全国卷高二英语下学期期末考试分类汇编-语法填空

1、09语法填空Passage 1(2021 黑龙江绥化市第一中学高二期末)In a recent survey, 19 percent of teenagers said that they 1 (post) a comment online that they later regretted. The problem is that once something 2 (put) on the Internet, it can be difficult to delete. Even if youre able to do so, someone else 3 (probable) has al

2、ready taken a picture of your post. In addition, the content 4 (remove) from a Webpage can often be recovered, 5 (post) negative comments or images online is certainly best avoided, but thats not the only thing you should consider 6 it comes to your online behavior. Experts say its also important fb

3、r young people to earn a positive Internet reputation. You can do this by sharing positive content about the things youre most interested 7, This way, if someoneruns a search on you, the results will show them the content you most want them to see.Managing an online reputation can be 8 (challenge).

4、Remember that privacy (隐私)settings can be very helpful fbr this, so use them if theyre available. But most 9 (importance), be careful about 10you share-your future may depend on it.Passage 2(2022陕西咸阳高二期末)Yuan Longping, 11 was globally famous for developing the first hybrid rice strains, passed away

5、on May 22, 2021. As the “father of hybrid rice”, Yuan had devoted his life to the research of hybrid rice, which helped China feed nearly one-fifth of the worlds population with 12 (little) than 9 percent of the worlds total land.Yuan Longping was born into a poor family in 1930. As a boy he 13 (edu

6、cate) in many schools and was given the nickname, the student who asks questions”. From an early age he was so 14 (interest) in plants that he chose 15 (study) agriculture in college and graduated 16 Southwest Agricultural College in 1953. As a 17 (youth) teacher, he conducted a lot of experiments w

7、ith different types of rice, and finally cultivated(培育)a special species of rice plant that could give a higher yield than either of the original plants. Thanks to his research, the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger.When 18 (ask) about his dream, he said that he wanted to cu

8、ltivate rice as plump(饱满的)19 peanuts, and farmers can relax in the cool shadow of big rice plants. We 20 (memorize) him 行时，主语the world和influence为被动关系，使用被动语态，主语为单数名词，谓语动词使用第三人称单 数形式。故填 is influenced/is being influencedo.考查非谓语动词。句意同上。空处需填非谓语动词作定语，patients和affect为逻辑动宾关系，需用过 去分词形式。故填affected。.考查形容词比拟级。句

9、意：以下是关于国际护士节的更多细节。此处需填形容词作定语，表示“更多的” 需用形容词比拟级more。故填more。.考查固定短语。句意：弗洛伦斯南丁格尔生于1820年5月12日，在克里米亚战争期间担任护士培训 师。serve as为固定短语，意为“担任故填as。.考查动词时态。句意：战争期间，她在君土坦丁堡照顾受伤的士兵。此处陈述过去发生的事情，使用 一般过去时。故填managed。.考查副词。句意：她成为维多利亚文化的象征，尤其是作为“提灯女士”，她在夜间看望受伤的土兵。空 处需填副词作状语，修饰介词短语。故填especially。.考查冠词。句意：她也被认为是英国现代护理的改革家。refo

10、rmer为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且English 发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。.考查非谓语动词。句意：该节日是为了纪念护士，并敦促人们对护士表现出关心和尊重。urge sb. to do sth. 为固定用法，意为“敦促某人做某事”，空处需填动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填t。show。. into42. make43. what44. Ideally45. to go. unexpected47. an48. bills49. until#till50. terrified【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章给出了一些建议，帮助促进财务稳定，为未来做准备。.考查介词。句意：你曾

11、经遇到过财政困难吗？ run into”遇到（困难等）”是固定搭配，符合句意。故填 intOo.考查祈使句。句意：如果你有一些债务要归还，确保你有一个你可以坚持的时间表。分析句子可知，此处 主句为祈使句，应用动词原形开头。故填make。.考查名词性从句引导词。句意：制定一个预算，每周检查它，看看它是如何进行的，以及你可以做些 什么来改进。分析句子可知，此处引导宾语从句，连接代词what引导从句，在从句中作动词do的宾语。 故填whato.考查副词。句意：理想情况下，租金不应超过你总收入的30%。修饰整个句子应用副词，句首字母大 写，故填Ideally。.考查非谓语动词。句意：你应备有足够的存款

