningB. problemsB. perfectB. honorB. trendA. neA. talentsaryD.sibleD. responsibilityD. desireA. victory第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，共 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AThe Basics of MathMade Clear

22、Basic Mathrodustudents to the basic concepts of mathematics, as well as thefundamentals of more tricky areas. These 30 fantastic lectures are designed to provide studentswin understanding of arithmetic and to prepare them for Algebra(代数) and.The lessons in Basic Math cover every basic aspect of arit

23、hmetic. They also look o exponents(指数), the order of operations, and square roots. In addition to learning how to perform various mathematical operations, students discover why these operations work, how a particular mathematical topic relates to other branches of mathematics, and how these operatio

24、ns can be used practically.Basic Math starts from the relatively easier concepts and gradually moves on to the moretroublesome ones, so as to allow for steady and sure understanding of the material by students.The lectures offer students the chance to “make sense” of mathematical knowledget mayhave

25、seemed so frightening. They also help students prepare for college mathematics ande their anxiety about this amazingand compley understandablefield of study.By theof the course, students will have improved their understanding of basicmath. They will be able to clear away the mystery(神秘性) of mathemat

26、ics and face their studieswith more confidencen they ever imagined. In addition, they will strengthen their ability toaccept new and exciting mathematical challenges.Professor H. Siegel, honored by Kentucky Educationalevias “the best math teacherin America,” is a devoted teacher and has a gift for e

27、xplaining mathematical concepts in wayst make them seem clear and obvious. From the basic concrete ideas to the more abstractproblems, he is masteraking math lectures learner-friendr and less scary.With a PhD in Mathematics Education from Geia Se University, Dr. Siegel teachesmathematics at Central

28、Arizona College. His courses include various make-up classes and a number of lectures for future primary school teachers.If the course fails to provide complete satisfaction to you, you can easily exchange it for anyother courset we offer. Or you can get your money back.56. What does the course Basi

29、c Math mainly cover?A. Algebra.C. Arithmetic.B. College Mathematics.D. Mathematics Education.What benefits can students expect from Basic Math?Stronger imaginative ability.Additional presenion skills.More mathematical confidence.D. Greater chanofing teachers.What can we learn about Professor H. Sieg

30、el?He is a guest lecturer at Kentucky Educationalevi.B. He is tiver 30 lectures in Basic Math.C. He works in Geia Se University.raining teachers.D. He spelizes59. Where is the passage most likely to have been taken from?A. A news report.C. A lesson plan.B. A book reviewD. An advertisementBPeanuts to

31、 ThisProudly reading my words, I glanced around the room, only to find my classmates bearingbig son their faand tearsheir eyes. Confused, I glanced toward my stone-facedteacher. Having no choice, I slowly raised the report I had slaved over, ho“What could be causing everyone to act this way?”to hide

32、 myself.Quickly, I flashed back to the day Miss Lancelot gave me the task. This was therealtalk I receiveda man named Gey new school. It seemed simple: go on theernet and find information aboute Washington. Since my idea of history came from an ancient teacher inmy home country, I had never heard of

33、t name before. As I searched the name of this fellow,it became evidentt there were two peopearing the same name who looked compleydifferent! One inventeddreds of uses for peanuts, while the other led some sort of armyacross America. I stared at the screen, wondering which one my teacher meant. I cal

34、led mygrandfather for a golden piece of advice; flip (掷) a coin. Headstheder, and tailsthepeanuts guy. Ah! Tails, my report would be about the great man who invented peanut butter, Gee Washington Carver.ks later, standing before this unfriendly mass, I was totally lost. Oh well, I lowered thepr and

35、sat down at my desk, burning to find out what I hade wrong. As a classmatebegan his report, it all became clear, “My report is on Gee Washington, the man who startedthe American Revolution.” The whole world became quite! How could I knowt she meantt Gee Washington?Obviously, my grade was awful. Hear

36、tbroken but fearless, I decided to turn this around. Italked to Miss Lancelot, but she insisted: No re-dos; ngrade. I feltt the punishmentwas not justified, and I beved I deserved a second chance. Consequently, I threw myselfheartilyo my work for the rest of the school year. Ten months later,t chanc

37、e unfolded as Ifound myself sitting in the headmasters office with my grandfather, now having an entirelydifferent conversation. I sd and flashed back to the embarrassing momenthe beginningof the year as the headmaster informed me of my option to skip the sixth grade. Justice isst!60.What did the au

38、thors classmates think about his report?A. Controversial.C. Boring.B. Ridiculous.D. Puzzling.61.Why was the author confused about the task?A. He was unfamiliar wimerican history.B. He followed the advice and flipped a coin.C. He fot his teachers instruction.D. He was new at the school.The underlined

39、 word “burning” in Para. 3 probably means _.62.A. annoyedC. readyB. ashamedD. eager63.he end, the author turned things around _.A. by reng his taskthrough his own effortswith the help of his grandfatherunder the guidance of his headmasterC-making under StressDeciA new review based on a research show

