考研战神宝典第二部分

1、考研宝典第二部:全国硕士研究生入学考试真题及答案海文考研祝您成功！考研之路从海文起步！目录全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题及参考答案 TOC o 1-5 h z HYPERLINK l bookmark10 o Current Document 2006年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题5 HYPERLINK l bookmark12 o Current Document UseofEnglish5 HYPERLINK l bookmark14 o Current Document ReadingComprehension6 HYPERLINK l bookmark16 o Current D

2、ocument 6 HYPERLINK l bookmark32 o Current Document 12 HYPERLINK l bookmark36 o Current Document 14 HYPERLINK l bookmark38 o Current Document PartB15 HYPERLINK l bookmark40 o Current Document 2006年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题参考答案16 HYPERLINK l bookmark48 o Current Document UseofEnglish18 HYPERLINK l bookmark50

3、 o Current Document ReadingComprehension19 HYPERLINK l bookmark52 o Current Document PartA19 HYPERLINK l bookmark66 o Current Document PartC27 HYPERLINK l bookmark68 o Current Document SectionIIIWriting28 HYPERLINK l bookmark70 o Current Document PartA28 HYPERLINK l bookmark74 o Current Document 200

4、7年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题参考答案29 HYPERLINK l bookmark82 o Current Document 2008年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题31 HYPERLINK l bookmark84 o Current Document UseofEnglish31 HYPERLINK l bookmark86 o Current Document ReadingComprehension32 HYPERLINK l bookmark88 o Current Document PartA32 HYPERLINK l bookmark102 o Current D

5、ocument PartC40 HYPERLINK l bookmark106 o Current Document SectionIIIWriting41 HYPERLINK l bookmark108 o Current Document PartA41 HYPERLINK l bookmark126 o Current Document 2008年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题参考答案42全国硕士研究生入学考试政治试题及参考答案 HYPERLINK l bookmark136 o Current Document 2006年全国硕士研究生入学考试政治理论试题45 HYPERLINK

6、l bookmark138 o Current Document 一、选择题I45 HYPERLINK l bookmark140 o Current Document 二、选择题II46 HYPERLINK l bookmark148 o Current Document 2006年全国硕士研究生入学考试政治理论试题参考答案52 HYPERLINK l bookmark150 o Current Document 二、选择题II52 HYPERLINK l bookmark152 o Current Document 三、分析题52 HYPERLINK l bookmark154 o Cur

7、rent Document 2007年全国硕士研究生入学考试政治理论试题54 HYPERLINK l bookmark158 o Current Document 二、选择题n56 HYPERLINK l bookmark166 o Current Document 2007年全国硕士研究生入学考试政治理论试题参考答案62 HYPERLINK l bookmark168 o Current Document 二、选择题II62 HYPERLINK l bookmark174 o Current Document 2008年全国硕士研究生入学考试政治理论试题65 HYPERLINK l book

8、mark178 o Current Document 二、选择题n66 HYPERLINK l bookmark182 o Current Document 2008年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试政治理论试题参考答案72 HYPERLINK l bookmark184 o Current Document 二、选择题II72全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题及参考答案2006年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandm

9、arkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)ThehomelessmakeupagrowingpercentageofAmericaspopulation.homelessnesshasreachedsuchproportionsthatlocalgovernmentcantpossibly2.Tohelphomelesspeople3independence,thefederalgovernmentmustsupportjobtrainingprograms,4theminimumwage,andfundmorelow-costhousing.5everyonea

10、greesonthenumbersofAmericanswhoarehomeless.Estimates6anywherefrom600,000to3million.7thefiguremayvary,analystsdoagreeonanothermatter:thatthenumberofthehomelessis8.Oneofthefederalgovernmentsstudies9thatthenumberofthehomelesswillreachnearly19millionbytheendofthisdecade.Findingwaysto10thisgrowinghomeles

