高中阅读理解讲解

1、高中英语阅读理解讲解阅读理解常见的问题1读的方法不对；2.速度慢;3.归纳能力差。解决办法掌握正确的阅读方法学生一般会采取两种阅读方法，一种是先看文章后看问题； 另一种是先看问题，带着问题读文章。可以先看问题，先看问题可以熟悉命题者 的出题角度，并且扫描题干可以抓住关键，做到有的放矢。即(Questi on-Passage-Questio)克服不良阅读习惯阅读时，习惯用手指或笔指着读，或者发出声音，遇到难句子喜欢回看。 b 遇到难词就停下来，或者查字典或是绞尽脑汁猜测其具体含义。阅读时没有必要把每一个单词都读懂。要是不认识的生词对理解文章的关系不 大，就可以跳过去不管它。关键是能否在读完文章之

2、后，把与冋题相关的几个句 子找出来。c.把英语翻译成汉语，大部分考生阅读速度比较慢，主要是存在这个问题。阅 读是精读加泛读的过程。因此，不要逐字逐句地翻译其含义。快速浏览全文，把握文章主旨大意标重点。在快速浏览文章的时候，不需要每一个单词和句子都读得懂，阅读中经常会 遇到一些专有名词(包括人名、地名、组织机构名称等)，一般都可以不作计较， 必要的时候，用X、丫的字母代替它们就行了。在这个环节，学生们所要做的就 是弄清楚这篇文章的中心思想是什么。积累词汇量。平时阅读完一篇文章或看完报纸， 可以有意识地记一下生词尤其 尤其是咼频词汇。阅读理解考查题型细节理解题；推理判断题；主旨大意题；词义猜测题；

3、作者的意图和态度题。各个击破细节理解题，即要求考生对阅读材料中的某一具体事实和细节进行理解。 一般可以在文章中直接或间接找到答案，但是不可能与阅读材料一模一样，而是用不同的词语或句型表达相同的意思体现中心思想，一篇试题的细节与主旨直接关联。干扰选项的特点：部分正确，部分错误是原文信息，但是不是题目要求的内容符合常识，但不是文章内容与原句的内容极为相似，只是在程度上有些变动 常见提问形式有：When /Where did the story happen?Which of the followi ng is TRUE in the passage?All of the followi ng ar

4、e true except.For the TV producers, reality TV is a dream come true becausemany of the programs cost nothing to make. At some point, the television viewers are asked to teleph one the program to vote or to apply to take part in the show. It is the cost of these telepho ne calls that pays for the sho

5、ws. One of the most popular shows is Pop Idol. In the show a group of attractive young people are made into pop stars. TV viewers vote for their favorite pers on on the show. The winner makes a record and millions of copies of the record are sold. His or her pictures are published on the covers of m

6、agaz ines or on the front pages of n ewspapers, and the n, they are quickly forgotte n. Who would pay for the cost of the reality TV shows according to the passage?TV producers who make reality TV showsTV actors who take part in reality TV shows.TV viewers who telepho ne reality TV showsTV compa nie

7、s which broadcast reality TV shows.推理判断题这类题主要考查学生根据文章的字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示， 推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓意等。干扰项的特点：只是原文的简单复述，而非推断出来的结论，把直接表达当作间接推理看似从原文推断出来的结论，然而实际上与原文不符，如因果倒置，手段变 目的等根据考生已有的常识是正确的，但是却不是基于文章，一切以文章为准 常见提问形式有： TOC o 1-5 h z 1.It can be in ferred that.We can infer from the passage that.The paragraph

8、implies that.A recent research study by the Pew Internet and American Life Project showed that for a lot of people, electro nic in teract ion through the computer has replaced this pers on-to- pers on in teractio n. However, a lot of people in terviewed for the Pew study say that s a good thing. Why

9、?.It can be in ferred from the Pew study that.people have bee n separated from each other by using computersthe Internet makes people waste a lot of time and feel very Ion elythe Internet has become a tool for a new kind of social com muni cati ona lot of people regard the pers on-to-pers on com mun

