商务英语词汇翻译(一)概要课件

1、商务英语词汇翻译Translation of words in Business English Translation商务英语性质与特点1. 用词正式、严谨、准确construe; interim; grant; levy; utilize 2. 常用缩略词、外来词、古体词YR TLX 28 TH RCVD; VC; B/L; POD; L/C; F.O.Bherewith; herein; hereunder; hereof; hereby3. 句法复杂，多介词、被动、非谓语动词、从句等商务英语翻译的标准faithfulness, exactness, consistency, fluen

2、cy解释；临时；提供，让渡财产征收，征税；利用 试论英汉词义的差异（刘宓庆1980）灵活之英语词汇Words do not have meanings; people have meanings for words. (Eric Partridge)独立性较小，含义广泛：man严谨之汉语词汇约定俗成 正名言实。 荀子正名篇双音节词受合力制约，不易变通：人民；开端英语词汇多义性与翻译之难一名之立，旬月踟蹰。 严复STORY 故事？【1】This war is becoming the most important story of this generation.这场战争已成为这一代人的最重大的

3、事件。【2】Some reporters who were not included in the session broke the story.有些没有参加那次会议的记者把内情捅出去了。【3】Hell be very happy if that story holds up.如果这话当真，那他太高兴了。【4】A young man came to Scottis office with a story.一个年轻人来到斯科特的办公室报案。【5】The story about him became smaller and faded out from the American televisi

4、on by and by.报道中对他的渲染减少了，不久他就从美国电视上销声匿迹。汉英词汇意义的变迁英语：snowballingNice （古法语foolish or silly）foolish wanton strange lazy coy modest fastidious refined precise subtle slender critical attentive minutely accurate dainty appetizing agreeable pleasantJet; shuttle; yawn; remoteThe point is, dont try to total

5、 the guys that overweight you by far.汉语：因形见义差距；回收；导游；蹲点；试点；双职工；成活率英译汉常用手段1. 引申 （具体 概括化、一般化的词）For the next month or two Kissinger focused on these concerns and others.concern（关注、重视、担心、焦虑）问题2. 揉合 （扩大汉语词义范围）Detente is an aspiration of Western policy, not a political reality.aspiration (愿望、欲望、期望、心愿、抱负、理

6、想、志向) 企望3. 融合 （灵活变通汉语句式，求神似）It can be said for his justification that he had to give up when any advice he gave her causes nothing but back talk.凭心而论，他也只好就此罢休，因为每次他给她提意见，她就顶回去。What can easily be seen in his poems are his imagery and originality, power and range.他的诗形象生动，独具一格，而且气势磅礴，这是显而易见的。英译汉常用手段4.

7、拆译 （解析化滞，灵活安排）The Western powers would once again have gladly escaped the Soviet initiative.西方国家本来可以再次避开苏联的倡议，那样以来他们就比现在惬意自如了。5. 增补 （补窄就宽）【1】作形容词用的名词sanitation cops 保护环境卫生的警察（美国）attention span 上课（开会）时参加者能集中注意力的时限appointment secretary 负责安排日程的秘书【2】在表意上具有特殊色彩的词devour 狼吞虎咽似的吃； sip 一小口一小口地喝（茶、咖啡等）【3】抽象名词

8、 oneness 一体状态； darkness 一团漆黑【4】合成词autome （automobile + home）流动住宅车商务英语词汇特点及翻译概述商务英语专业词汇premium (保险费); indemnities (赔偿); tenacy (房屋出租); lease of property(财产出租);普通词汇在商务英语中的意义及用法composition (和解); appreciation of money (货币升值); break-even point(保本点); royalty(提成费); lot (票（货物）); distribution(销售); dump(倾销);

9、aquire(收购); hornor vt.(支付)；accept(兑现); 一词多义现象margin (利润；押金；保证金); discount (打折；贴现；贴水)P21articles (商品；条款)turnover (营业额；证券成交额；（货物）流动，吞吐；人员更换率)p25如何正确理解商英词汇意义？汉英文化差异与翻译策略语境在所有翻译中都是最重要的因素，其重要性大于任何法规、任何理论、任何基本词义。 Newmark意义对等（忌望文生义）(E-C)black tea (红茶); golden sugar(赤砂糖)；brown sugar(红糖); black coffee(浓咖啡);

10、strong tea(浓茶);功能对等（考虑到其接受性）(C-E)双羊v.s. goats; 白猫v.s.cat；白象v.s. white elephant 蓝天v.s. blue sky好马不吃回头草 兔子不吃窝边草 天涯何处无芳草 Dont fish the fish you let go. Dont fish in your neighbors pond. Shes not the only fish in the ocean.汉英不同的表达习惯大雪heavy snow (而不习惯说big snow)红茶black tea (而不习惯说red tea)红糖brown sugar (而不习

11、惯说red sugar)浓茶strong tea (而不习惯说thick tea)喝汤eat soup (而不习惯说drink soup)丢脸lose face (而不习惯说lose ones face)发脾气lose temper (而不习惯说lose ones temper)露一手show a hand (而不习惯说show ones hand)红眼病green-eyed (而不习惯说red-eyed)减肥lose weight (而不习惯说lose ones weight)闯红灯run a red light (而不习惯说through a red light)不论晴雨rain or s

12、hine 而不习惯说(whether) shine or rain近三年the past three years (而不习惯说the latest three years) 所以，东南西北要说成north，south，east and west商务英汉翻译技巧探索直译（Literal Translation）（理解原文词义）We spent five hundred dollars on travelling, and a like sum on books.我们旅行花费了五百美元，买书也花费了同样多的钱。Share prices moved ahead today.股票价格今日上扬。意译（F

13、ree Translation）（表达：引申）We insist that international trade should not be a one-way street.我们坚持主张国际贸易不应是有来无往。And now for the good news: Stockholm residents enjoy sunbathing in November. Antarctic tourism is booming. Siberia has become the worlds breadbasket.这是令人庆幸的消息：斯德哥尔摩居民十一月尚能享日光浴，南极的旅游业日趋兴旺，西伯利亚成了

14、世界粮仓。表达：词类转化英语作为屈折语(fusional language)liberalization; payment; schematically; simplicity; meticulously动词化汉语Before the payment of these tariffs, the imported goods will be in the custody of the customs and storage charges are for the importers account.交关税前，进口货物由海关保管，存储费由出口商负担。（名-动）We should advise yo

15、u to get in touch with them for your requirements.建议你方与他们取得联系，洽购所需商品。（介-动）It was clear that they had no desire for cooperation.很清楚他们没有合作的诚意。（形-动）The new type of machine is shown schematically in Figure 1.图一所示是这种新型及其的简图。（副-名）补充词汇 price term world / international market price 国际市场价格 FOB (free on board

16、) 离岸价 C&F (cost and freight) 成本加运费价 CIF (cost, insurance and freight) 到岸价 freight 运费 wharfage 码头费 landing charges 卸货费 customs duty 关税 port dues 港口税 import surcharge 进口附加税 import variable duties 进口差价税 commission 佣金 return commission 回佣，回扣 price including commission 含佣价 net price 净价 wholesale price 批发价 discount / allowance 折扣 retail price 零售价 spot price 现货价格 current price 现行价格 / 时价 indicative price 参考价格 customs valuation 海关估价 price list 价目表 total value 总值翻译工具1知识词典：/2CNKI翻译助手：http:/3爱词霸：http:/ 4雅虎中国: http:/（兼顾句子翻译和