11、spopulationhasbecomeincreasinglydifficult.11whenhomelessindividualsmanagetofinda12thatwillgivethemthreemealsadayandaplacetosleepatnight,agoodnumberstillspendthebulkofeachday13thestreet.Partoftheproblemisthatmanyhomelessadultsareaddictedtoalcoholordrugs.Andasignificantnumberofthehomelesshaveseriousme

12、ntaldisorders.Manyothers,14notaddictedormentallyill,simplylacktheeveryday15skillsneedtoturntheirlives16.BostonGlobereporterChrisReidynotesthatthesituationwillimproveonlywhenthereare17programsthataddressthemanyneedsofthehomeless.18EdwardZlotkowski,directorofcommunityserviceatBentleyCollegeinMassachus

13、etts,19it,Therehastobe20ofprograms.Whatweneedisapackagedeal.”1.AJIndeedBLikewiseCThereforeDFurthermore2.AstandBcopeCapproveDretain3.Ain|BforCwithDtoward4.AraiseBaddCtakeDkeep5.AgenerallyBalmostChardlyDnot6.AcoverBchangeCrangeDdiffer7.A|Nowthat|BAlthoughC|ProvidedDExceptthat8.Ainflating|BexpandingCin

14、creasingDextending9.ApredictsBdisplaysCJprovesDdiscovers10.AassistBtrackCsustainDdismiss11.AJHenceBButICEvenDOnly12.AlodgingBshelterCdwellingDhouse13.Asearching|BstrollingCcrowdingDwandering14.AwhenBonceCwhileDwhereas15.AJlifeBJexistenceCJsurvivalDmaintenance16.AaroundBoverConDup17.AcomplexBcomprehe

15、nsiveCcomplementaryDcompensating18.AJSoBSinceCAsDJThus19.AputsBinterpretsCassumesDmakes20.AsupervisionBmanipulationCregulationDJcoordinationSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,C,orD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40point

16、s)Text1Inspiteof“endlesstalkofdifference,”Americansocietyisanamazingmachineforhomogenizingpeople.Thereis“thedemocratizinguniformityofdressanddiscourse,andthecasualnessandabsenceofdeference“characteristicofpopularculture.Peopleareabsorbedinto”acultureofconsumption“launchedbythe19th-centurydepartments

17、toresthatoffered“vastarraysofgoodsinanelegantatmosphere.Insteadofintimateshopscateringtoaknowledgeableelite,“thesewerestores“anyonecouldenter,regardlessofclassorbackground.Thisturnedshoppingintoapublicanddemocraticact.MThemassmedia,advertisingandsportsareotherforcesforhomogenization.Immigrantsarequi

18、cklyfittingintothiscommonculture,whichmaynotbealtogetherelevatingbutishardlypoisonous.WritingfortheNationalImmigrationForum,GregoryRodriguezreportsthattodaysimmigrationisneitheratunprecedentedlevelsnorresistanttoassimilation.In1998immigrantswere9.8percentofpopulation;in1900,13.6percent.Inthe10yearsp

19、riorto1990,3.1immigrantsarrivedforevery1,000residents;inthe10yearspriorto1890,9.2forevery1,000.Now,considerthreeindicesofassimilationlanguage,homeownershipandintermarriage.The1990Censusrevealedthat“amajorityofimmigrantsfromeachofthefifteenmostcommoncountriesoforiginspokeEnglishwellorverywellafterten

20、yearsofresidence.ThechildrenofimmigrantstendtobebilingualandproficientinEnglish.t4Bythethirdgeneration,theoriginallanguageislostinthemajorityofimmigrantfamilies.*HencethedescriptionofAmericaasa“graveyard“forlanguages.By1996foreign-bomimmigrantswhohadarrivedbefore1970hadahomeownershiprateof75.6percen

