名词性从句基本讲解

1、名词性从句基本讲解一、名词性从句的分类种类作用常用关联词示例主语从句表语从句在复合句中作主语,相当于名词，一般置于谓语之前，也可用it作形式主语，主语从句放在主句之后that，whether，if，as if，as though，who，whose，which，how，when，where，why，what,whatever，whoever，whereverWhether he will come or not doesnt matter much.Whoever comes here will be welcome.在复合句中作表语,相当于名词，位于系动词之后It looks as if i

2、t is going to snow.种类作用常用关联词示例宾语从句同位语从句在复合句中作宾语,相当于名词that，whether，if，as if，as though，who，whose，which，how，when，where，why，what,whatever，whoever，whereverHe asked me which team could win the game.放在名词之后(news，problem，idea，suggestion，advice，thought，hope，fact等)表明其具体内容You have no idea how worried we are.The

3、 fact that he lied again greatly surprised us.二、名词性从句的用法项目类别连接词、关系词或引导词例句注意事项主语从句连接代词：who，what，which等连接副词：where,when，how，why从属连词：that,whether，ifWhat you have said is reasonable.Whether you will come or not doesnt matter.Its known to all that he is a novelist. Its necessary that you should tell him a

4、bout it.1.that所引导的主语从句可以放在句子后面,用it作形式主语。2.在it is a pity，it is difficult，it is necessary，it is no wonder等构成后面的主语从句中常用“should动词原形”的虚拟语气形式,表达“应该”、“竟然”的意思。项目类别连接词、关系词或引导词例句注意事项宾语从句连接代词：who,what，which等连接副词：where，when,how，why从属连词：that，whether，ifThey are discussing what they will do today.She asked me how

5、he could learn English well.I think it necessary that he should try again.I insisted that she (should) go there right away. I dont doubt that he will pass the test.1.如果主句是现在时，宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定；如果主语是过去时，那么宾语从句一定要用过去时态。2.宾语从句要用陈述句语序。3.主句的谓语动词是及物动词feel，see，hear，find，think，make等,可以用it作形式宾语，把宾语从句放在补足语之后。4

6、.当主句的谓语是suggest，demand，insist等动词时，宾语从句中的谓语动词用原形或should动词原形。5.当及物动词doubt接宾语从句，主句为否定句或疑问句时，用连词that；主句为肯定句时，用连词if/whether。项目类别连接词、关系词或引导词例句注意事项表语从句连接代词：who，what，which等连接副词：where,when，how，why从属连词：that, whether，as if/thoughThe problem is who can go and fetch it.That is why I was late yesterday.This is wh

7、at he told me.He looks as if he has known the news.表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词基本一样，表语从句还可以用as if，as though等。项目类别连接词、关系词或引导词例句注意事项同位语从句连词代词：who，what，whose等连接副词：where,when，how从属连词：that，whetherHe has told us the news that he won the first prize.We have no idea when he will come back.There is no doubt that he i

8、s fit for the job.同位语从句一般跟在一些表示抽象概念的名词后面，用来说明名词具体所指的内容，常用的名词有news,idea，order，fact，promise，belief，doubt，truth，question，report，fear，proof，thought等。三、语法填空中名词性从句的考查广东近五年高考在语法填空题中考查名词性从句的情况：2009：She remembered how difficult _ was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.解析:考查的是remembered的宾语从

9、句,it在句中作形式主语。2012：The new boy looked at the teacher 23 for a few seconds and all the other students wondered _ the boy would do.解析：引导宾语从句并在从句中作do的宾语,故用连接代词。名词性从句是高考必考的语法项目之一，同学们要学会熟练运用名词性从句。it what1(2013高考新课标全国卷)Police have found_ appears to be the lost ancient statue.AwhichBwhereChow Dwhat解析：本题考查名词

10、性从句的引导词。句意：警察找到了可能是丢失的古代雕像的物品。A项which“哪一个”；B项where“哪儿”；C项how“怎样”；D项what“什么”。结合题干,空格前面是动词，表明这里可能是一个宾语从句，同时后面的句子缺主语，因此断定选what(the thing that/all that)，这个词不但引导宾语从句，而且还在从句中充当主语。D2.(2013高考北京卷)_makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.AThat B.WhatCWho D.Which解析：题干的意思是：使这本书

