选修八Unit1Reading课文知识点课件

1、Unit 1A land of diversityLearning about languageLanguage pointsWords and phrases1.第三大州 2.最具多元文化的州 3.世界各地 4.这些移民的风俗习惯和语言 5.继续生存 the third largest statethe most multicultural stateall over the worldthe customs and languages of the immigrantslive on 1. California is the third largest state in the USA b

2、ut has the largest population. 加利福尼亚是美国第三大洲，但是人口最多。(1) 对人口提问用what, 不用how many或 how much。Whats the population of the city? 这个城市有多少人口？ (2) population 作主语，但前有分数、小数或百分数时，谓语动词用复数。 The population of China is larger than that of America. 中国人口比美国人口多。 80% of the population are farmers. 百分之80的人口是农民。 (3) 人口的增加

3、或减少用grow (increase) 和 fall (decrease); 人口的多少用large和small修饰。 There has been a rapid increase in population in the city in the last few years. 过去几年这座城市人口增长很快。2. It also has the distinction of being the most multicultural state in the USA, 加州与众不同之处在于它也是美国最具多元文化的一个州，It also has the distinction of being

4、意思是What it is known for is 前缀multi-是“多、多方面、多方想”的意思。如： multi-coloured (多色的), multi-racial (多种族的), multi-media (多媒体), multiparty (多党制 ), multi-purpose (多种用途)1.最早的一批人2.很可能 3至少4.借助; 5一座大陆桥 6被迫成为 7此外 8 死于 9艰难时期 10史前时期the first peopleIt is likely thatat leastby means ofa land bridgebe forced intoin additi

5、ondie fromthese terrible timesin prehistoric times 3. Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really knows. no one really knows 是主句, exactly when California是knows的宾语从句。what we California是宾语从句, 作介词in的宾语。 4. However, it is likely that Native Americans were livin

6、g in California at least fifteen thousand years ago. 1) sb./sth. is likely to do sth. 某人/某物有可能做某事 It is likely/probable/possible that . 有可能 It is possible for sb. to do sth. . 有可能做.2) 辨析：likely, possible与probable possible指客观上有可能性，但往往含有希望很小的意味；probable比possible可能性稍大，有“较为可能、大概”，指有实际依据；likely是从外表迹象判断有可

7、能发生的事。probable: 句型为 It is probable thatpossible: 句型为 Its possible (for sb.) to do sth. / Its possible thatlikely的主语可以是人，而possible与probable的主语不能是人。 5. In the 16th century, after the arrival of Europeans, the native people suffered greatly.vi. 受痛苦；受损害vt. 遭受；忍受suffer 辨析：suffer与suffer from suffer (vt.)

8、和suffer from的区别：suffer 指一般的损害、痛苦等等, 其宾语为pain, loss, grief, insult, punishment, wrong, hardship, injustice, discouragement, disappointment, setback (挫折)，但suffer from表示遭受战争，自然灾害带来的苦难及患病之意。 suffer the result / heavy losses / injuries承受结果/遭受大损失/负伤 suffer from headache / illness / war / the flood 遭受头痛/疾病

9、的困扰/战争洪水1.与打仗 2.占领他们的土地 3.定居 4. 宗教人士 5.获得独立 6.对某人宣战 7.强烈的影响 fight againsttake their landsettle inreligious mengain ones independencedeclare war on sba strong influence 7. Spanish soldiers first arrived in South America in the early 16th century, when they fought against the native people and took th

10、eir land. 16世纪早期, 西班牙士兵到达南美洲, 这时同土著人作斗争并占领这片土地。 fight for “为事业, 自由, 真理, 权利等而斗争(战斗)”fight against (可用with) the enemy “为反对而斗争”；接人和国家名词， 意思是“与战斗” fight with sb. 也可表示与某人并肩作战辨析: fight against, fight for与fight with 8. Of the first Spanish to go to California, the majority were religious men, whose ministr

11、y was to teach the Catholic religion to the natives.1)句中Spanish前面有序数词限定成分，故其后用不定式定语形式。She was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize.the majority of后可用单数名词, 也可用复数名词, 谓语动词的数与of 后面的名词相一致。The majority of people prefer peace to war. The majority of the damage is easy to repair. 1.在19世纪六十年代 2.实际上 3.实现某人的

12、梦想 4.回家 5.谋生 6.决定做某事 in the early 1800sin factachieve ones dreamreturn homemake a livingelect to do 9. Some died or returned home, but most remained in California to make a life for themselves despite great hardship.1) remain用作不及物动词, 意为 “剩下、留下、呆在”, 相当于stay。Whentheothershadgone,Joanremained(=stayed)t

13、ocleantheroom. remain作连系动词, 意为 “一直保持,仍然处于某种状态中”,后可接多种成分作表语。1)接名词作表语 PeterbecameamanagerbutJohnremainedaworker. Theirmarriageremainsasecret.2)接形容词作表语 Whatevergreatprogressyouhavemade,youshouldremainmodest.Theshopremainsopenuntil11atnight.3)接过去分词作表语, 表示主语所处的状态或已经发生的被动动作。如:Theyneverremainedsatisfiedwit

14、htheirsuccesses.(表主语所处的状态)Theyremainedlockedintheroom. (已经发生的被动动作)4) 接现在分词作表语,表示正在进行的主动动作。如: Theguestscamein,butsheremainedsittingatthedeskreading. (正在进行的主动动作) Theyremainedlistening.5)接不定式作表语, 表示将来的动作。如:Thisremainstobeproved.(将来被动动作) Whetheritwilldousgoodremainstobeseen.6)接介词短语作表语Ihaveremainedintouc

15、hwiththeGreensformorethan10years.Hehadtoremaininhospitaluntilhewasbetter.注意:remain作名词时,表示“剩余物”, 一般用其复数形式。如:Theremainsofamealcanbegiventoapig.TheyfoundsomeremainsoftheTangDynasty.remaining是形容词, 意为“剩余的”,常作前置定语; 而left则只能作后置定语。如:Thereareonly5booksleft.Heboughtmeagiftwiththeremainingmoney.By the time Cal

16、ifornia elected to become the 31st federal state of the USA, it was already a multicultural society. 5. elect Vi. 选择，决定做某事；Vt. 选举，推选 1). elect to do = choose/decide to do选择，决定做某事 翻译：现在越来越多的人选择在家工作。 Nowadays more and more people elect to work at home. 2). elect sb. (to be/as) 选举/推选某人为 翻译：美国人民每隔4年选一次总

17、统。奥巴马当选为美国第44任总统。 Americans elect a President every four years and Obama was elected as the 44th president of America. * adj. 候任的，当选而尚未就职的（用于名词后） *n. election 选举/推选 election results1.在19世纪六十年代 2.建立他们自己的城镇 3.坚持；维持 4. 包括 5.在初期 6.在最近的几十年 7.开始做某事in the 1860sestablish a town of their ownkeep upincludingat the beginning ofin more recent decadesbegin doing18.It is believed that It is said that It is hoped that It is supposed that It is suggested that It is reported that 主语从句It is reported that some European countries