21、t,higherthanthe69.8percentrateamongnative-bornAmericans.Foreign-bornAsiansandHispanics“havehigherratesofintermarriagethandoU.S.-bornwhitesandblacks.Bythethirdgeneration,onethirdofHispanicwomenaremarriedtonon-Hispanics,and41percentofAsian-Americanwomenaremarriedtonon-Asians.Rodrigueznotesthatchildren

22、inremotevillagesaroundtheworldarefansofsuperstarslikeArnoldSchwarzeneggerandGarthBrooks,yet“someAmericansfearthatimmigrantlivingwithintheUnitedStatesremainsomehowimmunetothenationsassimilativepower.”AretheredivisiveissuesandpocketsofseethingangerinAmerica?Indeed.Itisbigenoughtohaveabitofeverything.B

23、utparticularlywhenviewedagainstAmericasturbulentpast,todayssocialindiceshardlysuggestadarkanddeterioratingsocialenvironment.Theword“homogenizing”(Line2,Paragraph1)mostprobablymeans.AidentifyingBassociatingCassimilatingDmonopolizingAccordingtotheauthor,thedepartmentstoresofthe19thcentury.playedarolei

24、nthespreadofpopularculturebecameintimateshopsforcommonconsumerssatisfiedtheneedsofaknowledgeableeliteoweditsemergencetothecultureofconsumptionThetextsuggeststhatimmigrantsnowintheU.S.areresistanttohomogenizationexertagreatinfluenceonAmericanculturearehardlyathreattothecommoncultureconstitutethemajor

25、ityofthepopulationWhyareArnoldSchwarzeneggerandGarthBrooksmentionedinParagraph5?Toprovetheirpopularityaroundtheworld.Torevealthepublicsfearofimmigrants.Togiveexamplesofsuccessfulimmigrants.ToshowthepowerfulinfluenceofAmericanculture.Intheauthorsopinion,theabsorptionofimmigrantsintoAmericansocietyis.

26、ArewardingBsuccessfulCfruitlessDharmfulText2Stratford-on-Avon,asweallknow,hasonlyoneindustry-WilliamShakespeare-buttherearetwodistinctlyseparateandincreasinglyhostilebranches.ThereistheRoyalShakespeareCompany(RSC),whichpresentssuperbproductionsoftheplaysattheShakespeareMemorialTheatreontheAvon.Andth

27、erearethetownsfolkwholargelyliveoffthetouristswhocome,nottoseetheplays,buttolookatAnneHathawaysCottage,Shakespearebirthplaceandtheothersights.TheworthyresidentsofStratforddoubtthatthetheatreaddsapennytotheirrevenue.TheyfranklydisliketheRSCsactors,themwiththeirlonghairandbeardsandsandalsandnoisiness.

28、ItsalldeliciouslyironicwhenyouconsiderthatShakespeare,whoearnstheirliving,washimselfanactor(withabeard)anddidhisshareofnoise-making.Thetouriststreamsarenotentirelyseparate.ThesightseerswhocomebybusandoftentakeinWarwickCastleandBlenheimPalaceontheside-dontusuallyseetheplays,andsomeofthemareevensurpri

29、sedtofindatheatreinStratford.However,theplaygoersdomanagealittlesight-seeingalongwiththeirplaygoing.Itistheplaygoers,theRSCcontends,whobringinmuchofthetownsrevenuebecausetheyspendthenight(someofthemfourorfivenights)pouringcashintothehotelsandrestaurants.Thesightseerscantakeineverythingandgetoutoftow

30、nbynightfall.ThetownsfolkdontseeitthiswayandlocalcouncildoesnotcontributedirectlytothesubsidyoftheRoyalShakespeareCompany.Stratfordcriespoortraditionally.Neverthelesseveryhotelintownseemstobeaddinganewwingorcocktaillounge.Hiltonisbuildingitsownhotelthere,whichyoumaybesurewillbedecoratedwithHamletHam

