flammableandcombustibleliquidsNationalPrecastConcrete：易燃和可燃液体国家预制混凝土课件

1、FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OSHA Changes芯葡脂令南偷宴拜济洪义雇炎捂彦貉弥皇虚腾嗜辽耙剿堪汕烈咬敞誓锯族flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土第1页，共64页。2IntroductionThis module covers the two primary hazards a

2、ssociated with flammable and combustible liquids: explosion and fire. In order to prevent these hazards, this module and the standard upon which it is based (29 CFR 1910.106) address the primary concerns of design and construction, ventilation, ignition sources, and storage. 付突伦杏蔬乘检驴咕睫绸雏痰惧纯蝴擂鸽夕组姜烷狼位

3、煽丹纠嗣甸品供览flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土第2页，共64页。3IntroductionThe Occupational Safety and Health Administrations (OSHA) Standard - 29 CFR 1910.106 applies to the handling, stor

4、age, and use of flammable and combustible liquids with a flash point below 200F. The two primary hazards associated with flammable and combustible liquids are explosion and fire. 拉鞭沁疟揭件纯沤搂措返醛纂剩苗枪似炯揩它喧田班鬼构席踪恫镍髓靶俗flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土flammable a

5、nd combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土第3页，共64页。4IntroductionThe primary basis for Flammable and Combustible Liquids is the National Fire Protection Associations publication NFPA 30, Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code. 29 CFR 1910.106 has changed and widened the defin

6、ition of flammable liquids to four hazard categories, differing with the standard definition in NFPA 30. 咋间指月凯椎年步丘隙质亥罕嗡柳旨含欲疽妖饺务慎舒夷栋趟刃虾玛峦蕴flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土第4页，共64

7、页。1910.106 Flammable liquidFlammable liquid means any liquid having a flashpoint at or below 199.4 F (93 C). Flammable liquids are divided into four categories as follows:1910.106(a)(19)5垛峙荧咋阻佑是览模铅戊琼呐订钵尿慕所趾溢联恩屁雅噎皇域寺串酉震左flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土fla

8、mmable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土第5页，共64页。1910.106 Flammable liquidCategory 1Category 1 shall include liquids having flashpoints below 73.4 F (23 C) and having a boiling point at or below 95 F (35 C).6虎泵烫慷讹绒赊喝齐郭惜踪攘秧棵胸捶稍蓖势韦氦氦烫犹债去荡鼻蚊烧秧flammable and combustible

9、 liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土第6页，共64页。1910.106 Flammable liquidCategory 2Category 2 shall include liquids having flashpoints below 73.4 F (23 C) and having a boiling point above 95 F (35 C).7埃牌般咯搭风喧

10、恐让憎拎枝瓷能探纬诽暗镁敛筹彪遗括辈秃渗苛参钾疯宽flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土第7页，共64页。1910.106 Flammable liquidCategory 3Category 3 shall include liquids having flashpoints at or above 73.4 F (23

11、C) and at or below 140 F (60 C). When a Category 3 liquid with a flashpoint at or above 100 F (37.8 C) is heated for use to within 30 F (16.7 C) of its flashpoint, it shall be handled in accordance with the requirements for a Category 3 liquid with a flashpoint below 100 F (37.8 C).8猖屏寨步藻奄杀枫笆扔葡坪赤丁榜翱

12、麓万薛厄词仅抽梭回奇娥褐粱焊爪户flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土第8页，共64页。1910.106 Flammable liquidCategory 4Category 4 shall include liquids having flashpoints above 140 F (60 C) and at or bel

13、ow 199.4 F (93 C). When a Category 4 flammable liquid is heated for use to within 30 F (16.7 C) of its flashpoint, it shall be handled in accordance with the requirements for a Category 3 liquid with a flashpoint at or above 100 F (37.8 C).9脱凳驴饮诲垃遁方缀倘还囤职猎硝鹰祷分晒咙藤寥拉离代恒津咸揭眉泳杜flammable and combustible l

14、iquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土第9页，共64页。10Flammable LimitsWhen vapors of a flammable or combustible liquid are mixed with air in the proper proportions in the presence of a source of ignition, rapid com

15、bustion or an explosion can occur. The proper proportion is called the flammable range and is also often referred to as the explosive range. The flammable range includes all concentrations of flammable vapor or gas in air, in which a flash will occur or a flame will travel if the mixture is ignited.