40、st acute stress affects the way the brainconsiders the advantages and disadvantages, causing it to focus on pleasure and ignore thesible negative (的) consequenof a deci.The research suggestsways.t stress may change the way people make choiin predictable“Stress affects how people learn,” says Profess

41、or Mara Mather. “People learn better aboutitiveFor exn negativees under stress.”le, two recent studies looked at how people learned to connect images(影像)with either rewards or punishments. In one experiment, some of the participants were stressed by having to give a speech and do difficult math prob

42、lems in front of an audience; in the other, some were stressed by having to keep their hands in ice water. In both cases, thestressed participants remembered the rewarded material more accuray and the punishedmaterial less accurayn those who hadnt gone through the stress.This phenomenon is likely no

43、t surprising to anyho has tried to resist eatings orted withsmoking a cigarette while under stress at those moments, only the pleasure assosuch activities comes to mind. But the findings further suggestt stress may bring about adouble effect. Not only are rewarding experienremembered better, but neg

44、ativeconsequenare also easily recalled.The research also foundt stress appears to affect deci-making differentlyenand women. Whioth men and women tend to focus on rewards and less on consequenunder stress, their responses to risk turn out to be different.Men who had been stressed by the cold-water t

45、ask tended to take more risks in theexperiment while women responded in the opite way. In stressful situations in whichrisk-taking can pay owomen will win.ig, men may tend to do better, when caution weighs more, however,This tendency to slow down ande more cautious when decis are risky mightalso hel

46、p explain why women are less likely toe addictedn men: they may more oftenavoid making the risky choit eventually hardeno addiction.64.We can learn from the passaget people undrere tend to .A. keep rewards betterheir memoryB. recall consequenC. make risky decimore effortlesslys more frequentlyD. lea

47、rn a subject more effectivelyAccording to the research, stress affects people most probably65.heir _.A. ways of making choiC. tolerance of punishments The research has provedA. women find it easier to fallB. preference for pleasureD. responses to suggestions66.t in a stressful situation, _.o certain

48、 habitsB. men have a greater tendency to slow downC. women focus more onesD. men are more likely to take risksDWilderness“In wilderness(荒野) is the preservation of the world.” This is a famous saying from a writerregarded as one of the fathers of environmentalism. The frequency with which it is borro

49、wed mirrors a heated debate on environmental protection: whether to place wilderness at the heartof what is to be p.As John Sauv of Greenpeace UK pos out, there is a strong appeal in images of the wild,the untouched; moren anything else, they speak of the naturet many people value mostdearly. The ur

50、ge to leave the subject of such images untouched is strong, and the dangerexploiion(开发) brings to such landscs(景观) is real. Some of these wildernesses alsoperform functionst humans needthe rainforests, for exle, store carbon in vastties. To Mr. Sauv, these “ecosystem servi” far outweigh the gains fr

51、om exploiion.Lee Lane, a visiting fellow at the Hudson Institute, takes the oping view. Heacknowledgest wildernesses do provide useful servi, such as water conservation. Butt is not, he argues, a reason to avoid all human presence, orcommerl andindustrial exploiion. There are ever more people on the

52、 Earth, and they reasonably andrightfully want to have better lives, rathern merely struggle for survival. While the ways ofusing resourhave improved, there is still a growing need for raw materials, and somewildernesses contahem in abundance. If they can be tapped without reducing the servithose wi

53、ldernesses provide, the argument goes, and there is no further reason not to do so. Being untouched is not, in itself, a characteristic worth valuing above all others.I look forwards to seeing these views taken further, and to their being challenged by theotharticipants. One challenget suggests itse

54、lf to me ist both cases need to take onthe question of spiritual value a little more directly. And there is a practical question as towhether wildernesses can be exploited withourm.This is a topict calls for not only free expresof feelings, but also the guidance ofreason. Whatdeserves muition wilder

55、ness should enjoy in the preservation of the world obviouslyore serious thinking.67. John Sauv holdst_.many people value nature too muchexploiion of wildernesses is harmfulwildernesses provide humans with nesitiesD. the urge to develop the ecosystem servi68. What is the main idea of Para?is strongA.

56、 The exploiion is nesary for the poor people.B. Wildernesses cannot guarantee better use of raw materials.C. Useful serviof wildernesses are not the reason for no exploiion.D. All the characteristics concerning the exploiion should be treated equally.69. What is the authors attitude towards this deb

57、ate?A. Objective.C. Skeptical.B. Disapproving.D. Optimistic.70. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?A.B.C.D.CP: Central PoP: PoSp: Sub-po(次要点)C:第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。EmpathyLast year, researchers from the University of Michigan rep

58、ortedt empathy, the ability tounderstand otheople, among college students had dropped sharply over the past 10 years._71 Today, people spend more time alone and are less likely to join groups and clubs.Jennifer Freed, a co-director of a teen program, has another explanation. Turn on the TV, and youre showered with news and reality shows full of people fighting, competing, and generally treating