31、burgerBars,theLearLounge,theBanquoBanquetingRoom,andsoforth,andwillbeveryexpensive.Anyway,thetownsfolkcantunderstandwhytheRoyalShakespeareCompanyneedsasubsidy.(Thetheatrehasbrokenattendancerecordsforthreeyearsinarow.Lastyearits1,431seatswere94percentoccupiedallyearlongandthisyeartheylldobetter.)Ther

32、eason,ofcourse,isthatcostshaverocketedandticketpriceshavestayedlow.ItwouldbeashametoraisepricestoomuchbecauseitwoulddriveawaytheyoungpeoplewhoareStratfordsmostattractiveclientele.Theycomeentirelyfortheplays,notthesights.Theyallseemtolookalike(thoughtheycomefromallover)-lean,pointed,dedicatedfaces,we

33、aringjeansandsandals,eatingtheirbunsandbeddingdownforthenightontheflagstonesoutsidethetheatretobuythe20seatsand80standing-roomticketsheldforthesleepersandsoldtothemwhentheboxofficeopensat10:30a.m.Fromthefirsttwoparagraphs,welearnthat.thetownsfolkdenytheRSCscontributiontothetownsrevenuetheactorsofthe

34、RSCimitateShakespeareonandoffstagethetwobranchesoftheRSCarenotongoodtermsthetownsfolkearnlittlefromtourismItcanbeinferredfromParagraph3that.thesightseerscannotvisittheCastleandthePalaceseparatelytheplaygoersspendmoremoneythanthesightseersthesightseersdomoreshoppingthantheplaygoerstheplaygoersgotonoo

35、therplacesintownthanthetheaterBysaying“Stratfordcriespoortraditionally(Line2-3,Paragraph4),theauthorimpliesthatStratfordcannotaffordtheexpansionprojectsStratfordhaslongbeeninfinancialdifficultiesthetownisnotreallyshortofmoneythetownsfolkusedtobepoorlypaidAccordingtothetownsfolk,theRSCdeservesnosubsi

36、dybecause.ticketpricescanberaisedtocoverthespendingthecompanyisfinanciallyill-managedthebehavioroftheactorsisnotsociallyacceptablethetheatreattendanceisontheriseFromthetextwecanconcludethattheauthor.Aissupportiveofbothsides|BfavorsthetownsfolksviewCtakesadetachedattitudeDissympathetictotheRSCText3Wh

37、enprehistoricmanarrivedinnewpartsoftheworld,somethingstrangehappenedtothelargeanimals.Theysuddenlybecameextinct.Smallerspeciessurvived.Thelarge,slow-growinganimalswereeasygame,andwerequicklyhuntedtoextinction.Nowsomethingsimilarcouldbehappeningintheoceans.Thattheseasarebeingoverfishedhasbeenknownfor

38、years.WhatresearcherssuchasRansomMyersandBorisWormhaveshownisjusthowfastthingsarechanging.Theyhavelookedathalfacenturyofdatafromfisheriesaroundtheworld.Theirmethodsdonotattemptto海文考研祝您成功！考研之路从海文起步！9万学教育海文考研钻卡咨询：159224114773662236公共课咨询：36622363662272estimatetheactualbiomass(theamountoflivingbiologica

39、lmatter)offishspeciesinparticularpartsoftheocean,butratherchangesinthatbiomassovertime.AccordingtotheirlatestpaperpublishedinNature,thebiomassoflargepredators(animalsthatkillandeatotheranimals)inanewfisheryisreducedonaverageby80%within15yearsofthestartofexploitation.Insomelong-fishedareas,ithashalve

40、dagainsincethen.Dr.Wormacknowledgesthatthesefiguresareconservative.Onereasonforthisisthatfishingtechnologyhasimproved.Todaysvesselscanfindtheirpreyusingsatellitesandsonar,whichwerenotavailable50yearsago.Thatmeansahigherproportionofwhatisintheseaisbeingcaught,sotherealdifferencebetweenpresentandpasti

