关于小学英语语篇教学的思考与实践

1、关于小学英语语篇教学的思考与实践北京教科院基教研中心外语室王晓东对于”语篇”和”阅读”的理解阅读教学:从技能的角度来看，与听、说、读写相对应语篇教学：Language which has been produced as the result of an act of communication. Longman dictionary of language teaching and applied linguistics语篇教学是相对于以词汇和句子结构为中心的教学而言。语篇是指实际使用的语言单位，是一次交际过程中的一系列连续的话段或句子所构成的语言整体。它可以是对话，也可以是独白，它包括书面

2、语，也包括口语。外语教学的最终目的是要使学生能用目的语来交流思想和获取信息。思想的交流和信息的获取都是在一定的环境中进行的。这种语言使用的环境既包括语言方面的知识，也包括文化背景、语用、认知等方面的知识。两种语言观点： TOP-DOWN APPROACHBOTTOM-UP APPROACH阅读的目的总的目标reading to learn提供愉悦和快乐的体验搜寻有用的信息学习、发展和应用所学知识发展思维强化语言和拓展生活经历通过阅读教学培养的基本技能(sub-skills)Predicting;Reading for the main ideas;Reading for specific in

3、formation.Focus on the matters and problems.See no words but ideas.Pick no sentences but meanings.Give up every detail which is not important. Keep every detail which is important.Treat the text as a whole all the time. HOLISTIC READING Study the language.Focus on every detailed piece of informatiom

4、.Cover all the words or sentences one by one.Come from the pieces to the whole. Combine the words and their meanings.Neglect the ideas sometimes.ANALYTIC READING 交流的几个问题一、研究的背景英语教学的要求 ; 既是内容又是手段国家英语课程标准的要求; 教材的安排: 北师大版、 北京版、新起点、人教版、新标准二、研究的方式及对象实践 总结 再实践三种类型的语篇材料基于教学内容：北师大版; 北京版基于课外学习材料(相对稳定阅读材料)基于教

5、材相关话题的补充材料三、中低、高年级阅读教学的特点和注意的问题四、思考的问题三、中低、高年级阅读教学的特点和注意的问题1.中、低年级阅读教学的特点和注意问题Storytelling2.高年级阅读教学的特点和注意问题Supported reading1.storytelling(interactive reading)Purposes;Techniques and Tips;ProcedureStorytellingPurposes:Understand the structure of storiesDevelop skills in reading or listening for mean

6、ingsUnderstand and respond to characters experiencesLearn how to talk about their own experiences and imaginative ideasTechniques and tipsRepetition and audience participation: notice any gestures or repeated phrasesfind the clues for inviting audience participation. have pupils repeat those gesture

7、s or phrases with you. invite pupils to sing and chant with you.involve your audience to take part in the storytelling.Techniques and tipsDo not ask too may comprehension questions at this stage. Ask only questions that stimulate pupils to think more about the content.Invite pupils to read the text

8、with you.2.Supported readingPurposes;Techniques and Tips;ProcedurePurposes When pupils have acquired some skills and strategies in reading, they can try out and experience what real reading like within a supported environment. Teachers can let them take control of the first reading ,and provide only

9、 support and guidance during the process. Techniques and tipsGive pupils a brief introduction of the bookDraw pupils attention to the book cover and let them predict the contentAsk pupils to read a part of the book aloud or silently according to their abilitiesTechniques and tipsHighlight words and

10、structures used in the textGuide pupils to read through the whole book by employing the same stepsDiscuss the story plot and characters in greater depth A little lizard一课简介 Before reading1. 激发兴趣，建立背景经验During reading1. 略读（Skimming）, 迅速浏览全文，找出故事的情节发展线索。2. 读图（Picture reading), 运用读图策略，快速找出故事中有关蜥蜴的信息。3.

11、导读(Guided reading), 在学生的要求和教师的引导下，获取故事中有关蜥蜴的细节信息。4. 跟读声音输入，沉淀故事。After reading 1. 归纳总结故事从多角度对故事中的信息进行处理，小组内初步交流简单信息。2. 复读故事对故事信息的再次梳理（扩展性话题、开放性问题、阅读侧略的关注，强化及反思。）3. 理解反馈 做巩固练习题-重点词汇的理解、故事大意的理解、简单单词的拼写课例片断 四、思考的问题选材的问题:利用资源 网站一，网站二呈现的形式：纯文本？还是多媒体？ 采用的教学步骤：先整体？还是细节？策略和技巧：是否需要？谁掌握？与其他技能的关系：是否有听、说、写？如何考察：与内容、难度、目标相关？理解、应用？谢谢，欢迎交流并提出宝贵意见！北师大版教材内容五年级下册第九单元 本单元其他内容北京版5册补充的语篇材料第一 语言 目的语语音词汇语法 listeningspeakingreadingwriting课程标准中关于阅读的要求国家课程标准二级目标内容能认读所学