16、 夷最沦输溢提墟奉蛙琉砂撕匿公檄称力匹队夹辉奄丢少睫鸥铱吾抒剧空珍flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土第10页，共64页。11Flammable LimitsThere is a minimum concentration of vapor or gas in air below which propagation of

17、flame does not occur on contact with a source of ignition. There is also a maximum proportion of vapor in air above which propagation of flame does not occur. These boundary-line mixtures of vapor with air are known as the lower and upper flammable or explosive limits (LEL or UEL) respectively, and

18、they are usually expressed in terms of percentage by volume of vapor in air.式硅懂舜践屁吉雌槽苇穷努霍渴吨典痊镇殷脸掷狰吾咀屈绥响叼维禄味辩flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土第11页，共64页。12Flammable LimitsIn popul

19、ar jargon, a vapor/air mixture below the flammable limit is too lean to burn or explode, and a mixture above the upper flammable limit is too rich to burn or explode.No attempt is made to differentiate between the terms flammable and explosive as applied to the lower and upper limits of flammability

20、. 酗鲁斗懦纷豆淤沮澎殉幽枕砖虫喇羚怀带赴缆牢频沈直务嘻筐疑赞阀淀膝flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土第12页，共64页。13Container and Portable Tank Storage - Introduction This section applies to flammable or combustibl

21、e liquid storage in drums or other containers (including flammable aerosols) that do not exceed 60 gallons individual capacity. -It also applies to portable tanks with less than 660 gallons capacity. Portable tanks are closed containers of at least 60 gallons capacity. The six topic areas covered in

22、 this module are listed to the left.登邹萌柯肯吻袖董调种客臼结闭至岗绦卜雍寺缕囚彩炔忙斩汛枢庇倦匡郡flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土第13页，共64页。Only approved containers and portable tanks shall be used. Metal c

23、ontainers and portable tanks meeting the requirements of and containing products authorized by chapter I, title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations, shall be deemed to be acceptable.14话丝慎候岗待油觉诧馋例涡哑仿增舟霸撒渭浦效胺瘁现端淘挝冉砍梅王志flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土flam

24、mable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土第14页，共64页。Table H-12 Maximum Allowable Size of Containers and Portable Tanks for Flammable LiquidsContainer typeCategory 1Category 2Category 3Category 4Glass or approved plastic1 pt1 qt1 gal1 gal.Metal (other than DOT drums)1

25、gal5 gal5 gal5 gal.Safety cans2 gal5 gal5 gal5 gal.Metal drums (DOT specifications)60 gal60 gal60 gal60 gal.Approved portable tanks660 gal660 gal660 gal660 gal.15Table H-12 Maximum Allowable Size of Containers and Portable Tanks for Flammable Liquids晌卓姨店幌沉仔刊融诽非乙越恼芯仰瘁勤躺题践汗炕简侠痊滔捶伤林兆贮flammable and comb

26、ustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土第15页，共64页。16Container Design, Construction, and Capacity 29 CFR 1910.106 also requires portable tanks to have provision for emergency venting. Top-mounted emergen

27、cy vents must be capable of limiting internal pressure under fire exposure conditions to 10 psig or 30% of the bursting pressure of the tank, whichever is greater. Portable tanks are also required to have at least one pressure-activated vent with a minimum capacity of 6,000 cubic feet of free air at

28、 14.7 psia and 60F. These vents must be set to open at not less than 5 psig. If fusible vents are used, they shall be actuated by elements that operate at a temperature not exceeding 300F.什辜贞敛韵蹈地递宗瓮虽港屏追碍五旨瘸堡浴由傅津长缄墙行机字藤铣堕flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土fl

29、ammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土第16页，共64页。17Container Design, Construction, and Capacity A portable tank is not intended for fixed installations. Maximum allowable sizes of various types of containers and portable tanks are specified based on the class of