12、，以应付六个月的开支，以备不时之需。根据句意可知, 此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，表示“为了故填tog。.考查形容词。句意：你应备有足够的存款，以应付六个月的开支，以备不时之需。根据后文名词短语 financial difficulties可知，此处应用expect的过去分词转化的形容词expected的反义词unexpected“始料不及 的，未预料到的”作定语修饰名词，符合句意。故填unexpected。.考查冠词。句意：不管你的信用卡账单有多高，你都需要一个应急基金。fimd“基金”是可数名词，此处 为单数泛指概念，应用不定冠词限定，所连接的单词emergency发音以元音音素开头，故填

13、an。.考查名词复数。句意：不管你的信用卡账单有多高，你都需要一个应急基金。根据后文are可知，此处 可数名词bill应用复数形式。故填bills。.考查连词。句意：直到你存够钱可以高枕无忧为止。根据句意可知，此处表示“直到存钱足够多，多到 可以高枕无忧为止”，until或till意为“至U为止 符合句意。故填until/till。.考查形容词。句意：多少钱由你决定，只要你醒来时不担惊受怕就行。根据句意可知，此处应用由动 词terrify派生的-ed形容词terrified作伴随状语，说明主语you的状态。故填terrifiedo. to discuss52. saying53. which5

14、4. scores55. to#towards56. Obviously57. is58. impress!ve59. it60. will overcome【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了养成学习习惯的好处，以及形成良好学习习惯的方法。.考查非谓语动词。句意:讨论学习习惯是有用和必要的。Itisadj.+todo为固定句型，it为形式主语， 动词不定式为真正的主语。故填to discuss。.考查名词。句意：有一句名言“好习惯导致好结果”，这说明了习惯的重要性。不定冠词a修饰单数可数 名词,空处需填名词saying,表示“名言,谚语“。故填saying。.考查定语从句。句意同上。空处引导非

15、限制性定语从句，先行词是saying,指物，在定语从句中作主语, 需用关系代词which引导。故填whicho.考查名词。句意：因此，良好的学习习惯可以帮助我们获得良好的学习效果，包括高分和丰富的知识。 score为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且没有冠词限定，需用名词复数形式。故填scores。.考查介词。句意：事实上，学习习惯形成了我们对学习内容的思维方式和态度。attitude to/towards定搭配,表示“对的态度故填to/towards。.考查副词。句意:显然，一个好习惯可以帮助我们加速到达目的地。此处需填副词obviously修饰整个 句子，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Obvious

16、ly。.考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：正如我们所看到的，养成一个好习惯是如此重要，所以我想介绍一 种学习习惯每天保持学习日记。此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为动名词短语developing a good habit,谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填is。.考查形容词。句意：我们可以从写学习总结开始，并记住记录一些令人印象深刻和有意义的东西。修 饰不定代词something需用形容词impressive作后置定语。故填impressiveo.考查代词。句意：把它记在心里，渐渐地我们就能养成这种良好的学习习惯，并从中受益。此处用it 指代本句前面的this good learning h

17、abit,作宾语。故填it。.考查动词时态。句意：我只能集中精力阅读一小段时间，但我想我将在未来克服这个问题。根据时间 状语in the future”可知，此处使用一般将来时。故填will overcomeo. were62. which63. enjoyable64. it65, to relaxconcentration67. exhausting68. a69. tricks70. is suggested【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了为什么拿起一本书你就会感到困倦？【详解】.考查动词时态。句意：几分钟以前，你完全醒着，在案例中的主角刚刚发现一点新的有希望的线索。此 处缺乏谓语，根

18、据横线后方a few minutes ago和uncovered的提示可知，此处应用过去式。故填were。.考查定语从句。句意：人们常常在一个安静的，舒适的环境中阅读，这碰巧是一个理想的睡眠环境。空 格处是非限制性定语从句，先行词a quiet, comfortable atmosphere,指物，在定语从句中缺少主语，用关系 代词which o故填which o.考查形容词。句意：对于许多人来说，阅读可能是放松的，令人愉快的。根据形容词relaxing可知，空 格处的词要用形容词作表语。故填enjoyable。.考查代词。句意：阅读有助于深度睡眠是由于它允许你的大脑在睡前放松一段时间。it指