41、slikelytobeworsethantheonerecordedbychangesincatchsizes.Intheearlydays,too,longlineswouldhavebeenmoresaturatedwithfish.Someindividualswouldthereforenothavebeencaught,sincenobaitedhookswouldhavebeenavailabletotrapthem,leadingtoanunderestimateoffishstocksinthepast.Furthermore,intheearlydaysoflonglinef

42、ishing,alotoffishwerelosttosharksaftertheyhadbeenhooked.Thatisnolongeraproblem,becausetherearefewersharksaroundnow.Dr.MyersandDr.Wormarguethattheirworkgivesacorrectbaseline,whichfuturemanagementeffortsmusttakeintoaccount.Theybelievethedatasupportanideacurrentamongmarinebiologists,thatofthe“shiftingb

43、aseline.Thenotionisthatpeoplehavefailedtodetectthemassivechangeswhichhavehappenedintheoceanbecausetheyhavebeenlookingbackonlyarelativelyshorttimeintothepast.Thatmattersbecausetheorysuggeststhatthemaximumsustainableyieldthatcanbecroppedfromafisherycomeswhenthebiomassofatargetspeciesisabout50%ofitsori

44、ginallevels.Mostfisheriesarewellbelowthat,whichisabadwaytodobusiness.Theextinctionoflargeprehistoricanimalsisnotedtosuggestthat.largeanimalwerevulnerabletothechangingenvironmentsmallspeciessurvivedaslargeanimalsdisappearedlargeseaanimalsmayfacethesamethreattodayslow-growingfishoutlivefast-growingone

45、sWecaninferfromDr.MyersandDr.Wormspaperthat.thestockoflargepredatorsinsomeoldfisherieshasreducedby90%thereareonlyhalfasmanyfisheriesastherewere15yearsagothecatchsizesinnewfisheriesareonly20%oftheoriginalamountthenumberoflargerpredatorsdroppedfasterinnewfisheriesthanintheoldBysayingthesefiguresarecon

46、servative(Line1,paragraph3),Dr.Wormmeansthatfishingtechnologyhasimprovedrapidlythencatch-sizesareactuallysmallerthenrecordedthemarinebiomasshassufferedagreaterlossthedatacollectedsofarareoutofdateDr.Myersandotherresearchersholdthat.peopleshouldlookforabaselinethatcantworkforalongertimefisheriesshoul

47、dkeeptheiryieldbelow50%ofthebiomasstheoceanbiomassshouldberestoredtoitsoriginallevelpeopleshouldadjustthefishingbaselinetothechangingsituationTheauthorseemstobemainlyconcernedwithmostfisheries.AmanagementefficiencyBbiomasslevelCcatch-sizelimitsfDtechnologicalapplicationText4Manythingsmakepeoplethink

48、artistsareweird.Buttheweirdestmaybethis:artists,onlyjobistoexploreemotions,andyettheychoosetofocusontheonesthatfeelbad.Thiswasntalwaysso.Theearliestformsofart,likepaintingandmusic,arethosebestsuitedforexpressingjoy.Butsomewherefromthe19thcenturyonward,moreartistsbeganseeinghappinessasmeaningless,pho

49、nyor,worstofall,boring,aswewentfromWordsworthsdaffodilstoBaudelairesflowersofevil.Youcouldarguethatartbecamemoreskepticalofhappinessbecausemodemtimeshaveseensomuchmisery.Butitsnotasifearliertimesdidntknowperpetualwar,disasterandthemassacreofinnocents.Thereason,infact,maybejusttheopposite:thereistoom

50、uchdamnhappinessintheworldtoday.Afterall,whatistheonemodemformofexpressionalmostcompletelydedicatedtodepictinghappiness?Advertising.Theriseofanti-happyartalmostexactlytrackstheemergenceofmassmedia,andwithit,acommercialcultureinwhichhappinessisnotjustanidealbutanideology.Peopleinearliererasweresurrou

