新概念英语第二册第3课笔记

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上专心-专注-专业专心-专注-专业精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上专心-专注-专业Lesson 3 Please Send Me a Cardsend v. 寄, 送 派人打发 1)加双宾语send sth. to sb. /send sb. sth. 给某人送(寄)东西send/take children to school：take强调某人亲自送；send则是通过第三人去送, 如美国的校车 take flowers to his wife 自己送send flowers to his wife 叫店里的人送2）加单宾语 send sth 寄什么东

2、西 send a lettersend sb 打发某人 send the children to bed 打发孩子去睡觉3)短语：send/give sb my love 代向致意Please send your sister my love.= Please send my love to your sister.请把我的问候带给你的姐姐。类似的表达问候还可以说：Please say hello/hi to your sister.(比较口语化) Remember me to your sister.(比较正式)Give my regards to your sister.（更加正式）4)s

3、end for sb/sth 派人去请（叫）send for a doctor派人去请医生 send for a taxi派人去叫出租车postcard n. 明信片两个爆破音在一起，前者失去爆破音。这里/t/和/k/前者失去爆破音name card /visiting card 名片 credit card 信用卡Here is my name card. (口语常用, 同时伴随着递出的动作) ID(identity) card 身份证 (ID 身份)ones best card 某人的王牌，绝招cash card 现金卡储蓄卡工资卡(不能透支)post n./v. 邮 寄 post-bag

4、邮袋post-code 邮编post office 邮局 postman post mark邮戳spoil(spoiled，spoilt) v. 使索然无味, 损坏过去式和过去分词有两种变化，类似的还有dream英式英语中多用不规则形式 dreamt spoilt美式英语中多用规则形式 dreamed spoiled无论英美，过去分词作定语时，用不规则形式a spoilt child 一个被惯坏的孩子spoilt milk vt. 弄坏，损坏，糟蹋 The rain spoiled the school sports. 这场雨把学校运动会弄得一团糟。The sad news spoiled o

5、ur weekend.这不幸的消息使我们没能过好周末。 vt. 宠坏，惯坏，溺爱Dont spoil your children. 不能太惯孩子。Julie loves her son too much. She has spoiled him. 朱莉太爱她的儿子了。她把他惯坏了。spoil: 把东西质量变差; 生活中不顺心的事;宠坏, 溺爱；spoil主要指精神上的break: 打破; break the windows 打破玻璃damage dmd: 破坏, 程度不一定很重destroy dstr : 破坏, 彻底摧毁以上三个指物理上的破坏;museum n. 博物馆Palace Muse

6、um 故宫public adj. 公共的 adj. 公共的，公众的，社会的(尤作定语)There is a public library in this town.这镇上有一个公共图书馆。I always sit in public gardens on Sundays.星期天我经常去公园坐坐。the public highway公路 adj. 公开的，众人皆知的Their secret meeting was made public 20 years later.public house(酒吧简称pub) public place 公共场所in public 公开的；in private 私

7、下里的Lets have a conversation in private.让我们私下谈谈?-Why not have a conversation in public? 为什么不公开谈呢?(当面说呢?) n. 公众，群众，大众The public is/are pleased with his explanation. 公众对他的解释很满意。The museum is open to the public on Sunday. 这家博物馆星期天对公众开放friendly adj. 友好的。虽然friendly是以-ly结尾，在拼法上与许多副词一样，但它却是形容，单独使用时一般做定语；作状语

8、表人做什么事情很友好, 用短语in a friendly wayHe always greets me in a friendly way.他总是亲切地和我打招呼。She gave me a friendly greeting.她友好地和我打了一下招呼。He is not very friendly to John.他对约翰不太友善。以-ly结尾的形容词还有lovely孤独的，brotherly兄长般的，fatherly，manly，motherly silly蠢的make friends with sb 和某人交朋友waiter n. 服务员, 招待员waiter(男服务员), waitre

9、ss(女服务员), 只出现在餐馆里 chief waiter 领班 shop assistant 商店里的店员 attendant n. (其他公共场所的)服务员lend v. 借给 lend to(借出)：lend sth. to sb/lend sb. sth.borrow from(借进)：borrow sth. from sb./borrow sth. (borrow不能用 borrow sb sth.)Can you lend me 200 yuan?你能借给我200无钱吗He borrowed my pen yesterday. 他昨天借了我的钢笔lend sb a hand=gi

10、ve sb help 帮谁忙 给某人以帮助lend sb an ear （耐心地）倾听be living on borrowed time大难不死decision n. 决定 decied v. 决定make /take/reach/ a decision作出决定It was not easy for me to make/take this decision.make a big/great decision 做个重大决定(big：重大；great：伟大, 更重大) decied v. 决定decied to do相当于make up ones mind to do决定做I decided

11、to study another foreign language.我决定再学一门外语。whole 1）adj. 表示“整整的”、“整个的”：a whole bottle of milk 一整瓶牛奶the whole，the whole day 整天 ，two whole weeks 整整两星期all the，all the day (the可省略) 整天a whole year一整年 a whole day 一整天all of后面如果加代词, 代词前面不需要修饰词；一旦要加名词, 前面一定要加theall of us；all of the students2）n. 整个 整体Two halv

