高三英语一轮复习资料-Book-6

1、对应课标主题语境Unit 1 Art人与社会绘画、建筑等领域的代表性作品和人物一、高考这样考/新高考已由“知识立意转向素养立意”高考语篇不仅是用于“做”的，在很大程度上是用于“品”的作为晨读价值很大噢!（2018全国卷01 阅读理解 C 篇）lWhile famous foreign architects are invited to lead the designs of landmark buildings in China such as the new CCTV tower and the National Center for the Performing Arts, many ex

2、cellent Chinese architects are making great efforts to take the center stage.2Their efforts have been proven fruitful. Wang Shu, a 49-year-old Chinese architect, won the 2012 Pritzker Architecture Prize which is often referred to as the Nobel Prize in architecture on February 28. He is the first Chi

3、nese citizen to win this award.3Wang serves as head of the Architecture Department at the China Academy of Art （CAA）. His office is located at the Xiangshan campus （校园）of the university in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. Many buildings on the campus are his original creations.4The style of the campus i

4、s quite different from that of most Chinese universities. Many visitors were amazed by the complex architectural space and abundant building types. The curves （曲线）of the buildings perfectly match the rise and fall of hills, forming a unique view.5Wang collected more than 7 million abandoned bricks o

5、f different ages. He asked the workers to use traditional techniques to make the bricks into walls, roofs and corridors. This creation attracted a lot of attention thanks to its mixture of modern and traditional Chinese elements （元素）.6Wang，s works show a deep understanding of modern architecture and

6、 a good knowledge of traditions. Through such a balance, he had created a new type of Chinese architecture, said Tadao Ando, the winner of the 1995 Pritzker Prize.7Wang believes traditions should not be sealed in glass boxes at museums. That is only evidence that traditions once existed, “ he said.“

7、 Many Chinese people have a misunderstanding of traditions. They think tradition means old things from the past. In fact, tradition also refers to the things that have been developing and that are still being created, “ he said.“Today, many Chinese people are learning Western styles and theories rat

8、her than focusing on Chinese traditions. Many people tend to talk about traditions without knowing whatfa汕fully adv.忠实地；准确地演绎法练通单句语法填空(2018d匕京高考)1 think the faith that everyone has shown in him has touched him.History is the best teacher. It faithfully (faith) records the development path of each co

9、untry and foretells the future to us.Besides, it is also very important that friends should be faithful (faith) to each other.I have lost faith in that company, but I kept faith with the manager.aim n.目标；目的；瞄准式.&.瞄准；对准；旨在；(向某方向)努力(l)achieve ones aim 达到某人的目的；实现某人的目标take aim at sb./sth.把目标对准某人/物;把批评的矛

10、头指向某人/物without aim 漫无目的地with the aim of 以为目标;意在/旨在(2)aim at/for 针对；瞄准；目的在于aim sth.at sb./sth.使某物朝向/瞄准某人或某物aim to do sth.意欲/企图/旨在做某事aim at doing sth. . ：. j意欲/企图/旨在做某事be aimed at doing sthj(3)aimless adj.漫无目的的aimlessly adv.漫无目的地演绎法练通单句语法填空(2019北京高考)All our projects aim promote (promote) the developme

11、nt of poor and remote communities.Jane moved aimlessly (aim) down the street, not knowing where she was heading.一句多译这项活动的目的旨在提高学生的听说能力。This activity is aimed at improving the students ability of listening and speaking.(aimed)The aim ofLthis activity is to improvethe students， ability of listening an

12、dspeaking.(aim n.)翻译句子（2019全国卷I书面表达）我写信的目的是申请一个成为志愿者的机会。语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了阿尔戈尔为了警告人们气候变化可能会 带来可怕的后果而制作了一部纪录片。Why did Gore make a worldwide tour?A. To build his political career.B To research on climate change.C. To provide private education for children.D. To raise public awareness about climate

13、change.解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句中的“in order to educate people about the effects of global warming”可知，Gore环游世界是想提高人们对于全球变暖这一气候问题的关 注度。What does the underlined word “reluctant“ in Para. 2 mean?A. Cheerful.B. Curious.C. Surprised.D. Unwilling.解析：选D 词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的“as he has always been a very private person”

