西门子燃气轮机介绍课件

1、西门子燃气轮机介绍Development of the SIEMENS GT-EfficiencySiemens Vx4.3A Gas TurbineTurbineCombustionChamberCompressor24 Hybrid BurnersTotal Experience 500 units installed 80 units committed 22 million hoursA Series Experience 143 units (30 ordered) 2,315,287 hours October 2004Scaled VX4.3A Row 1 Turbine Van

2、esScaled Rotors (V94.3, V64.3)Siemens Gas Turbine Family VX4.3A (1996)Compressor15 stagesPressure ratio 16.9Mass flow 645 kg/sCDA-profiles with side-wall correctionCombustorIntegrated annular combustorLining: air-cooled metallic heat shields or ceramic tiles24 hybrid burnersNOx 25 ppm (gas) Turbine4

3、 stagesSingle crystal row 1&2 bladesCOC and TBC *) 4+3 vane and blade rows cooledRow 1&2 vanes and row 1 blade withfilm coolingRotorNo alterations*) COC = Corrosion and Oxidation Coating, TBC = Thermal Barrier Coating2001:TISO = 1230 C398 MW / 58.4 %Annular combustorV94.3A Gas TurbineDesign Features

4、12876543(1) Generator coupling - At cold end drive(2) CasingHorizontally-Split (3) Rotor- Two bearings- Hollow shaft- Disks interlocked via Hirth serrations Disks axially fixed via Central tie bolt (4) Compressor - 15-Stage- Optimized flow distribution - Variable inlet guide vanes(5) Combustion Syst

5、em- Annular chamber 24 Hybrid BurnersCeramic and metallic heat shields (6) Burners- Dry low-NOx technologyMultiple fuels capability(7) Turbine- 4-Stage- Advanced cooling technology - Thermal barrier blade coatings - Film cooling of blade airfoils(8) ExhaustAxial Siemens VX4.3A1) with Annular Combust

6、orAnnular Combustor1) A = Annular CombustorSiemens Designation of Gas Turbines, Simple Cycle- and Unfired Combined Cycle- Power Plants3_0_0_0_1 PG W81For Example:Annular combustion chamberDevelopment state3=3rd generationCompressor size-Compressor mass flow Rate-Power outputSpeed9=50 Hz8=60 Hz6=90 H

7、z (Gearbox)Combustion machine(German: Verbrennungs-kraftmaschine)n CC 2.V94.3An CC 2.W501FDesignation of gas turbinemodelNo. of gas turbines per block(Mult-shaft arrangement,1S=single-shaft arrangement)Combined cycleorSC: Simple cycleNo. of CC or SC blocksV94.3APerformance Data of 50 Hz Siemens Gas

8、TurbinesBasic Rotor DesignsRotor DesignDesign features-Radial serration between all rotor parts (Hirth-Serration)-Central tie boltAdvantages-Safe torque transmission-Precise centering of all rotor parts,also with different radial extension of the parts-No disturbation of the rotational symmetry of t

9、he rotor, also with changing tie bolt force-Capabilty of on-site rotor disassembly and reassembly without the need of rebalancing-Simple generating and adjustment of the tie bolt force with hydraulic loading equipmentHirth-Serration of a Compressor DiscHirth-SerrationTurbine Disc with Hirth Serratio

10、nsAir Flows inside the RotorV84.3A CompressorSiemens Compressor Blade EvolutionV84.3V84.3ARow 1 Blades V84.3A CDA blade of a rear stagewith side-wall correctionNOx-Emission vs. Combustion Temperature & Residential TimeAir number lNOx-Emission (ppm)Residential Time (ms)Lufttemperatur = 400 CResidenti

11、al times (ms):1Silo-combustor1502Annular combustor 303Can-combustor 15Air temperature 400 C123Single Digit NOx EmissionThe NOx-Emission depends on CT only (with a given residential time)Combustion Temperature (C) The Vx.yA Family with Annular Hybrid Burner Ring (HBR) CombustorAnnular Combustor with

