Economics Notes微观经济学-英文笔记-需求_第1页
Economics Notes微观经济学-英文笔记-需求_第2页
Economics Notes微观经济学-英文笔记-需求_第3页
Economics Notes微观经济学-英文笔记-需求_第4页
Economics Notes微观经济学-英文笔记-需求_第5页
已阅读5页,还剩2页未读 继续免费阅读

下载本文档

版权说明:本文档由用户提供并上传,收益归属内容提供方,若内容存在侵权,请进行举报或认领

文档简介

1、PAGE PAGE 7氨Pavane唉s Econo熬mics No白tes颁4爱th拔 Feb 20斑09啊Economi艾cs is t俺he stud耙y of ho埃w we us熬e our l哀imited 霸means t蔼o satis疤fy our 叭unlimit案ed want捌s.背Limited蔼 Means哀 Al柏l peopl叭e have 百limited扳 time, 版skills 挨and mon哎ey so t霸hey hav唉e to ma扒ke choi唉ces to 挨how to 挨use the唉m to th暗e best 氨advanta

2、皑ge for 碍them.Choice癌肮 Si跋nce we 蔼cant h拌ave eve熬rything拔 we wan按t as we鞍 have l笆imited 耙means w搬e have 跋to make昂 decisi哀ons. (D芭ecision唉s betwe埃en alte氨rnative扮s)安Opportu懊nity Co班st澳摆 Th拌e next 氨best al叭ternati挨ve forg靶one whe捌n a dec扒ision i啊s made.蔼5斑th安 Feb 20伴09瓣Opportu般nity co澳st傲Unlimit邦ed wa

3、nt氨s按Choice扒Scarcit罢y巴Limited鞍 means凹盎The eco败nomics 斑problem百 is 靶scarcit皑y岸. This 捌means t背hat we 跋have 阿limited邦 means芭 but 胺unlimit靶ed want鞍s蔼. Becau柏se of t绊his we 罢have to扒 make a袄 板choice办. Every澳 choice安 has an芭 佰opportu隘nity co佰st阿.Needs拜氨 Th盎ose thi敖ngs we 蔼require般 in ord皑er to s斑ustain 拔

4、life.笆熬e.g. fo蔼od, clo唉thing a把nd shel挨terWants懊皑 Th班ings we拜 desire耙 to mak般e our l八ife mor斑e enjoy叭able.耙熬e.g. ce捌ll phon柏e, ster败eo, SPA扮敖Wants伴 change绊 as we 绊get old氨er beca按use our半 俺tastes 唉change岸 and ne把w thing隘s are i哀ntroduc矮ed as 哎technol蔼ogy imp爱roves佰.瓣Unlimit哎ed want办s昂Limited白 Means扒

5、Scarcit百y跋Choice颁Opportu斑nity co蔼st暗17伴th皑 Feb 20巴09Values绊扮 Co傲re beli皑efs or 罢princip白les tha稗t influ拔ence yo百ur deci拌sions.埃Hones跋ty啊叭Integ版rity凹案Fair-邦trading爸靶Consi芭deratio吧n of ot扮hers矮Influen跋ts on v笆alues:扒肮Culture疤, 凹Environ安ment拌, 搬Educati笆on搬, 拔Upbring凹ing般 (Famil捌y)凹霸Interne隘t, Fina半nceD

6、emand巴隘 De哎mand is埃 the am案ount of斑 a good傲 or ser氨vice th氨at a pe靶rson is熬 willin拌g and a芭ble to 哀purchas隘e at ea罢ch pric邦e.唉The law暗 of Dem鞍and:绊绊 As瓣 the pr啊ice of 挨a good 傲or serv颁ice ris柏es, the暗 quanti搬ty dema盎nded fa半lls or 板as the 邦price f懊alls th霸e quant胺ity dem邦anded i氨ncrease唉s, cete艾ris

7、par昂ibus. 傲Ceteris肮 paribu靶s败瓣 Al矮l other扒 factor昂s remai伴n const癌ant.扳17埃th跋 Feb 20瓣09傲Hughs 袄weekly 摆Quantit办y Deman瓣ded sch巴edule岸Price 版$艾Quantit邦y deman澳ded芭0.50袄30坝1.00伴20挨1.50爱12敖2.00爱7T邦哀Title i暗s clear凹 starti耙ng what半 the gr暗aph sho隘ws and 癌the tim绊e perio靶d.A昂鞍Even an笆d appro拜priate 鞍scal

8、e o盎n your 挨axis.L板班Label a败xes wit疤h item 凹and uni皑te.P安袄Plot yo鞍ur poin半ts and 般join th半em usin盎g a rul敖er.澳22暗nd板 Feb 20安09凹Determi埃nants o爸f Deman搬d瓣 白扒Influen靶ts, oth巴er than袄 price,熬 that w案ill inf背luent t版he amou矮nt cons盎umers 哎purchas暗e.碍颁Incom胺e啊伴Taste扳/ Fashi按on败爸Price哎 of sub傲stitute稗s熬跋P

9、rice昂 of Com半plement芭ary goo搬ds啊唉Seaso霸ns柏Substit胺ute坝八Goods t捌hat can霸 be use凹d to in捌stead o摆f other捌 goods.挨凹e.g. bu笆tter an唉d marga熬rine : 霸 If the背 price 般of butt拔er incr埃eases, 败more pe背ople wi白ll buy 胺margari傲ne as i跋t is re八lating 佰cheaper斑.隘Complim搬ents白艾Goods t背hat are爸 used t傲ogether半.拌翱e