14、 和“Eventually, though, David managed to persuade him.可知，Gore 一开始并不愿意接受好莱坞 制片人Laurie David的提议。What can we infer about the film?A. It was a great success.B It brought Gore in great money.It was far too scary for many people.It avoided the inconvenient crisis consequences.解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“he would b

15、e walking along the red carpet at the Cannes Film Festival and later collecting an Oscar for Best Documentary? ” 和第五段中的 “Gore is delighted that some schools are even using the DVD 可知，这部名为难以忽视的真 相的纪录片取得了巨大成功。What does the author try to say in the last paragraph?Personal contributions count.Wed better

16、 begin to change from now on.Gore，s efforts will make no difference to the world.Everyone shares the responsibility for the environment.解析：选A 段落大意题。根据文章末尾的“It may not seem as if the decisions of individuals can achieve very much, but put them all together and they may add up to something that will,

17、literally, change the world.“可知，作者认为，每个人的一小步加起来将是人类的一大步。B卷核心素养强化练I .完形填空At 13,1 read a magazine filled with all sorts of easy tips to go green. I started doing that I mean, it is kind of a big deal considering Earth doesn，t have an unlimited 2 of fresh water.My parents were also 3 for recycling and

18、reusing, so we became the ones who 4 rejected containers and used them for 5 and the ones who carried our own bags to the grocery store and our own 6 to the coffee shop.Later, I tried to let my flag fly! I either called out to whoever littered in public or collected magazines from my friends to 8 .

19、Then the strangest thing happened: people started 9 me. One by one, my friends began to turn off the lights, buy recycled notebooks, and10paper back into the printer to make use of the other 11. It，s not that they were so12about the environment, but they were drawn to my confidence.r m wild about en

20、vironmental protection and would stand 13 , saying, Yeah, this is what r m into. 14 others don，t share your enthusiasm, they will envy your confidence and want to be like you, and that means 15 your example.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者热衷环保的健康生活。A.at timesB. right awayC. after allD. at last解析：选 B 根据下文“I m

21、ean, it is kind of a big deal considering Earth doesn，t have an unlimited of fresh water.”可推知，作者认为节约用水事关重大，于是立马行动。A.amountB. controlC. useD. flow解析：选A作者意识到地球上的淡水资源总量是有限的。amount “数量”。A.famousB sorryC eagerD. suitable解析：选C 根据下文可知，作者的父母也加入进来，践行环保。beeagerfor “渴望”。A.washed outB took awayC gave outD. thre

22、w away解析：选A 与空前的“reusing”呼应可推知，作者一家把遗弃的容器清洗后用来贮存(storage) oA.collectionB.showC storageD.decoration解析：选C参见上题解析。6. A.drinksB.booksC. coinsD.cups解析：选D 根据空前的“carried our own bags to the grocery store”和作者一家的环保理念可推知，他们应该是带着自己的杯子去咖啡店。A.nobleB. highC. ambitiousD. green解析：选D 根据上文“filled with all sorts of eas

23、y tips to go green.”可推知，之后作者试着 把自己的环保理念传播给他人，故选D。A.recycleB. processC. resellD. donate解析：选A 结合作者的环保理念并根据语境可推知，作者从朋友那里收集杂志，循环 利用。A.servingB. copyingC- observingD. reminding解析：选 B 根据下文“One by one, my friends began to turn off the lights . make use of the other 可推知，作者的朋友开始仿效作者，加入环保行动。B , takeD. turnA.p

24、ayC. feed解析：选 C 根据空后的 “paper back into the printer to make use of the other并结 合语境可知，此处应是一种环保做法，即把纸重新放进打印机，使用纸的另一面(side)。feed 把放进”。B - partD. sideB concernedD. seriousA.sheetC version解析：选D参见上题解析。A.curiousC. optimistic解析：选B 根据该句Its not that. drawn to my confidence.”可推知,他们这样做并不 是他们关注环境，而是被作者的信心吸引，与上文作者

25、的朋友开始效仿作者，践行环保理念呼应。A.proudlyC. calmly解析：选A 根据上文中的“but they were 信心满满，并以此为傲。A.Now thatB. politelyD. patientlydrawn to my confidence”可推知，作者热衷环保,B . Even ifC. UnlessD. Before解析：选B 根据语境可知，此处表示即使其他人不能分享你的热情，但他们将羡慕你 的信心，并且想像你一样。A.settingB. makingC. givingD. following解析：选 D 结合语境“they will envy your confide