12、24 HybridburnersCompressorTurbineComparison of Diffusion Burner and Premix BurnerDiffusionPremixFuel gasPilot gasFuel gasAirAirhot zoneCurrent Emission Status V94.3ANOx Emissions are 25ppm at 100% base load.HR3 - Hybrid BurnerPilot oil supplyPilot oil returnPremix oil nozzlesDiffusion gas supplyPrem

13、ix gas nozzlesInner swirlerDiffusion and pilot gas nozzlesPremix gas supplyFuel oil pilot Premix passageVX4.3A Annular CombustorSiemens V94.3A Annular Combustor with Air Cooled Metallic Heat ShieldsInspection on burner sideInspection on turbine sideDesign of Combustion Chamber WallCast steel casing

14、lined with ceramic and metallic heat shieldsIndividual heat shield can be exchanged during combustion chamber inspections by access through man holes.Design Feature of V-Series:Annular Combustion Chamber with Ceramic Heatshields (CHS)V94.2A Combustor Hub PartSiemens Combustor DevelopmentV94.2V94.3V9

15、4.3A2 Silo-Combustors2x8 Hybrid burners2 Shortened Silo-Comb.2x8 Hybrid Burners1Annular Combustor24 Hybrid BurnersCombustor Load 10 20 116 MWth/m3Smaller and shorter combustor for reduction ofcooling air consumption and residential timeFurther Component Quality ImprovementCombustion SystemImprove de

16、sign toolsImprove total modelling (flow + combustion)Improve validation baseImprove measuring technologyReduce NOx-EmissionImprove cooling technology Improve dry premix combustion for liquid fuelsDevelop new combustion technologies (catalytic combustion?)Secure stable combustion Explore the combusti

17、on instability phenomenonDevelop measures against combustion instabilitiesVelocity distributionSiemens VX4.3A Annular CombustorTemperature distributionV84.3A Turbine Cooling Efficiencies of Various Blade Cooling MethodsCooling Methods for Turbine BladesThermal Barrier Coating (TBC)BondcoatBladeImpin

18、gementInsertCooling effects:AImpigement coolingBEnhanced convection cooling by turbilence generatorsCInternal heat transferD Film coolingHot gas sideVX4.3A Stage 1 Vane and BladeGreat (German) engineering!Compare this !One gas turbine blade 10 Porsche Turbos, but the price of a blade - is only that

19、of one Volkswagen Rabbit!Delivers the power of:V84.3A Row 1 Turbine VaneV84.3A Row 1 Turbine BladeVX4.3A Turbine Designcored row 4 bladeoncooledwithout shroudSingle crystal row 1&2 bladesFilm cooled row 1&2 vanes androw 1 bladeAdvanced Turbine Blade Casting TechnologiesPoly Crystal(PC)DirectionalSol

20、idification(DS)Single Crystal(SC)Thermal Barrier CoatingsEB-PVD Thermal Barrier CoatingEB PVD = Electronic Beam Plasma Vapour Deposition Pyrometric Temperature Measurement (V84.3A Shop Test) Coatings against Corrosion and OxidationRow 1 vane with corrosion attackCorrosion and Oxidation CoatingsFurth

21、er Component Quality Improvement TurbineImprove design toolsImprove validation baseImprove measuring technologyImprove cooling technologyImprove casting technologyImprove coating technologyImprove refurbishing technoloyImprove high temperature materialsDevelop new high temperature materials (ceramic

22、s?)Develop a new material for long final stage bladesOptimize exhaust gas channelReduce manufacturing costsReduce maintenance costsSiemens VX4.3A TurbineLarge 50 Hz Gas Turbines State of Development* Quelle: Gas Turbine World 2000-2001 Handbook, Vol. 21Gas turbines with more than 8 months of documen

23、ted experience in commercial operation in the year 2003Averagereliability99,5 %Averageavailability95,6 %可用率 V94.3A 20031111Major overhaul1可靠性 V94.2 , V94.3A, V84.3A 1997-200399.699.799.399.899.799.199.69095100%19971998200019992001Year99.799.7 99.5 99.5 99.2 2002V94.2V94.3A V84.3A2003V94.3A 先进的液力轴向间隙优化装置Value:Increased power and efficiencyResult: Successfu