10、.g. DV扮Ds and 挨DVD pla八yers : 版 When p岸rice of阿 DVD pl版ayers d奥ecrease版 there 案is an i凹ncrease巴 in dem凹and for吧 DVDs.懊Change 懊in Dema挨nd隘坝 Ch隘ange in跋 demand暗 is cau跋se by a颁 change昂 in det颁erminan芭ts and 摆will re懊sult in案 a move扳ment of傲 the en凹tire de搬mand cu柏rve.伴啊e.g. De搬crease 霸in Dema斑nd : th敖

11、e deman稗d has d拔ecrease绊 at eac岸h price爸.按4熬th挨 Mar 20斑09板Demand 澳Schedul疤e隘耙A t背able sh挨owing t矮he quan芭tity of碍 a good敖 or ser百vice th佰at cons百umer is澳 willin岸g and a胺ble to 傲purchas柏e at va埃rious p办rices, 艾in a gi板ven tim挨e perio佰d, cete瓣ris par碍ibus.罢16班th奥 Mar 20扒09半Inferio班r Goods罢佰 Th把ey are

12、扳poorer 傲quality耙 goods 澳that yo柏u will 埃buy les摆s as yo搬ur inco埃me rise把s. 盎哎e.g. ch鞍eap cut巴s of me八at inst敖ead of 熬steak皑Normal 啊Goods凹懊 Go巴ods tha巴t you w肮ill but爱 more a扳s your 肮income 哀rises.安Necessi案ties板办 Th搬ings ne按eded to昂 sustai案n life.笆 Necess坝ities a败re usua佰lly nor岸mal goo埃ds so y白ou w

13、ill百 buy mo芭re as y按our inc班ome ris败es.把Luxurie把s爸摆 It拔ems not靶 needed佰 but ma唉ke your般 life m笆ore enj斑oyable.澳 Househ凹olds on岸 low in哎comes s阿pend a 吧small p般roporti唉on of t癌heir in拔come on伴 luxuri笆es. As 肮a house扒holds 绊income 唉rises t版hey spe袄nd a gr板eater p拌roporti叭on of t半heir in吧come on瓣 luxur

14、i捌es.搬Househo佰ld百爸 A 傲person 稗or grou氨p of in碍dividua稗ls (fam罢ilies, 翱flat ma坝tes) li扳ving to搬gether 绊under o案ne roof胺.奥Aggrega靶te Hous皑ehold E阿xpendit版ure袄芭 Th矮e spend盎ing of 阿all hou熬seholds百 taken 叭as a si爱ngle gr罢oup.熬Average办 weekly昂 Expend盎iture f奥or all 哎househo翱lds 200拜1巴Expendi霸ture Gr瓣oup把

15、$ Spend半%捌Degree跋Food岸124.90背16.47按59稗Home ow扳nership啊 and re暗nt氨181.00佰23.87跋86八Clothin跋g and f搬ootwear哎24.50傲3.23爸12办Househo安ld oper昂ation阿97.00捌12.79吧46懊Car own袄ership 耙and run吧ning挨120.70半15.92把57熬Other g扮oods氨85.00邦11.20班40伴Other s敖ervices斑125.30拌16.52凹60盎Total背758.40皑19稗th坝 Mar 20败09癌Spendin班g

16、 Patte胺rns坝疤 As百 a pers埃ons in袄come in奥creases败 they m跋ay spen胺d more 拔money b把ut they罢 genera熬lly wil白l save 阿more败安e.g. If傲 a pers背on earn稗s $1000伴 and sa翱ves $10肮0, he s啊pends 9拔0% and 傲saves 1熬0%. If 鞍his inc暗ome inc肮reases 班to $120澳0, he s按pends $班1020 (8蔼5%) and碍 save 1昂80 (15%哀).傲傲 Th唉e amoun

17、版t he 拔spend颁 has in啊creased爱 but as瓣 a perc澳entage 疤of his 癌income 颁has 佰fallen癌. The p瓣ercenta跋ge of t耙he 矮savings安 has in靶creased挨.板Consump鞍tion疤半 Th蔼e spend啊ing on 癌goods a佰nd serv啊ices.癌Group1-拔 Basic 板Necessi俺ties蔼敖-For ho袄usehold坝 with l凹ow leve碍ls of i笆ncome s傲pend mo伴st of t拌heir mo安ney on

18、翱this gr巴oup wit阿h a lit肮tle bas吧ic serv芭ices an艾d even 熬smaller安 luxuri搬es. The蔼y have 拔no savi吧ngs.背Group2-瓣 Basic 捌Service版s败佰-All le懊vels of霸 income扳 mainly板 in low爸-level 版incomes案 use th班is.白Group3-半 Luxury暗 goods 白and ser罢vices懊This is佰 for ho半usehold啊s with 安higher 蔼level o芭f incom俺e as th百ey are 柏able to矮 afford埃 more a氨nd bett稗er qual摆ity pro隘ducts/s邦ervices巴.安Group4-罢 Saving碍s碍- Sav佰ings is白 what h矮ousehol斑ds with百 high i白ncome l哀evels d芭o as th颁ey have罢 money 隘left af捌ter buy拔ing nec疤essitie白s and n凹ormal g奥oods.Graph皑按-This

温馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
  • 2. 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等,如果需要附件,请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸,网页内容里面会有图纸预览,若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
  • 4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑,并不能对任何下载内容负责。
  • 6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容,请与我们联系,我们立即纠正。
  • 7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。

评论

0/150

提交评论