26、nce and want to be like you”可孑隹知,这意味着人们会被你的信心所感染，效仿你的环保行为。II.语法填空(2020贵B日监飒U)As the effects of global warming, rising sea levels and natural disasters become more serious before, some local communities are taking action. Among them is one community in Florida 2 local people and government officials

27、are proving successful in protecting 3 (coast) cities from the dangers of rising sea levels.The community has studied how much sea levels will rise and has suggested 4 (way) to address the problem. It has persuaded the state government 5 (ban) new developments on land near the coastline and recommen

28、ded building sand dunes (沙丘)along beaches. Kristin Jacobs, one of the groups founders, decided to take action in 2008 after it became 6 (gradual) clear that her state? s 27 water authorities couldn，t agree on joint (联合的)action.While some Florida government officials doubt whether the climate will be

29、come hotter or 7 (cold), the people g (live) in these locations are certain of the need to protect their communities.At present, coming up with ways to fight against the effects of climate change under a limited budget 9 (be) a pressing concern. Only time will tell whether these coastal communities

30、will succeed in 10 end.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了美国佛罗里达州为应对海平面上升而做 出的努力。than 考查连词。由与该句中的“more”呼应可知，此处表示比较的含义，故填连词than。where 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词one community in Florida,引导词在从句中作地点状语，故用where来引导该定语从句。coastal考查形容词。修饰名词应用形容词，故用形容词coastal修饰名词cities,作 定语。ways考查名词的单复数。way是可数名词，且其前无限定词修饰，应用其复数形式， 故填way

31、soto ban 考查非谓语动词。persuade sb. to do sth.”劝说某人做某事”为固定用法，故 用不定式作宾语补足语。gradually 考查副词。修饰动词应用副词，故用副词gradually修饰其前的动词became, 在句中作状语。colder 考查形容词比较级。根据语境中的“or”可知，此处与“hotter相对应，应用形 容词比较级，故填colder。living 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句子主语the people和动词live构成逻 辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词短语作后置定语。is考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据该句中的时间状语“Atpresent”可知，此

32、处应用 一般现在时；又因为该句的主语为动名词短语coming up with ways,谓语动词应用单数形式, 故填isothe考查冠词。intheend意为“最终”，为固定搭配，故填定冠词the。Unit 5对应课标主题语境The power of nature人与自然人类生存、社会发展与环境的关系一、高考这样考/新高考已由“知识立意转向素养立意”高考语篇不仅是用于“做”的，在很大程度上是用于“品”的作为晨读价值很大噢!（2019浙江 6 月高考阅读理解 C ）lCalifornia has lost half its big trees since the 1930s, according

33、 to a study to be published Tuesday and climate change seems to be a major factor （因 素）.2The number of trees larger than two feet across has declined by 50 percent on more than 46,000 square miles of California forests, the new study finds. No area was spared or unaffected, from the foggy northern c

34、oast to the Sierra Nevada Mountains to the San Gabriels above Los Angeles. In the Sierra high country, the number of big trees has fallen by more than 55 percent; in parts of southern California the decline was nearly 75 percent.3Many factors contributed to the decline, said Patrick McIntyre, an eco

35、logist who was the lead author of the study. Woodcutters targeted big trees. Housing development pushed into the woods. Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests crowded with small trees that compete with big trees for resources （资源）.4But in comparing a study of California forests done

36、 in the 1920s and 1930s with another one between 2001 and 2010, McIntyre and his colleagues documented a widespread death of big trees that was evident even in wildlands protected from woodcutting or development.5The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water

37、 shortage. The researchers figured out water stress with a computer model that calculated how much water trees were getting in comparison with how much they needed, taking into account such things as rainfall, air temperature, dampness of soil, and the timing of snowmelt （融雪）.6Since the 1930s, McInt

38、yre said, the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures, which cause trees to lose more water to the air, and earlier snowmelt, which reduces the water supply available to trees during the dry season.（语篇中黑体词汇为主题词汇）真题不厌百回做What is the second paragraph mainly ab

39、out?A. The seriousness of big-tree loss in California. B The increasing variety of California big trees.C. The distribution of big trees in California forests.D. The influence of farming on big trees in California.解析：选 A 段落大意题。根据第二段中的The number of trees .declined by 50 percent. more than 55 percent

