短文语法填空专题强化训练三(解析版)

1、 2020 高考英语【短文语法填空】专题强化训练三Test 1Long before Barack Obama became president of the United States,he wrote a book _1_(call) Dream from My Father: A Story of Race and Inheritance, which has since become_2_bestseller. It is an_ 3_ (appeal)book that includes what he went through during _4_(he) childhood. O

2、bama has little contact with his father _5_ roots were in Kenya because he left home when Obama was very young. His mother got married _6_ a student from Indonesia shortly after the family moved to Jakarta. A few years later, Obama came back with his grandparents to Hawaii, where he _7_(attend)a pri

3、vate high school. _8_(study)at Columbia in New York City,he then entered Harvard Law School. This autobiography also touches _9_(heavy) on Obamas exposure to racism. Readers will find his reflections of childhood _10_(experience)which involved racial discrimination to be especially moving.【 语篇解读 】文章

4、讲述了奥巴马在当选为总统之前，特别是小时候和青少年时期的一些经历。.called 考查非谓语。此处运用了过去分词作定语，因为 a book 与 call 之间是被动关系。故填 called 。.a 考查冠词。句意：这本书从此成为畅销书。此处泛指 “一本畅销书 ” 。故填 a。.appealing 考查非谓语。 此处运用了形容词作定语来修饰名词 book ， 指 “一本吸引人的书 ”。 故填 appealing 。.his 考查代词。修饰名词需要形容词性物主代词，指 “他的童年时期 ”。故填 his。.whose 考查连词。本句运用了定语从句，先行词是his father ， 引导词在定语从句中

5、作定语修饰roots。故填 whose。.to考查介词(固定搭配)。get married to sb.是固定搭配，指与某人结婚”的意思。故填to。.attended 考查时态。 文章讲述的是奥巴马小时候的故事， 所以谓语动词要用一般过去时态。 故填 at-tended。 8.Having studied 考查非谓语。句意：在纽约的哥伦比亚大学学习之后，他进入了哈佛法学院。句子的谓语是entered,主语he与study之间是主动关系，而且 study的动作发生于 entered动作之前，所以用现在分词的完成时形式作时间状语。故填Having studied 。.heavily 考查副词。修饰

6、谓语动词touches 需要用副词。故填故填 heavily。.experiences 考查名词。此处指奥巴马的童年经历， 作 “经历 ”讲时， experience 是可数名词， 一般用 复数形式。故填experiences。Test 2For the first time in 94 years, the Palace Museum has extended its opening hours, allowing the public to celebrate the Lantern Festival at night in the ancient palace.About 3 ， 000

7、 lucky visitors received free tickets from the government, among 1.was ZhangIt isZhifu, a 77-year-old public security volunteer. It as mark of gratitude for her volunteer work.2.(true) an honor to be granted this special privilege ， ” Zhang said.To guarantee the 3.(safe) of the palace, festival orga

8、nizers 4.(plan) this year sLantern Festival event used LED lights rather than traditional paper lanterns and red candles. It asfascinating event for visitors to absorb 5.(they) in the festive atmosphere in the museum. Discussion of thePalace Museum s new look lit up social media following Tuesday s

9、display.Since he became director of the Palace Museum, Shan Jixiang 6.(bring) many changes to theworld s 7.(large) imperial complex建筑群).Once in a speech Shan shared his idea about how tomake traditional 8.(treasure) come alive again. He said,“ 9.matters to a munot how many visitors they have, but ho

10、w close they are 10.people s daily lives. ”【 语篇解读 】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了故宫博物院自建院 94 年以来首次在元宵节晚间对部分 公众免费开放，这引发了众多关注。.whom 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，本句为非限制性定语从句，且先行词 “ About 3， 000 lucky visitors 在从句中作介词 ”among 的宾语，指人，所以应用关系代词whom 引导。故填whom 。.truly 解析：考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空格处所在句子结构完整，应用副词修饰整个句子。故填 truly 。3.safety 解析：

11、考查词性转换。根据空格前的“th破其后的o何推知，此处应用名词。故填 safety。.planning 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处动词plan 与逻辑主语 festival organizers 之间构成主动关系，所以应用现在分词形式。故填planning 。.themselves 解析：考查代词。此处动词 absorb 后的宾语应与逻辑主语visitors 保持一致，所以应用反身代词themsekes作宾语。故填 themsekes。.has brought 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。 since 引导时间状语从句时，主句中的谓语动词通常用现在完成时，且主语是第三人称单数。故填has

