sat阅读之不可不知的写作手法

1、SAT 阅读之不可不知的写作手法在 SAT 阅读中总有一些让学生觉得匪夷所思的题目，让学生措手不及，其中很多学生不能理解命题者的考点范围是什么。其实每道题目都有一个考点，了解题型实质当然是题型的本质。今天要看到的就是最容易让学生忽视，最容易让学生误解的写作手法涉及的考点。首先先来看一下 2010 年 5 月短双的一道题目Passage1：Liars may betray themselves through linguistic mistake, but the main sourbetrayal are the emotions.ofPassage2：Clumsy deceivers are

2、 sometimes visibly agithing as “typical” behavior.ed, but in general there is no such7 Lines1-2, Passage1(“ Liars mayemotions”), and lines18-20, Passage2(“Clumsybehavior”),both contain instan A siparadoxeuphemismqualificationofE undersement咋看之下，很多学生从选项上认为这为一道修辞手法题目的考查，殊不知这里面暗藏杀机。这一道题的选项设置其实混杂了一些修辞手法

3、和一些写作手法。这道题的错误率相当高，并且学生在对完之后，完全不理解为什么为 D 选项。因为在他们的眼里，qulification 是资格的意思，怎么也和原文的句子理解挂不上勾。多数学生选择的是 B 选项。他们认为paradox 为语，那么定位句子为的，就为。那么现在来看一下 qulification 与paradox 的区别：Qualification1ss of an examination or an offil completion of a course, espelly one conferringus as a recognized practitioner of a profe

4、sor activity 资格证明，合格2 quality or资格，条件plishmentt makes someone suitable for a particular job or activity3 a s项ement or assertiont makes another less absolute 限制，限定；限定条件，限定事另外在朗文（Longman）词典上是意思是：somethingt you add to a sement to limit its effector meaning = reservation 而这个词的动词意思(Qualify)在牛津上为：to add s

5、th to a previoussement to make the meaning less strong or less generalParadoxA paradox is a seemingly true sementroup of sementst lead to a contradictionor a situation which seems to defy logic or1 a tenet contrary to received opinionuition. （Wikipedia）2 a : a strueementt is seemingly contradictory

6、or oped to common sense and yet is perhapsb : a self-contradictory sementseems truec : an argumentt apparently derivef-contradictorys by valid deductionfrom acceptable premises （Merriam-Webster）Eg：War is peace. Freedom is slavery. Ignorance is strength.(Gee Orwell )I must be cruel only to be kind.(W

7、illiam Shakespeare: Hamlet)而定位句子 P1：Liars may betray themselves through linguistic mistake, but the main sourof betrayal are the emotions.其中的 but 的句子的加入是为了上前面一句话不那么绝对，并且P2的定位句也是如此。所以为 qulification。从这一题的解答，希望学生们足以考题真正的涉及知识点的范围。除了了解一定的修辞手法，是非常有必要了解一些写作手法的，并且知道这些手法在英文中对应的单词是什么。现在来看一下历年出现的高频的涉及到写作手法的词：Q

8、ualification ，Anecdote ，Aside，Transition，Digres，Foreshadowing其中笔者想详细细述 Anecdote，它的变体形式还有： Anecdote 等。先看一道 2007 年 5 月的题目al experience，al view，alThis passage is adapted from a 1996 book on sleep research.Yawning cto take theirso be a sign of stress in humans. Once, when observing airborne troops about

9、parachute jump, I noticedt several of the soldier were sitting inthe plane and yawning. It was 10 a m , just after a coffee break ,and I doubtedt theywere tired ;I knew for a factt they were far too nervous to be bored. When I asked aboutthis, the officer in charge laughed and said it was really qui

10、te a common behavior, espellyon thejump.15 the author uses which of the followinghe fourth paragraph?A UndersementBCificationogyD Metaphor E Anecdote无独有偶，此道题型又讲写作手法和修辞手法作为考点。An anecdote is a short and amusing oreresting story about a real incident or.An anecdote is always presented as based on a rea

11、l incident involving actualfamous or not, usually in an identifiable place.s, whether因为此题中是作者自己观察跳伞事件来支撑自己的观点，所以当然为 E 选项。这种写作手法的考点题型穿插于各种篇幅。可以看到以下 2006 年 5 月的短双中第 9 题考查了两篇文章所用 2006 年 5 月Passage 2法。第 9 题求异题中问及第一篇和第二篇文章手法的区别。After spending years training in Buddhist mediive practi, neurologist James A

12、ustingot histaste of spiritual enlightenment while waiting on a London train platform,idly glancing toward themes River. Instantly, the panorama of sky and buildings acquireda sense of what he calls absolute reality,He suddenly shed his formerly unshakable arinsic rightness, and ultimate perfection.

13、mptiont he was an individual, separatedfrom the rest of the world by a skin suit. Within seconds, other insights dawned.Austin described in a book how this experienpurred him to study brain prosestunderspiritual experien. But the harsh reality of science ist those who studymysticism are rarely taken

14、 seriously. For scientists, claims of mystical enlightenmen long smacked of self-deception, charlatanism, or both.9. Unlike Passage 1, Passage 2 makes use ofgeneralizationanecdotefigurative languageliterary allutechnical jargonve由于 passage2 为一个人叙述的经验旅程。而passage1 并没有，当然选择 B。除此之外再来看看其他的写作手法An aside is

15、 a dramatic device in which a character speaks to the audience. By conventionthe audience is to realizet the characters speech is unheard by the other characterson stage. It may be addressed to the audience expressly (in character or out) or representan unspoken thought. An aside is usually a brief

16、comment, rathermonologue or soliloquy. Unlike a public announcement, it occurs withn a speech, such as ahe context of theplay. An aside is, by convention, a true sement of a characters thought; a charactermay be mistaken in an aside, but may not be dishonest.Foreshadowing or adumbrating is a literar

17、y device in which an author indistinctly suggestscertain plot developmentsart and film to give ht might come laterhe story. Foreshadowing is used in writtens about things to come in latlot developments. It can be verynd easily understood, or it may be complex use of symbols,t are then connectedto la

18、ter turnshe plot.Transition in fiction are words, phrases, senten, paragraphs, or punctuationt maybe used to signal various changes in a story, including changesime, location,po-of-view character, mood, tone, emotion, and pace.Digresis a section of a comition or speecht is anentional change of subje

19、ct.如果一道题的选项为 Digres，那么这篇文章肯定是有问题的。反之能拿出来出题的文章，肯定在文章上是没有任何问题的，所以凡事见其涉及到文章写作角度的考点，选项中有 digress排除。例如：2007 年 5 月的短单Questions 8-9 are based on the following passage.则可The Second World War was a watershed event for all Americans. It brought the Great Depresto an end and marked the beginning of significant

20、 socioeconomic and political changes forwomen and ral minorities. ChiAmerican women played an important roleheselong-term changes.Galvanized by motives ranging from Chinationalism to American patriotism and feminism,ChiAmerican women initiated an outpouring of highlyanized activities in such areasas fund-raising, propaganda, civil defense, and Red Cross work. While some women in SanFranciscos Chinatown enlistedhe armed servi, many others went to work in businessesoutside their neighborhood and in defense industries