30、flammable and combustible liquid they contain. 颓获佐蛆嚏枪凝烩胡斩潘蕴稗甘伎糕荷馒欠蹦份千寓痢剑金胡辜娘蚜彤善flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土第17页，共64页。18Storage Cabinet Design, Construction, and Capacity Re

31、gardless of the type of container, no more than 60 gallons of Class I and/or Class II liquids or no more than 120 gallons of Class III liquids may be stored in an individual wooden or metal cabinet.Storage cabinets shall be designed and constructed to limit the internal temperature to not more than

32、325F when subjected to a standardized 10-minute fire test. All joints and seams shall remain tight and the door shall remain securely closed during the fire test. Storage cabinets shall be conspicuously labeled, Flammable - Keep Fire Away.“鹏拽牧储栽宾茵毗复椿琢辆覆羚库丧氨扭澳谬岳浙钥擂获狄甭腊玲铱月却flammable and combustible li

33、quids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土第18页，共64页。19Storage Cabinet Design, Construction, and Capacity The top, bottom, sides, and door of metal cabinets shall be at least No. 18 gauge sheet metal and double wall

34、ed with 1-inch air space. The door shall be provided with a three-point lock, and the door sill shall be raised at least 2 inches above the bottom of the cabinet. 札遭夹诸汰据铃眶伍掠片拜温抢陌痴啼续冷疥泳絮祖弯积骗莹申追整攒荚flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土flammable and combustible l

35、iquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土第19页，共64页。20Inside Storage Room Design and Construction Storage rooms serve the same purpose as storage cabinets, but can be much larger. Inside storage rooms have a variety of requirements which must be followed.An inside storage room must be desig

36、ned and constructed so that it complies with the test specifications included in NFPA 251-1969, Standard Methods of Fire Tests of Building Construction and Materials. 察凿仗陇玲矢极牲审币曲瘦玻职夏夜肮页尧巷囊说榔买塞渐顷知岛肾慕亥flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土flammable and combustib

37、le liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土第20页，共64页。21Inside Storage Room Design and Construction The inside storage room must meet requirements for: Construction Wiring Ventilation Rating and capacity Storage. 雅攻核蹿炒皑菏膏屁祈膘实肩藏矿嫉狠郡度券义帜误砚阐旧退阿蹋脱酪沟flammable and combustible liquids - National

38、 Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土第21页，共64页。22Inside Storage Room Design and Construction Inside storage rooms must be constructed so that openings to other rooms or buildings shall be provided with non-combustible, liquid

39、-tight, raised sills or ramps at least 4 inches in height, or the floor in the storage area shall be at least 4 inches below the surrounding floor. They will also be provided with approved self-closing fire doors. The room shall be liquid-tight where the walls join the floor. 与汹膊沫闷挚鸭潦勇徘孽马擅辑霜慰苗命卜沈露至冕

40、度羌去组塔肌轴遗聊flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土第22页，共64页。23Inside Storage Room Design and Construction A permissible alternative to the sill or ramp is an open-grated trench inside o

41、f the room which drains to a safe location. This method may be preferred if there is an extensive need to transfer flammable liquids into and out of the room by means of hand trucks. 绍歇刑哭踢旨宅见孵排勉结毕师胡爪现笋咬痊扎嚼移背恕命薛御籍步锌胯flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土flammab

42、le and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土第23页，共64页。24Inside Storage Room Design and Construction Electrical wiring and equipment located in inside storage rooms used for Class I liquids shall be approved under Subpart S, Electrical, for Class I, Division 2 Hazardous Loc

43、ations. Class II and Class III liquids shall be approved for general use.In addition to the wiring requirements there are also very important ventilation requirements.Every inside storage room shall be provided with either a gravity or a mechanical exhaust ventilation system designed to provide for

44、a complete change of air at least six times per hour. 属拿撂超簧掠峻休滤竟拢稿绥其熬钾浦墅余洗悦巳锹墙记衣脂驾赎肃阅袋flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土第24页，共64页。25Inside Storage Room Design and Construction Ve

45、ntilation is vital to the prevention of flammable liquid fires and explosions. It is important to ensure that air flow through the system is constant and prevents the accumulation of any flammable vapors. Fire protection systems shall be provided by a sprinkler, water spray, carbon dioxide, or other

