专项复习讲练测-祈使句

1、小升初语言知识运用祈使句一、祈使句的用法.祈使句的概念祈使句表命令、警告、提醒、建议、请求、叮嘱、号召等，谓语动词用原形。主语you通常 省略，句末用感叹号或句号，例如：Knockatthedoorbeforeentering, please.进来时请敲门！（建议）Lookout! Thereisatraincoming.注意！火车来了 ！（提醒）Wearstrongshoesasweshalldoalotofwalking.请穿结实的鞋子，因为我们 要走许多的路。（叮嘱）Putonyourcoatatonce. Wemusthurry.立刻穿上衣服。我们必须快点。（命令）Givebloodi

2、fyoucanandmanyliveswillbesaved.如果你能，来献血吧，这会 挽救很多人的生命。（号召）.祈使句的分类祈使句分为第二人称祈使句、第一人称祈使句和第三人称祈使句。二、肯定的祈使句.第二人称祈使句第二人称祈使句是以听话人为祈使对象的祈使句，通常用来向听话者发出命令，提出要求或建议。这种祈使句的主语you通常不表示出来，而是以动词原形开头，例如：Keepquiet, please.请保持安静。Openthedoor, please.请把门翻开。Hurry up!快点跟上！.第一人称祈使句第一人称祈使句是以第一人称代词作为祈使的对象，这类祈使句通常以let为引导词表示建议，句

3、子结构为Let + me/us +动词原形，例如：Letsgooutandplay.让我们出去玩吧。Letsplayaguessinggame.我们来玩猜谜游戏吧。Letmehavealook.让我看一看。Letmetellyou.让我来告诉你吧。.第三人称祈使句第三人称祈使句是以第三人称代词或者名词等作为祈使的对象，以let为引导词，句子结构为Let + him/her/it/them/名词+动词原形，例如：LethimbeherebylOolock.让他 10 点前来这儿。Letherdoitbyherself.让她自己做。Letitgo.让它去吧。典型例题用括号内动词的适当形式填空。To

4、m,(do) thehomework, now.正确答案do解题思路该题句首Tom后面有个逗号，说明是在对Tom说话，后面的说话内容是一个析使句， 应该用动词原形开头，填do,意思是“Tom,现在做作业吧。”但是有的学生会忽略逗号，误认为是 现在进行时的句子，填成isdoing。三、否认的祈使句.第二人称祈使句的否认结构在整个结构之前加dont或never,例如：Dontbenervous!你不要紧张！Donmakeanynoise!都别吵了 ！Neverbelateagain.另U再迟至U 了。Pleasedonforgettotakeyourmedicine,请不要忘记吃药。.第一人称析使

5、句的否认结构在动词原形前面加not,句型为Letme/usnotdosth.,例如：Letnotwasteourtimearguingaboutit!咱们别浪费时间争论这事了！Lefsnotsayanythingaboutit!这事咱们谁也别说！Letnotgobacklate.我们别晚回家吧。.第三人称祈使句的否认结构在其句首加don匕例如：Donlethimplaywiththefire.让他不要玩火。Donletanyonecomein.别让任何人进来。Donletthemplayalongtheriver.别让他们在河边玩。. “No +名词或动名词”结构“No +名词或动名词”结构表

6、示禁止，一般用于指示、标牌、布告等，例如：Nosmoking!禁止吸烟!Nospitting!不准随地吐痰！Nolitter!不准乱扔果皮纸屑!Noentry!不许入内！Nothoroughfare!禁止通行!Nopaintingonthewall!墙上不准涂写！Noadmittanceexceptonbusiness!非公莫入！典型例题将以下祈使句改成否认句。Lefsflykitesnow.正确答案 Let!snotflykitesnow.解题思路第一人称析使句的否认结构，在动词原形前面加not,句型为Let me / usnotdosth.。Lethimstayathomealone.正确

7、答案 Donlethimstayathomealone.解题思路第三人称祈使句的否认结构，是在其句首加donto不要和第一人称祈使句的否认结构 混淆起来。用括号中动词的正确形式填空。Alice,(notbe) sadaboutit.正确答案don!tbe解题思路该题句首Alice后面有个逗号，说明是在对Alice说话，后面的说话内容是个祈使句， 括号里“notbe”提示为祈使句的否认形式，填dontbe,意思是“Alice,不要为此而难过了。”但是 有的学生会忽略逗号，填成isn匕练习一、连词成句。001. please, after, read, me002. down, sit, plea