11、与众不同是的作者具有的创造性的想象力。分析结构可知，_makes the book so extraordinary为主语从句，从句缺少主语，要用what引导。that引导主语从句时，仅仅起连接作用，不作句子成分，但不能省略；who指人；which引导名词性从句时与what的区别在于它为特指，而what为泛指。故正确答案为B项。B3(2013高考北京卷)Experts believe_people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary.Awhy BwhereCthat D.what解析：题干的意思是：专家们认为必要的

12、时候才购物可以减少食物的浪费。分析结构可知，此处是experts believe.作主句，空格处引导宾语从句，从句不缺少成分，故用that。why在句中作原因状语；where作地点状语；what作主语、宾语或表语。故正确答案为C项。C4(2013高考天津卷)_ I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.AThat B.Which CWhether D.What解析：句意为“我想告诉你的是我对父母深深的爱和尊敬”。本题考查主语从句引导词的判定。_I want to tell you是一个主语从句，且

13、从句中缺少tell的直接宾语，故用what引导。which表示在某一范围内做出选择,与句意不符。D5(2013高考重庆卷)_struck me most in the movie was the fathers deep love for his son.AThat B.ItCWhat D.Which解析：题干的意思是：“电影中最打动我的是父亲对儿子深深的爱。”分析句子结构可知，此处用what引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语。that引导主语从句时，不充当句子成分，而该从句中恰恰缺少了主语。it可以作形式主语，但后面必须出现与之匹配的真正主语。which引导主语从句时，在从句中充当定语，而该句空

14、格后并没有which修饰的名词或代词。C6(2013高考山东卷)Its good to know _ the dogs will be well cared for while were away.Awhat B.whoseCwhich D.that 解析：句意：知道当我们不在家时狗将会得到很好的照顾真好。动词know后是宾语从句，从句中不缺成分，用that起连接作用。D7(2013高考湖南卷)Do not let any failures discourage you，for you can never tell_close you may be to victory.Ahow BthatC

15、which D.where解析：题干的意思是：“不要让任何的失败使你灰心丧气，因为你决不会知道成功离你有多近。”分析句子成分可知，tell后接的是宾语从句；再根据语境可知此处用程度副词修饰形容词close，故答案为A。A8(2013高考四川卷)_you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company.AWhen B.HowCWhat D.That解析：题干的意思是：你在会上所说的话为公司描绘了一个光明的未来。分析句子结构可知，题中缺少主语从句的引导词，并且引导词要在从句中作宾语。选项中只有what既可以引导主语从句，又

16、可以在从句中作宾语，因此符合题意。when和how可以引导主语从句，但是在从句中作状语，不合题意；that可以引导主语从句，但是在从句中不作句子成分,也不合题意。C9(2013高考江西卷)_one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.AWhoever B.WhateverCWhichever D.Wherever解析：句意:“你们当中无论哪一个打破窗户都必须赔偿。”此处指从“you”这一范围中作出选择，故选C项，表示“无论哪一个”。C10(2013高考陕西卷)It remains to be seen_the newly forme

17、d committees policy can be put into practice.Athat B.whichCwhat D.whether解析：题干的意思是：“新组建的委员会的政策是否会付诸实施还有待观察。”该句包含一个由whether引导的主语从句“whether the newly formed committees policy can be put into practice”，该主语从句不缺成分，所以排除B和C；由语境中的remains to be seen可知，“是否实施新政策”还有待观察，所以此处要用whether。故选D。D.用适当的引导词把句子补充完整1Many pe

18、ople are asking _ traditional research universities in fact have any future at all.2_ this new rule is applicable to everyone is obvious.3The technological advances made it possible for the middle classes to enjoy _ had once been affordable only to the very rich.4It is my hope _ everyone in my class

19、 should correct their mistakes before handing the paper in.whetherThatwhatthat5Nowadays many rural people flock to the city for jobs on the assumption _ the streets there are paved with gold.6My boss has failed me so many times that I no linger believe in _ he promises.7_ the survival of historic in

20、terests is under threat is known to us all.8The reason _ so many children like to eat this new brand of biscuit is particularly sweet.9_ important it is to combat pollution in the process of industrialization doesnt mention at all in the article.10We are concerned about _ she can finish it ahead of time.thatwhateverThatwhyHowwhether.语篇填空：使用适当的词填空 In the 1960s，medical researchers developed a checklist of stressful events.They found out 1._ any major change can be stressful.Negative events like “serio