12、brought。7.largest 解析：考查形容词的最高级。此处表示单霁翔对这个世界上最大的建筑群做了许多改善。故此处应用形容词的最高级形式。故填largest。.treasures 解析：考查名词的单复数。 treasure 意为 “珍宝 ” ，是可数名词，再根据语境可知，此处应用其复数形式，表示 “传统的珍宝” 。故填treasures。.What 解析：考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语，所以此处应用连接代词 what 引导。注意首字母大写。故填 What 。.to 解析：考查介词。 close to 意为 “接近，靠近”，是固定短语。故填to 。Te

13、st 3Ahh.Fish, chips and soft peas! There is nothing _1_(much)British than fish and chips. Freshly cookedfish and chips, covered in salt, wrapped in newspaper and _2_(eat)out of doors on a cold day,_3_(simple)cannot be beaten! So how, when and where did this typicallyBritish dish come about?The potat

14、o _4_(think)to have been brought to England from the New World in the 17 th century _5_ Sir Walter Raleigh although it is believed that the French invented the fried potato chip.Both Lancashire and London claim to be the first _6_(invent)this famous meal. In 1838, Charles Dickens _7_(refer)to fried

15、fish warehouses( 仓库 ) ” in _8_ novel Oliver Twist.Ordinary people soon decided that putting fried fish and chips together was a very tasty _9_(combine)and so was born the dish of fish and chips! The first fish and chip shop in the North of England was founded in Mossley around 1863. Mr.Lees sold fis

16、h and chips from a wooden house in the market and later he moved the business to a shop across the road _10_ had the following words on the window, This is the first fish and chip shop in the world. 【 语篇解读 】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英式美食炸鱼和炸土豆条的诞生过程l.more 考查比较级。 句意： 没有什么比炸鱼和薯条更英式的了。 根据 than 可知这里用比较级， 所以填 more。.e

17、aten 考查非谓语动词 eat 的逻辑主语是fish and chips ， 它们之间是被动关系， 用过去分词作定语， 所eaten。3.simply 考查副词。该空修饰整个句子，用副词，所以填4.is thought ； 考查时态和语态。 描述主语现在的状态，用被动语态， 所以填 is thought 。.by 考查介词。句意：土豆被认为是17世纪由沃尔特以填 by。.to invent 考查不定式。修饰序数词，用不定式作定语，simply。用一般现在时， “土豆 ”和 “认为 ”之间是被动关系，罗利爵士从新大陆带到英国的。文中表示 “被 ” ，所所以填 to invent.referre

18、d 考查时态。 根据时间状语 In1838 ，可知是脏 发生在过去的事情， 用一般过去时， 所以填 referred ，.his/the考查代词/冠词，句意：1838年，查尔斯 前 狄更斯在他的/这部小说雾都孤儿中提到 炸鱼仓库 ” ，文中表示 “他的/这部小说雾都孤儿) ”，所以填 his/bination 考查名词。句意：普通人很快就决定把炸鱼和炸土豆条放在一起是一种非常美味的组合，于是炸鱼和炸土豆条就这样诞生了!前面有冠词，故该空需要填名词， 所以填 combination 。.that/which 考查定语从句。 10hadthefol -lowing words on the win

19、dow 是一个定语从句， 先行词是 a shop.关系词在从句中作主语， 指物， 所以填 that/which 。Test 4There are many reasons 1.college and university students often fail 2.(get) a full night s of sleep. Many American students are away from their parents for the first time when they attend college.They might not be used to having total 3.

20、(free) to plan their days and nights. Parties, late-night studymeetings, or just time spent relaxing with friends these are all things that cut into college studentsA few years ago, Michael Scullin began teaching 4.science of sleep to psychology students atBaylor University in Waco, Texas. Scullin i

21、s an assistant professor at Baylor and the director of its Sleep Neuroscience and Cognition Laboratory. He said his students seemed to enjoy the class and were interested in the material he was teaching. The class 5.(center) around why the body needs to sleep and the physicaland mental health proble

22、ms 6.(cause) by lack of sleep. These include difficulty focusing on studiesor 7.(control) one s emotions, and increased risk of many diseases.The United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention states that adults need at least seven hours sleep a night to stay 8.(health). Scullin found stud

23、ents who slept more performed9.(well) in two different classes, 10. he published his findings in two academicpublications last November.【 语篇解读 】 文章介绍了大学生睡眠不足的问题，以及贝勒大学的副教授的研究发现。.why 解析：考查定语从句。句意：大学生经常睡不了整夜的觉有许多原因。本空考查定语从句，后面的从句成分完整且前面的先行词是reasons故填why。.to get 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处表示大学生睡不了整夜的觉。 fail to do sth. 为固定搭配，意为 “未能 做某事 ” 。故填 to get 。.freedom 解析：考查词性转换。句意：他们可能不习惯完全自由地去计划自己的白天