2022年初中英语重点知识归纳讲解及专项训练：宾语从句

1、宾语从句 重点知识归纳及讲解 概述1在复合句中作主句及物动词的宾语的句子叫宾语从句。它一般是由从属连词，连接代词或连接副词来引导。它可以作动词，介词或某些形容词的宾语。例如：He said that he knew you. 他说他认识你。He asked me why I had come here. 他问我为什么来这里。I asked him what he wanted. 我问他要什么。Could you tell me if/whether they are all League members? 你是否能告诉我他们都是团员吗？I m interested in what he has

2、 said.我对他说的话很感兴趣。2宾语从句中的谓语动词的时态常受到主句中谓语动词时态的影响。因此， 要注意保持 主句和从句间时态的一致。当主句的谓语动词是现在或将来时态时，从句的谓语动词可用所 需要的任何时态。例如：He says that Lily is(will be/ was) a doctor. 他说莉莉是（将要成为 /过去是）医生。I ll tell you what I am doing (did/shall do)./将要做）什么。或将要告诉你我正在做（过去做 如果主句的谓语动词是过去时态，宾语从句的时态就比较复杂。在这种复合句中，宾语 从句的时态可以有：1）从句的谓语动词表示

3、与主句同时发生的动作，则用过去时或过去进行时。例如：I thought he was old. 我认为他老了。第 - 1 - 页 共 10 页He wanted to know who she was waiting for. 他想知道她在等谁。2）从句的谓语动词表示在主句动作之前完成的动作，则用过去完成时。例如：He said that he finished reading the book. 他说他看完了这本书。3）从句谓语动词表示在主句动作之后发生的动作，则用过去将来时。例如：She said that she was going to buy a new bike next week

4、. 她说她下个星期要去买一辆新自行车。I wasn t sure if it would rain. 我没有把握是否会下雨。4）从句表示普通真理时，其谓语动词用一般现在时。例如：The teacher told us the moon travels round the earth. 老师告诉我们，月亮绕地球转。初中阶段学习的宾语从句 在带宾语从句的复合句中，宾语从句前面一般要有连词（有的可省略）引导。由 that 引 出的宾语从句相当于陈述句；由 whether/if 引出的宾语从句相当于一般疑问句；由连接代词或连接副词引出的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句。主句是陈述句时，句末不用问号。但应该注意

5、的是它们的语序都是陈述句语序。1由从属述连词that 引导的宾语从句。在口语和新正式文体中常省略that。例如：He said(that) he would be back. 他说他将回来。We knew (that) he had made a mistake. 我们知道他犯了一个错误。在某些 be+形容词的结构后面也可以跟 例如：I am sure that I have posted the letter. 我的确把那封信寄了。第 - 2 - 页 共 10 页that 引导的宾语从句。I am afraid that you are right. 恐怕你是对的。2由连接代词或连接副词引导

6、的宾语从句，例如：Did you ask the teacher when we would have a test? 你问老师我们什么时候进行测验了吗？Do you know whose child he is? 你知道他是谁的孩子吗？I can t find out why the machine doesnk well. t wor我不能找出这台机器为什么动转不灵。Do you remember what the teacher said at the class meeting yesterday. 你记得老师昨天在班会上说的话吗？Could you tell me how long

7、it will take me to get to the hospital from here? 你能告诉我从这里到医院需要多长时间吗？I want to know which medicine he has taken. 我要知道他服了哪种药。Please tell me who called me just now. 请告诉我刚才谁打电话给我。I don t know whom they are speaking to.我不知道他的在跟谁讲话。He asked me where they were born. 他问我他们出生在哪里。Do you remember how much you

8、 paid for the coat? 你记得你买这件外衣付了多少钱吗？3由从属连词whether 或 if 引导的宾语从句，在口语中常用if 。例如：I don t know whether/ if this bike is hers.我不知道这辆自行车是否是她的。Can you tell me whether/ if your father joined the Party in 1990? 你能告诉我你父亲是不是 1990 年入党的？宾语从句应掌握的要点第 - 3 - 页 共 10 页1在三种类型的宾语从句中必须用陈述句的语序，即主语 用句号；但主句为疑问句时，句末用问号。+谓语动词 +

9、其它成分，句末2在带有宾语从句的复合句中，要注意主句和从句的时态的呼应。1）当主句的谓语动词是现在或将来时态时，从句的谓语动词可用任何需要的时态。式。2）当主句的谓语动词是过去时态时，从句的谓语动词只能用过去时态范围内的某一种形3）从句表示普遍真理时，即使主句的谓语动词是过去时，从句的谓语动词也须用一般现在时。4）在 think, believe 等动词引起的宾语从句中，如果否定的是后面的从句，一般要将主句动词改为否定形式，而从句仍然用肯定式。例如：I don t think you are right.我认为你不对。I don t believe she will take part in

10、the English evening.我相信她不会参加英语晚会。三、随堂监测 A 组 I. 选择填空 : 1. Did you hear _? A. what did I say B. what I said C. I said what D. what I say 2. Can you tell me _? A. which class you are in B. which class are you in C. you are in which class D. are you in which class 3. -Excuse me. Could you tell me _? - C

11、ertainly. A. when can I get to the station B. I can get to which station C. which station can I get to D. how I can get to the station 4. Could you tell me where _ yesterday? A. did you go B. you go C. you have gone D. you went 5. Tom asked me _. A. whose shirt was this B. whose shirt this was C. wh

