现在完成时课件教学

1、Grammar现在完成时（一）一、现在完成时的基本结构现在完成时由“助动词 have/has + 过去分词”构成，其基本句式结构为： 肯定句：主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + 其他.I have seen this film. 否定句：主语 + have/has not + 过去分词 + 其他.I have not seen this film. 一般疑问句：Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他?肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + have/has. 否定回答：No, 主语 + havent/hasnt.Have you seen the film? Yes, I have

2、. / No, I havent.和主语一致have not = havent; has not = hasnthave/has 常可缩略为 -ve/-s二、过去分词的构成1. 规则变化（与动词过去式规则一样，此类称作规则动词）一般在词尾直接加 -ed以不发音的e结尾的，加 -d以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，改y为i加-ed重读闭音节以一个辅音字母结尾的，双写这个辅音字母后加 -edworkworkedsliceslicedstudystudiedstopstopped-ed 的读音规则： 在元音或浊辅音后读 d，如 tried trad，lived lvd。 在清辅音后读 t，如 worked

3、wkt，stopped stpt。 在td后读d，如 mended mendd，wanted wntd。2. 不规则变化（此类称作不规则动词，有很多）原形（不定式）过去式过去分词bewas/werebeenhavehadhadchoosechosechosenputputputrunranrun参看课本P136-137 Irregular Verbs（不规则动词表）三、现在完成时的用法1. 表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常和 just（刚刚），already（已经），yet（还，仍然），ever（曾经），never（从未），before（以前），so far（到目前为止）

4、等连用。 Have you had your breakfast yet? Yes, I have. Ive just had it. Have you ever heard this song? No. Ive never heard it before.Julia has collected over 100 beautiful coins so far.现在完成时用法1：表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。pastI had breakfast.Im not hungry now. presentI have already had breakfast.（早餐过去吃的，现

5、在不饿。）图示法表示2. 现在完成时还可以表示过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态，常与“for + 时间段”或“since + 时间点 / 从句”连用，这时要用延续性动词。They have worked in this company for 30 years.He has been in the army since 2016.（错：He has joined the army since 2016.）【特别提醒】如果要对 for 或 since 短语提问，疑问词用 how long。 How long have you lived in this area? For at le

6、ast 10 years/since 10 years ago.现在完成时用法2：表示过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态。图示法表示past I moved here in 1990.I still live here. presentI have lived here for 30 years.(30年来一直生活在这里）四、already 与 yet 在现在完成时中的用法解析yet常用于否定句或疑问句句末。用于表示某事尚未发生或某情形尚未出现，或用于询问某事是否已经发生。He hasnt finished the book yet.Have you seen him yet?alr

7、eady常用于肯定句中，用于强调某事已经开始出现。They have already known each other.五、现在完成时 VS 一般过去时现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调的是现在的情况，因此不能和表示过去的时间状语连用。I have already done my homework.（不能用last night等）Ive been to Paris before.（不能用last year等） 2.一般过去时只表示过去的动作和状态，与现在无关。可以和表示过去的时间状语连用。I did my homework last night.When did yo

8、u go to Paris? （when 一定不要和现在完成时连用）Grammar现在完成时（二）一、现在完成时中的 ever 和 never ever 的含义及用法ever 作副词，意为“曾经”，常用于现在完成时的否定句和疑问句中，位于助动词 have/has 之后、过去分词之前。Have you ever seen anything like it?你曾见过像它这样的东西吗?I dont think I have ever been here before. 我觉得我以前从未到过这里。 never 的含义及用法never 作副词，意为“从不；从未”，常用于现在完成时中，表示否定含义，位于助

9、动词 have/has 之后、过去分词之前。I have never lost the weight I put on in my teens.我在十几岁时增加的体重从没减下去过。have/has been to 表示“曾经去过某地”，暗含现在已不在那里了。后可接次数，如 once, twice, three times 等，表示“去过某地几次”，也可和 just，never，ever等连用。My sister has been to Dalian twice. 我姐姐去过大连两次。Have you ever been to the West Lake?你曾经去过西湖吗?have/has go

10、ne to 表示“去某地了”，暗含说话时该人不在现场。 Where is Jim?吉姆在哪里? He has gone to England.他去英国了。 (尚未回来)二、have/has been to 与 have/has gone to 的区别Exercises一、单项选择。1. Its ten years since we came here. How time flies! We _ in China for so long.A. work B. worked C. will work D. have worked2.Today, all the erhu masters play

11、and praise Erquan Yingyue. It _ one of Chinas national treasures.A.becomes B. became C. has become D. become3.Miss Brown, we _ cleaning our classroom. Can we go home now?A. finish B. finishing C. are finished D. have finishedDCD4. Your new watch is so nice! When did you buy it? In April. I _ it for

12、two months. A. have hadB. had C. have bought D. bought5. Has your sister finished reading _? Yes. She has_ finished.A. yet; yet B. yet; already C. already; yet D. already; alreadyAB二、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。1.She _(not read) the book yet.2._ you _(decide) which book to buy yet?3.Tom wont go to the cinema wi

13、th us because he _ already _ (see) the film.4.David hasnt _(finish) _(read) Harry Potter yet.5.We _ just _(clean) the classroom.6.I _(lend) my bike to her yesterday, but she _ (not give) it back to me yet.hasnt readHavehasseenfinishedhavecleaneddecidedreadinglenthasnt given4.The three students have

14、been together for 3 hours/since 3 hours ago. (对画线部分提问) _ _ have the three students been together?5.She has already gone to England. (改为否定句)ranceShe _ gone to England _.6.He hasnt come to school because hes ill. (对画线部分提问)_ _ he come to school?How longhasntWhy hasntyetExercises一、单项选择。1. _ you ever _ t

15、he history museum, Paul? No, I havent.A. Do; visit B. Did; visit C. Have; visited D.Had; visited2. Hi, Tom! _ you ever _ the Birds Nest? Yes, I have. Its fantastic.A. Have; been to B. Have; gone to C. Did; go to D.Do; go to3.He likes traveling and he_ many countries so far.A. has gone to B. has been to C. went to D. would go toCAB4. Paris is a wonderful place. So it