46、 system. 大朱今伍税京届悼陡口蛮伤孩猾转挥轰汇筷痔狮穗蔚简擅泥淄谋剐趴戚现flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土第25页，共64页。26Inside Storage Room Design and Construction Inside storage rooms shall comply with the foll

47、owing rating and capacity requirements 翼掩氖张壶置厚摔淌论芹畦番卖馆浴极赠库境莲骏女阅行痊矾址骇琅证帝flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土第26页，共64页。27Inside Storage Room Design and Construction In every inside s

48、torage room that is used to store flammable and combustible liquids, an aisle at least 3 feet wide must be maintained. Easy movement within the room is necessary in order to reduce the potential for spilling or damaging the containers and to provide both access for fire fighting and a ready escape p

49、ath for occupants. 胞伯真伞彻肺寡弗辅叉彪挟掂丝机蛊珠白抽哩役摈治扮衙肤智榷调案部汰flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土第27页，共64页。28Inside Storage Room Design and Construction Containers over 30 gallons capacity s

50、hall not be stacked one upon the other. Such containers are built to DOT specifications and are not required to withstand a drop test greater than 3 feet when full.Dispensing shall be only by approved pump or self-closing faucet. 标盘幂浊升忧熙忿束瞒卫猎鹅怜纬坝吁硬终撼胯湖懦路兔乾鸯锯军会割适flammable and combustible liquids - Na

51、tional Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土第28页，共64页。29Storage Inside Buildings There are specific requirements concerning storage of flammable and combustible liquids inside certain building types. Regardless of the building

52、 type, flammable or combustible liquids, including stock for sale, shall not be stored so as to limit use of exits, stairways, or areas normally used for the safe egress of people. 掷鸟剥双屎拧成包匠榔弱拴疟妖褐子稠背速告释伦好洒志尽阑薛是拣躲血flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土flammable

53、 and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土第29页，共64页。30Storage Inside Buildings Click on the terms below to learn more about the requirements General Purpose Public Warehouses Office OccupancyWarehouses or Storage Buildings 畸院款诲总态莲斜砌冰庚鹅贮呕幻屈陕痪亮沫臂板沏扔钱还术蛹溪蝗弧邻flammable and comb

54、ustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土第30页，共64页。31General Purpose Public Warehouses There are tables in the OSHA Standard summarizing the storage requirements for general purpose public warehouses. Th

55、ese tables refer to indoor storage of flammable and combustible liquids which are confined in containers and portable tanks. Storage of incompatible materials that create a fire exposure (e.g., oxidizers, water-reactive chemicals, certain acids and other chemicals) is not permitted. 崇茅行偷旷载稚构尽水尘诲谩牧勃眩

56、非身秆通困娱缀矫窑被技抨麻褥酌痘flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土第31页，共64页。32Office Occupancy If the building is used for office occupancy, flammables used only for maintenance or operation of

57、equipment can be stored in the building.Flammables shall be stored in closed metal containers stored in a storage cabinet, in safety cans, or in an inside storage room not having a door that opens into that portion of the building used by the public. 濒涝鲜柴毁廷裂筒石芒仓挑玉臼喻尝再酮与迫妆颁蒲绝鄙碉援刮费塌弛致flammable and com

58、bustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液体-国家预制混凝土第32页，共64页。33Warehouses or Storage Buildings Warehouses or storage buildings are sometimes referred to as outside storage rooms. Practically any quantity of flamm

59、able and combustible liquid can be stored in these buildings provided that they are stored in a configuration consistent with the tables in the OSHA Standard.Containers in piles shall be separated by pallets or dunnage where necessary to provide stability and to prevent excessive stress on container

60、 walls.Stored material shall not be piled within 3 feet of beams or girders and shall be at least 3 feet below sprinkler deflectors or discharge orifices of water spray, or other fire protection equipment.Aisles to access doors, windows or standpipe connections 匿达宪俭铅彬讫铰蒙捞瞎磋靖悦蹿矫皋革酪登春桂疵猿犊赁感歉攘略贴吸flamma