19、代readingo故 填让。.考查非谓语动词。句意：阅读有助于深度睡眠是由于它允许你的大脑在睡前放松一段时间。根据allow sb. to do sth.（允许某人做某事），此处用动词不定式。故填to relax。.考查名词。句意：处理每一个单词所需的专注度也会让人精疲力竭，尤其是当你选择的书卷很大的时候。 此处抽象名词做主语。故填concentration。.考查形容词。句意：处理每一个单词所需的专注度也会让人精疲力竭，尤其是当你选择的书卷很大的时 候。空格处是表语，要用形容词，修饰物concentration,用修饰形容物的-ing形容词exhausting。故填exhaustingo 8

20、.考查冠词。句意：阅读一行又一行可能使你想要给眼睛放松一下。根据givea break（使放松）。故 填a。.考查名词单复数。句意：阅读时，有许多方法可帮助你清醒。trick可数名词，根据some可知，此处需要 复数名词。故填tricks。.考查时态和固定句型。句意：建议在早晨阅读或者尝试有声读物也是一种明智的选择。此处缺乏谓语,讲的是事实，时态用一般现在时，固定句型It is suggested that.（建议）。故填is suggested。71. application7!* particularly73. have shown#have showed74. are known75.

21、an76. examining?7. that78. babies79. to80. compared【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要指出了社会认知是研究人们如何处理社会信息，尤其是其编码、存储、 回忆和在社会情境中的应用。.考查名词。句意：社会认知是研究人们如何处理社会信息，尤其是其编码、存储、回忆和在社会情境 中的应用。并列连词and前是抽象名词，故and后也应是抽象名词。故填application。.考查副词。句意：最近，人们对社会认知和大脑功能之间的联系产生了很大兴趣，尤其是到目前为止, 神经心理学研究说明，脑损伤会严重影响社会判断和互动。副词作状语可以修饰整个句子。故填particu

22、larly。 73.考查时态。句意：最近，人们对社会认知和大脑功能之间的联系产生了很大兴趣，尤其是到目前为止, 神经心理学研究说明，脑损伤会严重影响社会判断和互动。时间状语so far”到目前为止”，句子的谓语用现 在完成时，又因句子的主语是neuropsychological studies,根据主谓一致原那么，故用have done。故填have shown/have showed o.考查时态和语态。句意：众所周知，患有某些精神疾病的人在处理社会信息的方式上存在差异。此处 缺乏谓语，讲的是事实，时态用一般现在时，句子的主语People with certain mental illnes

23、ses与konw是被动 关系，用一般现在时的被动语态，根据主谓一致原那么。故填are known。.考查冠词。句意：现在有一个不断扩大的研究领域，研究这种情况如何会使社会互动中的认知过程产 生偏差，反之，这种偏差如何会导致与这种情况相关的病症。research field为名词短语，此处表示泛指， expanding发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an。故填an。.考查非谓语。句意：现在有一个不断扩大的研究领域，研究这种情况如何会使社会互动中的认知过程 产生偏差，反之，这种偏差如何会导致与这种情况相关的病症。本句已有系动词is且无连词，此处用非谓 语形式，动词examine与其逻辑主语rese

24、arch field是主动关系，用现在分词作后置定语。故填examining。.考查主语从句。句意：人们也越来越清楚，某些促进社会行为的心理过程（如面部识别）可能是与生俱来 的。分析句子结构可知，让作形式主语，空后的句子成分完整，故用that来引导主语从句。故填that。.考查名词。句意：研究说明，不到一个小时的新生婴儿可以选择性地识别并对面孔做出反响，而患有 一些发育障碍的人，如自闭症或威廉姆斯综合症，与未受影响的同龄人相比，可能会在社会互动和社会沟 通方面表现出差异。baby“婴儿”是可数名词，空前无冠词，所以应使用其复数babies表泛指。故填babies。.考查介词。句意：研究说明，不