51、ndedbyremindersofmisery.Theyworkeduntilexhausted,livedwithfewprotectionsanddiedyoung.IntheWest,beforemasscommunicationandliteracy,themostpowerfulmassmediumwasthechurch,whichremindedworshippersthattheirsoulswereindangerandthattheywouldsomedaybemeatforworms.Givenallthis,theydidnotexactlyneedtheirartto

52、beabummertoo.TodaythemessagestheaverageWesternerissurroundedwitharenotreligiousbutcommercial,andforeverhappy.Fast-foodeaters,newsanchors,textmessengers,allsmiling,smiling,smiling.Ourmagazinesfeaturebeamingcelebritiesandhappyfamiliesinperfecthomes.Andsincethesemessageshaveanagendatolureustoopenourwal

53、letstheymaketheveryideaofhappinessseemunreliable.Celebrate!?,commandedtheadsforthearthritisdrugCelebrex,beforewefoundoutitcouldincreasetheriskofheartattacks.Butwhatweforgetwhatoureconomydependsonusforgettingisthathappinessismorethanpleasurewithoutpain.Thethingsthatbringthegreatestjoycarrythegreatest

54、potentialforlossanddisappointment.Today,surroundedbypromisesofeasyhappiness,weneedarttotellusasreligiononcedid,Mementomori:rememberthatyouwilldie,thateverythingends,andthathappinesscomesnotindenyingthisbutinlivingwithit.Itsamessageevenmorebitterthanaclovecigarette,yet,somehow,abreathoffreshair.Bycit

55、ingtheexamplesofpoetsWordsworthandBaudelaire,theauthorintendstoshowthatpoetryisnotasexpressiveofjoyaspaintingormusicartgrowsoutofbothpositiveandnegativefeelingpoetstodayarelessskepticalofhappinessartistshavechangedtheirfocusofinterestTheword“bummer”(Line5.paragraph5)mostprobablymeanssomething.Arelig

56、iousBunpleasantCentertainingDcommercialIntheauthorsopinion,advertising.emergesinthewakeoftheanti-happyartisacauseofdisappointmentforthegeneralpublicreplacethechurchasamajorsourceofinformationcreatesanillusionofhappinessratherthanhappinessitselfWecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthattheauthorbelieves.happ

57、inessmoreoftenthannotendsinsadnesstheanti-happyartisdistastefulbutrefreshingmiseryshouldbeenjoyedratherthandeniedtheanti-happyartflourisheswheneconomyboomsWhichofthefollowingistrueofthetext?Religiononcefunctionedasareminderofmisery.Artprovidesabalancebetweenexpectationandreality.Peoplefeeldisappoint

58、edaltherealitiesofmodemsociety.Massmediaareinclinedtocoverdisastersanddeaths.PartBDirections:Inthefollowingtext,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions41-45,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA-Gtofitintoeachofnumberedblanks.Therearetwoextrachoices,whichdonotfitinanyoftheblanks.MarkyouranswersonAN

59、SWERSHEET1.(10points)OnthenorthbankoftheOhioRiversitsEvansville,Ind.,homeofDavidWilliams,52,andof海文考研祝您成功！考研之路从海文起步！12ariverboatcasinowheregamblinggamesareplayed.Duringseveralyearsofgamblinginthatcasino,Williams,astateauditorearning$35,000ayear,lostapproximately$175,000.Hehadnevergambledbeforethecas

60、inosenthimacouponfor$20worthofgambling.Hevisitedthecasino,lostthe$20andleft.Onhissecondvisithelost$800.Thecasinoissuedtohim,asagoodcustomer,aFunCard,whichwhenusedinthecasinoearnspointsformealsanddrinks,andenablesthecasinototracktheusersgamblingactivities.ForWilliams,theseactivitiesbecomewhathecallse