10、i cati on as a good thi ng.主旨大意题该类题主要考察学生对所读材料中心思想的概括。其考察形式有很多，如概括标 题、主题、中心思想等。第一步，仔细阅读文章的首末段的首末句，西方人说话向来喜欢开门见山，所以英语文章段落70%fE是一上来交待作者的写 作目的或意图。第二步，仔细阅读其他段落的首句，然后把这两步综合起来，文 章的主旨大意就可以把握住。主旨题的注意事项：段落中出现转折时，该句很可能是主题句作者有意识的反复重复的观点通常是主旨首段出现疑问句时，对该问题的解答就是文章主旨d.提出文章主旨时常伴有的文字提示：therefore ， thus ， but ， howev

11、er， in short 等等正确选项特点：不出现细节信息；不含过分肯定或绝对意义的词干扰项特点：细节信息明显，以偏概全；过于笼统 常见提问形式有：The first paragraph mai nly tells us.What is mainly discussed in the passage?The main point of this passage is.What is the best title for the passage?词义猜测题，即要求考生根据一定的上下文或者其他方法猜测生词的词义。 a 通过因果关系猜词通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词女口： He is so homel

12、y ，not at all as handsome as his brother.根据 not atall handsome我们不难推测出homely的意思，即不英俊、不漂亮的意思。通过构词法猜词如掌握了一些常用的词根、前缀、后缀等语法知识，如前缀un-表反义词，如fair、 unfair，等； argue、argument 等；后缀-er、-or 如 calculate 、calculator ， 问题便不难解决了。通过定义或释义关系来推测词义例如： But sometimes，no rain falls for a long ，long time. Then there is a dry

13、period ， or drought. 从drought所在句子的上文我们得知很久不下雨， 于是便有一段干旱的时期，即 drought，由此可见drought意思为旱灾.常见提问形式有： TOC o 1-5 h z The un derl ined word can be best replaced by.The word probably means.The word is closest in meaning to.When women sit together to watch a movie on TV , they usually talk simultaneously (同时的)

14、about a variety of subjects, in clud ing childre n, men, careers and what s happe ning in their lives. When groups of men and wome n watch a movie together, the men usually end up telling the women to shut up. Men can either talk or watch the scree n - they can t do both - and they don t un dersta n

15、d that wome n can. Besides, women consider that the point of all getting together is to have a good time and develop relati on ships - not just to sit there like couch potatoes stari ng at the scree n.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?Wome n Are Socially Trained to TalkT

16、alk ing Mai ntai ns Relatio nshipsWomen Love to TalkMen Talk Differe ntly from Wome n5).作者的意图和态度题这类题主要考查学生对作者写作的意图，和所议论事件的态度或观点的理解和把 握。作者态度题的解题技巧作者对某一事物的看法，要么支持，要么反对，带中立色彩的词最不可能 是正确答案 . 但是，一般新闻报道是比较客观的。漠不关心类词语一定不对，既然写文章就不会不关心( indifferent )不要把自己的态度揉入其中，也要区分开作者的态度和作者引用的别人的 态度当作者的态度没有明确提出时，要学会根据作者使用词语

17、的褒贬性去判断 作者的态度作者观点一般与文章主旨相关联 常见提问形式有：1 The author would agree that.What does the author thi nk of ?3 .The author s purpose in writing this story is.The aim of time man ageme nt is not to schedule every mome nt so we become slaves of a timetable that governs every waking moment of the day. Instead, th

18、e aim is to make informed choices as to how we use our time. Rather than letting the day go by, largely without our awareness, what we are going to discuss next can make us better able to con trol time for our own purposesIn the next part, the author would most probably discuss with you .how to keep

19、 up with the timeshow to make up for lost timehow to have a good timehow to make good use of time总结阅读理解答题技巧 高考英语考试中 , 阅读理解得分的高低决定了该科目考试的成败。这不仅要求学 生平时有扎实的基本功 , 良好的阅读习惯 , 还要求掌握一定的做题技巧， 掌握高考 英语阅读理解题的应试技巧，正确地理解和分析问题，应从以下几个方面入手：一、抓住文章的首段与末段及段落的首句和末句 文章的首段与末段、段落的首句和末句，一般表达文章的主题和段落的 中心思想，其它段落及句子只起补充、说明、解释或引申的作用。二、进行合理推断 对文章有了详细而全面的理解之后，就要按照文章内容，上下文的逻辑 关系，作出合理推断，表示逻辑关系的标志词是连接词、副词、代词、 介词短语、关系词、插入语等，通读时应特别注意。三、猜测推敲生词 阅读短文时，常常会遇到一些生词。通过对全篇短文的理解，上下文的 提示，就很有可能猜测出生词