25、到一个小时的新生婴儿可以选择性地识别并对面孔做出反响，而患有 一些发育障碍的人，如自闭症或威廉姆斯综合症，与未受影响的同龄人相比，可能会在社会互动和社会沟通方面表现出差异。固定搭配respond to对反响”，根据句意，故填to。.考查状语从句的省略。句意：研究说明，不到一个小时的新生婴儿可以选择性地识别并对面孔做出反 应，而患有一些发育障碍的人，如自闭症或威廉姆斯综合症，与未受影响的同龄人相比，可能会在社会互 动和社会沟通方面表现出差异。固定搭配be compared to“与 相提并论，compare的逻辑主语是主句的 主语 people with some developmental d

26、isorders such as autism or Williams syndrome , 又因当从句的主语和主 句的主语一致（或者从句的主语为it）,且从句的谓语中包含be动词的某种形式，在此种情况下可以省去从句 的主语和be动词，保存be动词之后的局部，被保存局部常为现在分词、过去分词、不定式、形容词等。主 语和be动词常常被省略，就变成“when + V-ing/V-ed/adj/介词词组”的结构。故填compared。. To satisfy82. to be read#of being read83. happening84. progresses85. to86. signall

27、ing87. yourself88. to surf89. are addicted90. when【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了“对科技上瘾”这一现象。.考查形容词。句意：为了确保你没有错过任何重要信息，你登录Facebook。此处表目的，用不定式作 目的状语,故填To satisfy。.考查固定搭配。句意：当然，有人发布的东西值得一读。be worthy to be done或be worthy of being done, 某物值得（被），故填to be read或of being reado.考查现在分词。句意：在社交媒体上没有什么有趣的事情发生的情况下，你可以访问你最喜欢的新闻 媒

28、体网站，了解世界上发生了什么。此处为“with+宾语+宾补”的复合结构，nothing of interest与happen之 间是逻辑上的主谓关系，用现在分词表主动，故填happening。.考查时态和语态。句意：早晨就是这样度过的。文章的基础时态为一般现在时，主语是单数，主谓一 致，故填 progresses。.考查介词。句意：从你醒来的那一刻起，到你喝第一杯咖啡的那一刻，你的注意力就集中在科技上。 from.to从到, 故填too.考查现在分词。句意：你的手机嗡嗡作响，说明有新短信进来，你发现自己忍不住去查看。此处为非 谓语动词作状语，phone与signal之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，用现

29、在分词表主动，故填signalling。.考查反身代词。句意：你访问Facebook,向自己保证只看几分钟，结果却漫无目的地刷了一个小时。 根据句意“向你自己保证只看几分钟”可知用反身代词yourself作宾语，故填yourselfo.考查不定式。句意同上，此处表示一种意外的结果，用不定式作结果状语，故填t。surf。.考查固定短语和时态。句意:你对科技上瘾。be addicted to对上瘾，文章的基础时态为一般现在时, 故填 are addicted o.考查状语从句。句意：其次，当你使用它们时，你会一次又一次地刺激大脑的奖励系统。根据句意,此处表示“当时，用when引导时间状语从句，故填

30、when。. immediately92. inspiration93. has experienced94. was bleeding95. competing. was awarded97. despite98. which99. being burdenedlOO. uncertainty【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了日本花样滑冰选手羽生结弦的经历激励着作者面对自己的问题。.考查副词。句意：我立刻被他令人难以置信的表演和富有表现力的音乐所吸引。修饰动词短语was attached to需用副词作状语。故填immediately。.考查名词。句意：当我还是高中生的时候，Yuzuru

31、 一直激励着我。不定冠词an修饰单数可数名词，空 处需填名词inspiration作宾语。故填inspiration。.考查动词时态。句意：在他迄今为止的职业生涯中，他经历了无数的困难和无数的伤痛。根据时间状 语“so far”可知，此处为现在完成时，主语为he,谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填has experienced。.考查动词时态。句意:尽管他流血不止，但他仍然无怨无悔地坚持比赛。根据“insisted”可知，此处为 过去的时态，结合语境可知，此处表示“血一直在流”，使用过去进行时，主语为he, be动词用was。故填 was bleeding o.考查非谓语动词。句意同上。ins