12、es make a whole两个一半构成一个整体。as a whole 整个地 wholesale 批发 retail零售on the whole 总的来说，一般来讲single 1)adj. 唯一的, 单一的 反义词double 双倍的a single/round ticket 单程/往返票2)adj.未婚的，独身的 single men and women3)单独一人使用的 a single/double bed单/双人床4)adj.single-parent 单亲的【课文讲解】（37分）1、Postcards always spoil my holidays.Last summer,

13、I went to Italy. a holiday 一天的假期holiday 较长的假期 go on holiday 去度假be on holiday 正在度假 holidays 较长（不能指一天）的假期 vacation vken 法定假日（宗教假日、国家庆典）英美都用holiday，每年的例行休假，英国用holiday,美用vacationleave雇员因某种原因而获准的休假ask for a leave请假 take French leave（英）不辞而别eave in an English style （法）不辞而别last： adj. 上一个last summer adj. 最后一

14、个，表示“最后一个”时要加冠词the the last day 最后一天 (具体到一天及一天的早中晚都要用on)2、A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian. 一位好客的服务员教了我几句意大利语。teach sb. sth. 教某人某事 He teaches us English. teach myself English 自学英语teach sb.a lesson / give sb.a lesson 教训某人一顿teach sb. to do sth. 教某人去做某事teach fish to swim 班门弄斧语言不可数, 所以

15、要用a little Italian或a few words of Italian I can speak a little English/a few words of English. a few可与复数可数名词连用，表示肯定，含有some, a small number of（一些，少数几个）的意思：The police would like to ask him a few questions.警察要问他一些问题。Mother is coming in a few days.妈妈过几天就要来了。Italian于Italy 注意重读音的位置不同have a word in sbs ear

16、和说句悄悄话have a word with sb和说一句话have a words with sb和吵架have word from sb听到，收到的消息3、Then he lent me a book. 之后还借给我一本书。像send, buy, give等动词一样，lend可以有两个宾语：一个直接宾语（通常指物），一个间接宾语（通常指人）。（cf. 本课语法）在这句话中，lend的直接宾语为a book，间接宾语为me。lend sb sthWould you lend me your pen?能把你的笔借我用一下吗？Yesterday I lent my dictionary to M

17、ary.昨天我把字典借给了玛丽。4but I did not understand a word.但一个字也不懂。nota的否定意义比单用not要强。课文的最后一句加了single”，语气更强。试比较：5、Every day I thought about postcards. think about/of +n./doing 考虑, 思考，指某一段时间一直在想/考虑某事, think of还可指想到I often think about the lovely holiday we had last year. 我经常回想我们去年度过的愉快的假期。What are you thinking a

18、bout? 你在想什么？Im thinking about my friends.我在想我的朋友们。What do you think of TV program last night?你觉得昨晚的电视节目怎么样?think over 仔细考虑，反复思考Whats the weather like today? cold, chilly tl (非常非常冷), freeze fri:z Ill freeze.我要冻僵了6、make a big decision, 作出一项重大决定。make/take a decision dsn, 作出决定。这是个常用的词语搭配，可以灵活使用：It was n

19、ot easy for me to make/ take this decision. 对我来说作出这项决定并不容易。You have made/taken a wrong decision.你作出了个错误的决定。Have you made/taken a decision?你决定了吗？7、I spent the whole day in my room, but I did not write a single card!我在房间里关了整整一天spend人做主语，与表示时间的词或短语连和时，意思为“花(时间)”、“度过”. spend+时间+地点 : 在什么地点花费/度过了多少时间I spe

20、nd three hours in the sea.I spend my weekend at my mothers.I spend a lot of time in traffic jam.(交通堵塞)spend+time/money/ energy+(in）doing/on sth表示做什么或为什么花了多少时间/金钱/精力I cant spend any more on this car. 我不能再为这车花钱了。energy end【Key structures】一般过去时一般过去时通常表示过去发生的而现在已经结束的事件、动作或情况。它通常指动作何时发生，而不指动作持续多久。Do you

21、ever catch a cold in the winter? Yes, I caught a cold last winter.【Special Difficulties】 直接宾语与间接宾语双宾语：许多及物动词后可以有两个宾语，直接宾语(表示动作结果，动作所涉及的事物)和间接宾语(动作目标，动作是谁做的或为谁做的，通常是人)。这类动词有give, show, send, bring, lend, tell, return, write, pay, teach, make, buy, find等。间接宾语大多数情况下置于直接宾语之前，紧跟动词；不过，如想要强调直接宾语，也可将它置于动词之后

22、、间接宾语之前。如果间接宾语在后，间接宾主前必须加“to”(表示动作对什么人做)或“for”(表示动作为什么人而做)。give sb. sth./give sth to sb间接宾语在后面时, 其前必须加to(对而言)或for(为而做)。可以翻译为“给”、“替”、“为”的，就用for；如果只能翻译为“给”的, 就用to与to相连的give, take, pass, read, sell, buy，pay，hand，bring，show，promise，offer，owetake flowers to my wife.与for相连的 buy, order, make, findI buy a book for you ./make a cake for youfind sth. for sb./do sb. a favor 帮某人一个忙Do me a favor please./Do a favor for me? 帮我个忙Can I order