8、se003. here, come, and, the, blackboard, clean004. there, go, and, stand, please005. the, window, close, please006. Dad, me, ayo - yo, buy, please007. to, listen, me, carefully, please008. play, lets, hide - and - seek009. not, make, lets, mistakes, any010. be, dont, late, class, for011. Mum, me, gi

9、ve, some, cookies, please012. let, them, dont, play, the, along, river013. anyone, dont, let, in, come014. up, hurry, or, be, youll, late015. turn, the, electric, fan, on, please二、将以下祈使句改成否认句。016. Stop, please.017. Giveherahamburger.018. Brushyourteethnow.019. Runaroundthehouse.020. Letth ebaby laug

10、h.021. Letthebirdflyaway.022. Letthedogstayinthecage.023. Letgetreadyforthepicnic.024. LetfswatchTVaftersupper.025. Letcrosstheroadtogether.026. Makethebednow.027. Putonyournewshoes.028. Letthemfinishtheirworknow.029. LetplayMusicalChairsnow.030. Lethimdoitbyhimself.三、将以下祈使句改成肯定句。031. Dontgotherewit

11、hthem.032. Dontakeasandwichwithyou.033. Dontakehimtothefunfairtomorrow.034. DontturnontheTV.035. Dontfeedthebird.036. Donftwaitforme.037. Donletheropenthewindow.038. Donletthemeatthesweets.039. Letnottalkaboutthemovie.040. Letnotwalkaroundthetree.四、照样子写句子。例：Dontsmoke. 一 Nosmoking.041. Dont walk on t

12、he grass. 一042. Dont make noise. 一043. Dont litter. 一044. Dont swim here. 一044. Don*tswimhere.一045. Donfeedtheanimal. 045. DontfeedtheanimaL一046. Donttouch. 一047. Donclimbthetree. 一048. Donpaintonthewall. 048. DonpaintonthewalL049. Donumpoffthewall. 一049. DonumpoffthewalL 一050. Donpickflowers. 一051.

13、 Dontakephotos. 051. Don*ttakephotos. 052. Doneatordrinkhere. 053. Don*tshout. 一五、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。054. Dinnerisready.(lay) thetable, please.055(give) mesomewater, please.056.(fill) theform, please, and(sign) yournamehere.057. Mary,(do) thewashingup, please.058. Mum,(notbe) worry. Ill(be) fine.059. Let

14、s(notmake) anymistakes.060.letthedog(notfollow) me.061.(not, chase) thedog. Itdangerous.062. LilyandLucy,(make) yourselvesathome, please.063. Tom,(help) yourselftosomefruit.064. Norman,(take) offyourcoatifyoufeelhot.065. Lets(be) friendsand(keep) intouch.六、选择填空。()066.methebook, please.A. PassB. Pass

15、ingC. Topass()067.makeanynoise. Theyarehavinganexam.A. NotB. NoC. Don*t()068. Let*s campingthisweekend.A. goB. goingC. togo()069.lethim computergames. Itsbadforhiseyes.A. Not; playB. Dont; playC. No; playing()070.withfire. Itsdangerous.A. Don*tplayB. PlayC. Notplaying()071. Jack,apaperplaneformenow.

16、A. makesB. makeC. ismaking()072. Dad,athome.A. doesnsmokeB. isnsmokingC. donsmoke()073. Let*s blowbubblesathome.A. dontB. notC. no()074. Pleasegowithus,?A. donyouB. willyouC. wontyou()075. Letmehelpyou,?A. wontyouB. willyouC. willl()076. Let*stakeawalk,?A. shallweB. willyouC. wontyou()077. Workhard,

17、youcanpasstheexam.A. andB. butC. or()078. Gostraightahead,youwillseethebank.A. andB. butC. or()079. Putonyourcoat,youwillcatchacold.A. soB. orC. and()080. Readmore,youwillknowalot.A. andB. soC. or七、用析使句改写以下句子，并保持意思不变。081. Youmustneatordrinkinclass.082. Youcanttakephotosinthemuseum.083. Youmustnplayf

18、ootballinthestreet.084. Youmustlistentotheteachercarefullyinclass.085. Youmustfinishyourhomeworkontimeeveryday.086. Youcantclimbthetreesinthepark.087. Youcantswiminthelake.088. Youcantjumpoffthewall.089. Youmustkeepquietinthehospital.090. Youmustfollowtheschoolrulesatschool.091. Youcantwalkonthegrassinthepark.092. YoucangiveuplearningEnglish.八、根据中文提示，将以下句子翻译成英文，每空一词。093.不要在太阳底下看书。这对眼睛不好。booksinthesun. Itsbadforyoureyes.0