12、o shirt was this D. who shirt this was 第 - 4 - 页 共 10 页6. Excuse me, could you tell me _? A. where s the teachers office B. where s the bus station s she doing D. where the post office is C. what 7. I want to see Mrs. Wang , but I dont know _.A. she lives where B. she where lives C. where she lives

13、D. where does she live 8. - Go and ask Mr. White for help. - But I don t know _.A. where does he live B. where he lives C. where is he living D. he lives there 9. - Can you tell me _? - Yes, he lives in a small town. A. where he lives B. who is singing C. when he will leave D. what he said 10. Have

14、you decided _ for London? A. when will you leave B. when you will leave C. when are you going D. when you are going 11. Excuse me. Could you tell me _our tickets? A. where do we show B. where shall we show C. where did we show D. where we shall show 12. - What are you interested in about cooking foo

15、d? - We are all interested in _. A. how egg is fried B. how is egg fried C. how egg fries D. how does egg fry 13. Do you know _? A. what it is B. what is it C. who is he D. whose name is it 14. Do you know _? A. whose book is this B. whose book this is C. this book is whose D. whos book this is 15.

16、I dont know _ now.A. where is my cat B. my cat is where C. where my cat is D. where my cat 16. Does he know _? A. what s your nameB. what name is your C. what your is name D. what your name is 17. Do you know _? A. which floor he lives C. he lives on which floor B. which floor he lives on D. which f

17、loor does he lives on 第 - 5 - 页 共 10 页18. Can you tell me where _? A. is the hospital B. the hospital is C. is hospital D. hospital is 19. He hasn t decided _.A. if hell go on a trip to Wuxi B. when will he go on a trip to Wuxi C. if he goes on a trip to Wuxi 20. Can you see _? D. when does he go on

18、 a trip to Wuxi A. what he s readingB. what is he reading C. what does he read D. he reads what 四、随堂监测 B 组 中考题集：1. - When are the Shutes leaving for New York? -Pardon? - I asked _. A. when are the Shutes leaving for New York B. when the Shutes are leaving for New York C. when were the Shutes leaving

19、 for New York D. when the Shutes were leaving for New York 2. Could you tell me _? I have something interesting to tell him. A. where is Li Hong B. where Li Hong is C. where was Li Hong D. where Li Hong has been to 3. - Could you tell me _? A. how many people have been out of hospital B. when is Tha

20、nksgiving C. which animal does he like best D. what time will the dolphin show start 4. I want to know _. A. what is his name B. what s his nameC. that his name is D. what his name is 5. He asked me _. A. if she will come B. how many books I want to have C. they would help us do it D. what was wrong

21、 with me 6. Do you still remember _ at the meeting? 第 - 6 - 页 共 10 页A. that Jim said B. what Jim said C. did Jim said that D. what did Jim said 7. - Excuse me, _ to the nearest bookshop, please? - Go straight and take the second turning on the left. A. where the way is B. which the way is C. where i

22、s the way D. which is the way 8. Mike, go and see who _ football on the playground. A. is playing B. plays C. played D. were playing 9. The woman still doesnt know what _ in her hometown while she was away.A. happens B. happened C. will happen D. was happened 10. - Can I help you? - Yes. I get there

23、? d like a ticket to Mount Emei. Can you tell me _take to A. how soon will it B. how soon it will C. how long it will D. how long will it 11. - I hear we ll have a new teacher this term. - Really? Do you know _? A. what subject does he teach B. what subject will he teach C. what subject he teaches D

24、. what subject is he going to teach 12. He asked his teacher _. A. if there was a monster in Loch Ness B. when was Albert Einstein born C. how would the scientists find out the result 13. Do you know _ over there? D. where could he find the library A. what happens B. what was happened C. what is hap

25、pening D. what did happen 14. - Do you know _ we will arrive at your hometown? - This afternoon. A. when B. why C. if D. where 15. Could you tell me _ to Mount Putuo tomorrow? A. how you will go B. how will you go C. how you have gone D. how have you gone 16. Could you tell me _? A. which room he li

26、ves B. which room he lived C. which room did he live in D. which room he lives in 17. - Do you know _ he is? - He says “ 1.75 metres ” , but Im not sure.第 - 7 - 页 共 10 页A. how many B. how old C. how far D. how tall 18. She said she _ me five letters in one month. A. has written B. will write C. had

27、written D. wrote 19. Can you tell me _ she is waiting for? A. why B. whose C. whom D. which 20. I dont know _ he still lives here.A. where B. what C. when D. whether 21. - Be careful! Dont break the bottles. Do you hear _ I said, David? - Yes, mum. A. what B. that C. why D. if 22. I d like to know _

28、.A. when will he give back the tape B. whether has he received higher education C. that he has been busy D. whether she will join in our English evening 23. Could you tell me _? A. when shall we start B. who are you waiting for C. where the bus station is D. why were you late 24. - Do you know _? I

29、m going to see him. - Sorry, I dont know.A. where does Mr. Li live B. where did Mr. Li live C. where Mr. Li lives D. where Mr. Li lived 25. He asked me _. A. who did kick the first goal in the World Cup B. when was the APEC meeting held C. when China became a member of the WTO D. where will the 2008

30、 Olympics be held 26. She wanted to know _ her mother liked the present. A. which B. that C. if D. what 27. Could you tell me _? A. who is she B. where s the nearest fast restaurantC. if he will come tomorrow D. which way is to the underground station 第 - 8 - 页 共 10 页28. Do you know if _ back next week? If he _ back, please let me know. A. he comes, will come B. will he come, comes C. he will come, comes D. will he come, will come 29. - Can you tell me why _? - Because I want to help the people there. A. do you go to Tibet B. did you