40、.75 percent”提至I的数字可知，该段主要描述了加利福尼亚州各地森林中 大树都急剧减少的严重性，故选A。Which of the following is well-intentioned but may be bad for big trees?A. Ecological studies of forests.B Banning woodcutting.C. Limiting housing development.D. Fire control measures.解析：选 D 推理判断题。根据第三段中的 u Aggressive wildfire control .compete

41、with big trees for resources （资源）.“可知，声势浩大的野外火灾控制措施虽然一定程度上保护了森林, 但同时也导致小树泛滥，与大树竞争资源，从而导致大树数量减少，故选D。What is a major cause of the water shortage according to McIntyre?A. Inadequate snowmelt.B. A longer dry season.C. A warmer climate.D. Dampness of the air.解析：选C 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“McIntyre said, the bigges

42、t factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures”可知，McIntyre 认为 水资源短缺的主要原 因是逐渐上升的气温，故选C。What can be a suitable title for the text?A. California，s Forests: Where Have All the Big Trees Gone?B Cutting of Big Trees to Be Prohibited in California SoonWhy Are the Big Trees Imp

43、ortant to California Forests?Patrick McIntyre: Grow More Big Trees in California解析：选A 标题归纳题。阅读全文可知，文章主要介绍了美国加利福尼亚州森林中大 树数量急剧减少的现象，并分析了其原因。因此A项能很好地概括全文。考查素养深发掘一、依据语篇隐性考查的语言能力.主题词汇语境中回顾（文中黑体词汇多揣摩）.熟词生义语境中辨析（写出黑体词汇的语境之义）The number of trees larger than two feet across has declined by 50 percent on more

44、than 46,000 square miles of California forests, the new study finds,宽No area was spared or unaffected, from the foggy northern coast to the Sierra Nevada Mountains to the San Gabriels above Los Angeles.幸免.生僻词汇语境中推断（写出汉语意思并识记积累）Many factors contributed to the decline, said Patrick McIntyre, an ecolog

45、ist who was the lead author of the study.生态学家Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests crowded with small trees that compete with big trees for resources （资源）.声势浩大的.用构词法解构词汇多领悟（写出词源或意义）No area was spared or unaffected, from the foggy northern coast to the Sierra Nevada Mountains to the

46、 San Gabriels above Los Angeles.该词由前缀 un-构成，意为：未受影响的Woodcutters targeted big trees.名词用作动词，意为：以为目标But in comparing a study of California forests done in the 1920s and 1930s with another one between 2001 and 2010, McIntyre and his colleagues documented a widespread death of big trees that was evident

47、even in wildlands protected from woodcutting or development.名词用作动词，意为：（用文件）证明（或证实）The researchers figured out water stress with a computer model that calculated how much water trees were getting in comparison with how much they needed, taking into account such things as rainfall, air temperature, da

48、mpness of soil, and the timing of snowmelt （融雪）. 该词由后缀 -ness构成，意为：潮湿.用语法知识破译长难句The researchers figured out water stress with a computer model that calculated how much water trees were getting in comparison with how much they needed, taking into account such things as rainfall, air temperature, dampn

49、ess of soil, and the timing of snowmelt （融雪）.分析：这是一个主从复合句。句子主干是The researchers figured out water stresso that引 导定语从句,修饰先行词a computer model,在此从句中，第一个how much引导的从句作 calculate的宾语;第二个how much引导的从句作in comparison with的宾语。现在分词短语 taking into account作伴随状语。译文：研究人员利用计算机模型计算出了水压，该模型计算出了树木获得的水量，与它 们所需的水量进行比较，并将降

50、雨量、气温、土壤湿度和融雪时间等因素考虑的内。Since the 1930s, McIntyre said, the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures, which cause trees to lose more water to the air, and earlier snowmelt, which reduces the water supply available to trees during the dry season.分析：这是一个复合句。句子的

51、主干是 the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures .and earlier snowmelt,第一个 which 弓I 导的定语从句修饰先行词 rising temperatures,第二个which引导的定语从句修饰先行词earlier snowmelt。译文：McIntyre说，自20世纪30年代以来，导致该州水资源紧张的最大因素是气温升高，这导致树木向空气中流失更多的水分，以及过早的融雪，从而减少了旱季树木的供水量。.理清文章脉络文意通、解题准Para. 1