32、ist doing sth.为固定用法，空处需填动名词作宾语。故填competing。.考查动词时态语态。句意：但他最终赢得了冠军，并获得了金牌。根据ended up”可知，此处使用一般 过去时，he和award为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为he,助动词用was。故填was awarded。.考查介词。句意：尽管患有哮喘，Yuzuru 一直刻苦训练。上下文之间是转折关系，此处表示“尽管”， 且后面是名词，需用介词despite。故填despite。.考查定语从句。句意：从2012年到2021年，我一直被羽生的精神所激励，无论发生什么事情，它都 帮助我勇往直前。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词

33、是前面的句子，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代 词which引导。故填whicho.考查非谓语动词。句意：当我在生活中遇到任何我认为自己无法处理的问题时，比方家庭作业的负担 或成绩下滑时，我就会一遍又一遍地看Yuzuru滑冰的视频，以寻求或希望和毅力。be burdened with为固定 短语，意为“加以的重担”，位于介词as后面，需用动名词作宾语。故填being burdened。.考查名词。句意：毕竟，他成功地克服了如此多的不确定性。空处需填名词uncertainty作宾语。故填 uncertainty ofor his contributions forever.Passage 3(20

34、22甘肃兰州高二期末)China has launched the core module (核心、舱)of its new space station, 21 milestone in Beijings(ambition) plan to place a permanent human presence in space.The Tianhe or Heavenly Harmony“ unmanned core module, containing living quarters for three crew,(launch) from Wenchang in Chinas Hainan P

35、rovince on a Long March 5B rocket on April, 29th. The space station is expected to become 24(full) operational in 2022. At least 12 astronauts are training to flyto 25 live in the station, including experienced people of previous flights.The live video 26 CCTV showed that space program employees 27

36、(cheer) as the rocket powered its way through the atmosphere billowing flames from the launch sites.Minutes after the launch, the fairing opened to expose the Tianhe atop the core stage of the rocket, with the characters for “China Manned Space 28 (decorate) on its exterior. Soon after, it separated

37、 from the rocket, 29 would orbit for about a week before falling to Earth.The country has come a long way since its first satellite in 1970. China has been a late starter when it comes to space 30 (explore), but the nation always supports its space efforts.Passage 4(2022.河南周口.高二期末)International Nurs

38、es Day is observed every year on May 12th. The day honours nurses for their 31 (commit) to medical health and service. The day also commemorates Florence Nightingales birth, 32 is widely regarded as the founder of modern nursing. As the world 33 (influence) by the deadly COVID-19, the healthcare wor

39、kers have been working day and night to take care of 34 (affect) patients. Here are(many) details about International Nurses Day.Florence Nightingale was born on May 12th, 1820, and served 36 a trainer of nurses during the Crimean War. During the War, she 37 (manage) to care for wounded soldiers at

40、Constantinople. Her contributions gave nursing a favorable reputation. She became a symbol of Victorian culture, 38 (especial) as “The Lady with the Lamp”, who visited wounded soldiers at night. She was also regarded as 39English reformer of modern nursing. She won the Royal Red Cross award in 1883

41、and Order of Merit award in 1907.International Nurses Day was first celebrated in 1965 to mark the importance of nurses all over the world and their contribution towards the healthcare system. The day honours the nurses and urges people 40(show) care and respect towards nurses.Passage 5(2022山西运城高二期末

42、)Have you ever run 41 a difficult financial situation? Are you struggling to make ends meet? Here are a few tips that may help you promote financial stability and prepare for the future.You need to ask your family for advice. Ask your family and friends to monitor your weekly financial records. If y

43、ou have some debts to pay off, 42 (make) sure you have a schedule you can stick to. Create a budget and check it over every week to see how it is going and 43 you can do to improve.You need to live below your means. Dont spend more than you make. And dont spend all the money. Find an apartment that

44、both meets your needs and keeps you comfortable. 44 (ideal), the rent shouldnt exceed 30% of your total income. If you need to, share an apartment with someone to save on rent.You need to value cash flow. You are advised to have adequate savings 45 (go) through six months in case of 46 (expect) fina

45、ncial difficulties. Maybe this is not possible for you. However, you can try to keep a SWAN account-sleep well at night. Sounds nice, doesnt it? You need 47 emergency fund no matter how high your credit card 48 (bill) are. Pay near the minimum balance 49 youve save enough to get a good nights sleep.

