《管理学原理》英语教学课件CHAPTER14TechnologyandOperations

1、2022/8/3郭志文 2001 Copyright1CHAPTER 14Technology and Operations 第1页，共29页。2022/8/3郭志文 2001 Copyright2Chapter ObjectivesIntroduce the different ways in which technology can add value to the operations function within an organization.Identify the various ways in which technology can be used in a manufac

2、turing company.Describe enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems and how they impact an organization.Demonstrate the different ways in which technology can be integrated into service operations.Present a framework for defining the different types of e-services that are currently being offered.第2页，

3、共29页。2022/8/3郭志文 2001 Copyright3Managerial IssuesAdvances in technology are changing the way in which both manufacturing and service operations are designed.Technology is a tool, not an end in itself.Importance of maintaining compatibility between technology and the organizations other elements.The

4、need for continuous training in the use of technology.第3页，共29页。2022/8/3郭志文 2001 Copyright4How Technology Affects OperationsTraditional TradeoffsLow costsSpeed of deliveryQuality of product/serviceCustomizationTechnologys Impact on Traditional TradeoffsTradeoffs are no longer validtechnology allows f

5、irms compete on several dimensions at once.第4页，共29页。How Technology Impacts Operational Performance第5页，共29页。Technology in Manufacturing第6页，共29页。Technology in Manufacturing (contd)第7页，共29页。Major Categories of Software Systemsin Manufacturing第8页，共29页。2022/8/3郭志文 2001 Copyright9Information Technology第9页

6、，共29页。Functional Areas as Independent OperationsExhibit 4.3a第10页，共29页。2022/8/3郭志文 2001 Copyright11ERP Systems Link Functional Areas with a Common Software Platform and Database第11页，共29页。2022/8/3郭志文 2001 Copyright12Example of How SAPs R/3 SystemIntegrates an Organization第12页，共29页。Leading ERP Software

7、 Companies and Respective Market SharesTotal ERP Software and Services Revenue = $18.2 billion第13页，共29页。2022/8/3郭志文 2001 Copyright14Evolution of ERP SystemsERP Systems OriginsAn outgrowth of Materials Requirements Planning (MRP) systems in the 1960s70sAdoption of ERP systems updated the entire infor

8、mation technology infrastructure of firms.Benefits of ERP SystemsReduction in database errorsFaster customer responseFaster order fulfillmentBetter overall communication第14页，共29页。2022/8/3郭志文 2001 Copyright15Evolution of ERP Systems (contd)Why ERP Systems FailLack of top management commitmentLack of

9、adequate resourcesLack of proper trainingLack of communicationCriticisms of ERP SystemsConstraints of a single ERP system versus a mixture of Best of Breed software productsInflexibility of the built-in business model of ERP systems第15页，共29页。2022/8/3郭志文 2001 Copyright16Technology Trends in ServicesI

10、ncrease in Self-ServiceReduces labor costsSpeeds up serviceDecrease in the Importance of LocationLower costs for delivery of products and services increases remote points of access and reduces the need for specific service locations第16页，共29页。2022/8/3郭志文 2001 Copyright17Methods of Pricing to Encourag

11、e Self-Service第17页，共29页。2022/8/3郭志文 2001 Copyright18Technology Trends in Services (contd)Shift from Time-dependent (Synchronous) to Non-time Dependent (Asynchronous) TransactionsMore economical (for the firm) and efficient (for the customer) forms of serviceIncrease in disinter mediationTechnology b

12、rings buyers and sellers closer together, eliminating intermediate steps or organizations.第18页，共29页。2022/8/3郭志文 2001 Copyright19Integrating Technology into ServicesIntegration BenefitsEfficiency in operationsEffectiveness in serving customersAreas for IntegrationStrategic planningImproved performanc

13、eFaster serviceImproved customer knowledgeIncreased product customization第19页，共29页。2022/8/3郭志文 2001 Copyright20Integrating Technology into Services (contd)Areas for Integration (contd)Increased efficiencyEconomies of scale in consolidating operations.Reduced labor costs through replacement of manpow

14、er and increased labor productivity.第20页，共29页。Categories of E-Services第21页，共29页。The Role of the Internet, Intranet,Extranet and EDI in an Organization第22页，共29页。Types of E-Services第23页，共29页。2022/8/3郭志文 2001 Copyright24Challenges for E-TailorsInfrastructureDeveloping the structure to efficiently and q

15、uickly deliver goods to customers.Lack of tangibilityHaving no physical presence to which customers can turn with problems.DifferentiationCreating a unique on-line presence that sustains growth.第24页，共29页。2022/8/3郭志文 2001 Copyright25Technology IssuesOvercoming Barriers to Entry (Customer) “Fear of th

16、e unknown”Lack of knowledge by the customerTraining and SupportWorker skill development through hands-on training in the new technology.Customer familiarization with technology.第25页，共29页。2022/8/3郭志文 2001 Copyright26Make yourself skilled in ManagementUnderstand the fundamentals of managementKnow how

17、to deal with peopleOvercome your weaknesses in communicationLearn new trends in management第26页，共29页。第27页，共29页。第28页，共29页。其实，世上最温暖的语言，“ 不是我爱你，而是在一起。” 所以懂得才是最美的相遇！只有彼此以诚相待，彼此尊重，相互包容，相互懂得，才能走的更远。相遇是缘，相守是爱。缘是多么的妙不可言，而懂得又是多么的难能可贵。否则就会错过一时，错过一世！择一人深爱，陪一人到老。一路相扶相持，一路心手相牵，一路笑对风雨。在平凡的世界，不求爱的轰轰烈烈；不求誓言多么美丽；唯愿简单

18、的相处，真心地付出，平淡地相守，才不负最美的人生；不负善良的自己。人海茫茫，不求人人都能刻骨铭心，但求对人对己问心无愧，无怨无悔足矣。大千世界，与万千人中遇见，只是相识的开始，只有彼此真心付出，以心交心，以情换情，相知相惜，才能相伴美好的一生，一路同行。然而，生活不仅是诗和远方，更要面对现实。如果曾经的拥有，不能天长地久，那么就要学会华丽地转身，学会忘记。忘记该忘记的人，忘记该忘记的事儿，忘记苦乐年华的悲喜交集。人有悲欢离合，月有阴晴圆缺。对于离开的人，不必折磨自己脆弱的生命，虚度了美好的朝夕；不必让心灵痛苦不堪，弄丢了快乐的自己。擦汗眼泪，告诉自己，日子还得继续，谁都不是谁的唯一，相信最美的风景一直在路上。人生，就是一场修行。你路过我，我忘记你；你有情，他无意。谁都希望在正确的时间遇见对的人，然而事与愿违时，你越渴望的东西，也许越是无情无义地弃你而去。所以美好的愿望，就会像肥皂泡一样破灭，只能在错误的时间遇到错的人。岁月匆匆像一阵风，有多少故事留下感动。愿曾经的相遇，无论是锦上添花，还是追悔莫及；无论是青涩年华的懵懂赏识，还是成长岁月无法躲避的经历愿曾经的过往，依然如花芬芳四