52、Para. 1L 引出话题：一项研究指出，加州的大树已经 n减少了一半之多;王妻原因为气候的变化,通过列举一系列数据陈述了加州各地Para.2料大树减少的河,情况加州森 林大树 减少的 原因加州森 林大树 减少的 原因Para. 3Para. 4、分析造成加州大树减少的三个可能 卜因素、不同时期的两项研窕的对比否定了 卜其中的两个囱案,大树减少最严重的地：本段说明水资源 Para5卜区水废源短缺极严重:短缺的主要原因-7T普督号湃雪鼾唁一：温，由此29题答案 Paia.6要原因是气温的上升水落石出。二、煨塑新型人才所考查的思维品质文中第30题主要考查学生的概括性思维。如果只看到砍伐树木，那就只

53、看到了局 部信息，而掉入命题人故意设置的陷阱，误选B项。应结合首段的主题句以及整篇文章的综 合叙述，加以概括才能得出：美国加利福尼亚州森林中大树数量急剧减少的现象以及原因， 故选Ao三、贴合主流价值观所考查的文化意识本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国加利福尼亚州的森林中大树急剧减少的现象及其原因。该篇属于“人与自然”中的“人类生存、社会发展与环境的关系”子话题范 畴，旨在引导学生了解社会发展不能违背自然规律。自然和人类社会的关系就恰如水与舟的 关系，二者关系处理的好坏直接关系到整个人类社会的可持续发展。选文切合现实，对于提 高人们的环保意识具有促进作用。主题素材积累运用Delivered a

54、t the 19th National Congressof the Communist Party of ChinaMan and nature form a community of life; we, as human beings, must respect nature, follow its ways, and protect it. Only by observing the laws of nature can mankind avoid costly blunders in its exploitation. Any harm we inflict on nature wil

55、l eventually return to haunt us. This is a reality we have to face.The modernization that we pursue is one characterized by harmonious coexistence between man and nature. In addition to creating more material and cultural wealth to meet people，s ever-increasing needs for a better life, we need also

56、to provide more quality ecological goods to meet peoples ever-growing demands for a beautiful environment. We should, acting on the principles of prioritizing resource conservation and environmental protection and letting nature restore itself, develop spatial layouts, industrial structures, and way

57、s of work and life that help conserve resources and protect the environment. With this, we can restore the serenity, harmony, and beauty of nature.在中国共产党第十九次全国代表大会上的报告人与自然是生命共同体，人类必须尊重自然、顺应自然、保护自然。人类只有遵循自然 规律才能有效防止在开发利用自然上走弯路，人类对大自然的伤害最终会伤及人类自身，这 是无法抗拒的规律。我们要建设的现代化是人与自然和谐共生的现代化，既要创造更多物质财富和精神财富 以满足人民

58、日益增长的美好生活需要，也要提供更多优质生态产品以满足人民日益增长的优 美生态环境需要。必须坚持节约优先、保护优先、自然恢复为主的方针，形成节约资源和保 护环境的空间格局、产业结构、生产方式、生活方式，还自然以宁静、和谐、美丽。二、备考这样学八轮复习应由“依托教材”转向“依托课标”茎自学区 学生为主体，语言基础从广度上积累(一)主题阅读类词汇多多益善1.回顾单元词汇第一组：阅读单词知其意(l)diagram n.图解；图表；示意图(2)volcano n.火山(3)ash n. 灰；灰末(4)hurricane n.飓风；风暴(5)questionnaire n. 问卷； 调查表(6)samp

59、le n. 样品；样本(7)database n,数据库；资料库(8)fountain vi. & vt.泉水般地喷出或涌出n. 喷泉；源泉(9)helmet机头盔(10)boot n.靴子(ll)bungalow n. 平房；小屋(12)typhoon n. 台风(13)thunderstorm n. 雷暴(14)document n, 文件；证件(15)rainbow n.彩虹(16)balcony n.阳台(17)arouse vt.激发；唤醒第二组：重点单词写其形I am writing with the aim of applying for the chance to become

60、 a volunteer. adopt vt.采用；采纳；收养单句语法填空The family has adopted a homeless child as their own.Many animal welfare organizations provide care and adoption (adopt) services for homeless animals.Parents who have an adopted child want to know whether they should tell the child he or she is adopted.(adopt)补全