46、 Ifs up to you how much that is, as long as you dont wake up 50(terrify).Passage 6(2021 江西抚州高二期末)How do learning habits influence learning results? Its useful and necessary 51(discuss) learninghabits. There is a famous 52 (say) “Good habits lead to good endings,53 shows theimportance of habits. Thus

47、, good learning habits can help us gain great learning results including high 54(score)and abundant knowledge.Actually, learning habits form our ways of thinking and attitudes 55 the content of our learning. 56(obvious), a good habit can help us speed up to reach our destinations.As we can see, deve

48、loping a good habit 57 (be) so important that I would like to introduce on kind of god learning habits-keeping a learning diary every day. We can start the habit by writing learning summaries andremember to record something 58 (impress) and meaningful. Keep it in mind, and gradually we can gain this

49、 good learning habit and benefit from 59.Whats more, I find out that I still have some bad learning habits as well. I can only concentrate on reading fbr a short time, but I think I 60(overcome)this problem in the future.I think through my efforts. I can gain good learning results by having good hab

50、its.Passage 7(2021 江西柳州高二期末)Youve finally thrown yourself into bed and opened a detective novel youve been waiting for all day. Three pages later, youre fighting a losing battle against two suddenly very heavy eyelids. You 61 (be) wide awake a few minutes ago, and the hero just uncovered a promising

51、 new lead in the case. So, what is happening?As the BBCs Science Focus explains, the coziness (舒适度)of the environment you are in could be working against you. People usually try to read in a quiet, comfortable atmosphere, 62 happens to be ideal for sleep. “For many, reading can be relaxing and 63 (e

52、njoy). The main reason why reading may help some fall asleep is that 64 allows your mind some time 65 (relax) before turning out the lights to fall asleep J said Dr. Raman Malhotra, a neurologist.The 66 (concentrate) required to process every word can be pretty 67 (exhaust), too, especially if your

53、chosen volume is dense. And reading line after line of anything can make you feel like giving your eyes 68 break.There are some 69 (trick) to help you stay awake while reading. It 70 (suggest) that reading in the morning, or trying an audiobook should be a wise choice. Reading in a public place like

54、 a coffee shop or park can also discourage dozing.Passage 8(2021 .河南新乡.高二期末)Social cognition is the study of how people process social information, especially its encoding, storage, recall and 71 (apply) to social situations.There has been much recent interest in the links between social cognition a

55、nd brain function, 72 (particular) as so far, neuropsychological (神经心理学)studies 73 (show) that brain injury can badly affect social judgement and interaction.People with certain mental illnesses 74 (know) to show differences in how they process socialinformation. There is now 75 expanding research f

56、ield 76 (examine) how such conditions may bias (造成偏差)cognitive processes involved in social interaction, conversely, how such biases may lead to the symptoms associated with the condition. It is also becoming clear 77 some aspects of psychological processes that promote social behavior (such as face

57、 recognition) may be inborn.Studies have shown that newborn 78 (baby), younger than one hour old can selectively recognize and respond 79 faces, while people with some developmental disorders such as autism or Williams syndrome may show differences in social interaction and social communication when

58、 80 (compare) to their unaffected peers.Passage 9(2022云南高二期末)Technology AddictionTell me if this sounds familiar. You wake up in the morning and immediately reach for your phone. You check for new emails and texts despite having no urgency to do so.81(satisfy) that you havent missed any important me

59、ssages, you log onto Facebook. You check to seewhether your friends posted any updates while you were sleeping.Then its off to Tik Tok. You follow hundreds of friends, acquaintances, and celebrities. Surely someone has posted something worthy 82(read) . Unfortunately, they havent.With nothing of int

60、erest 83(happen ) on social media, you visit your favorite news media sites to findout whats going on the world. After all, you dont want to miss the days major headlines.And so the morning84(progress) . From the moment you wake up 85 youve thrown the firstcup of coffee down your throat, your attent