2020—2021学年人教新课标高二英语《Art grammer》课件

1、虚拟语气Subjunctive mood陈述语气the indicative moodYou are very careful.祈使语气the imperative mood Please be careful!虚拟语气the subjunctive moodI wish you were more careful. 1. I wish I could remember more about my mum.2. I wish that she were here with me and that we werent sick.虚拟语气用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而只是一种愿望、假设、怀

2、疑、猜测、空想等。 1、在if条件从句中的运用1）if真实条件句2）if虚拟条件句（省略if的倒装句）3）错综条件句4）含蓄条件句（without，but for，不定式，分词等后） 虚拟语气的运用1、if条件句中的虚拟语气 If it _ (rain) tomorrow, our trip _ (put off).构成从句：一般现在时 主句：将来时rainswill be put off1）if真实条件句 条件从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式与现在事实相反动词过去式(be用were)should/ would/ could/ might+动词原形与过去事实相反had+doneshould/ wo

3、uld/ could/ might+ have done与将来事实相反 1. 动词过去式 2. should动词原形 3.were to动词原形should/ would/ could/ might动词原形2）if非真实条件句Examples:1. If I were you, I would go at once.2. If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him.3. If it were sunny tomorrow, I would come to see you.请注意省略if的虚拟倒装Were I you

4、, IHad you comeWere it sunny tomorrow,3）错综条件句If I had spoken to him yesterday, I should know what to do now.假如昨天我对他说了，现在我就知道该怎么办了。注：当条件从句与结果主句所表的时间不一致时，虚拟语气的应作相应的调整。4）含蓄条件句What would I have done without you?非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表出来，只暗含在上下文中，这种句子叫做含蓄条件句。含蓄条件句大体分为两类：*条件暗含在短语中：But for your help we couldnt ha

5、ve succeeded in the experiment.Im really very busy, otherwise I would certainly go there with you.*条件暗含在上下文中：I would not have done it (if I were you).I would have bought it (if I had had the money).非真实条件句中的条件从句除用if引导外，还可以用when, unless, suppose, as if, for fear, in case, on condition等词来引导。*Unless I w

6、ere well, I wouldnt be at school.*Suppose you were given a chance to study in America, would you accept?*He can use the bicycle on condition that he should return it tomorrow.*In case I forget, please remind me of my promise.*When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it were broken

7、.*Even if he were to come here, he could not solve the problem.2、在主语从句中谓语动词可以用虚拟语气表示惊奇，不相信，惋惜，理应如此等主观的情感，其谓语动词用should +动词原形，should 可以省略。It is strange that she should wear such a coat.It is necessary that we should clean the room every day. (important, natural, right, etc. ) It is a pity that you sho

8、uld be so careless.It is requested that Miss Liu should give a performance at the party. (要求,建议,命令suggested, decided, ordered, requested, proposed, etc)3、宾语从句1)表示命令，建议，要求，如suggest, demand, order, insist, request, require, command等后接宾语从句，多用虚拟语气 (should)+动词原形 We suggest that we (should) have a meeting

9、. We insisted that they (should) go with us.注：insist/ suggest不接虚拟的用法She insisted that she had seen the thief.她坚持说她看见了那个贼。（坚持事实）His uncle insists that he should not stay in the hotel.他的叔叔坚持要求他不要待在旅馆 里。His pale face suggested that he was ill and I suggested that he should go to the hospital at once.2)

10、用在wish 后面I wish it were spring all the year round. -现在I wish he visited us now.I wish you could go with us. -将来We wish we had arrived here two hours earlier. -过去3)would rather+从句之后I would rather you had gone, too. -过去I would rather you paid me now. -现在 Dont come. I would rather you came tomorrow. -将

11、来 （动词的用法同wish的宾语从句）注：if only用法类似意为：若是.那该多好啊; 真希望.; 只要, 只要.就好表示现在的情况,应用过去式; 如果是过去的情况,应用过去完成时态 If only I had arrived in time!If only she didnt drive so fast.4、虚拟语气用于表语从句，同位语从句表示要求、命令、建议的名词，如advice, idea, order, demand, plan, proposal, suggestion, request等的表语从句和同位语从句要用虚拟语气，其谓语动词的构成是should +动词原形We all a

12、greed to his suggestion that we should go to Beijing for our summer vocation.My idea is that we should go to Beijing for our summer vacation.5.虚拟语气用于定语从句It is (high) time that It is time that we left school.It is time that we should leave school. (should不可以省略)1. If he _ his legs yesterday, he _ with

13、 us now.A. hadnt hurt ; would go B. hadnt hurt; would have goneC. didnt hurt; would go D. didnt hurt; would have gone2. _ before we depart the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful party.A. Had they arrivedB. Would they arriveC. Were they arriving D. Were they to arrive 3. I was away that d

14、ay, otherwise I _ the lecture.had attended would have attendedwould attend attended with，without，but for，but， otherwise4. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I _ your advice.A. followB. had followedC. would followD. have followed5. -Do you mind if I open the window? -_ I feel a bit cold.

15、 A. Of course not.B. Id rather you didnt.C. Go ahead.D. Why not?6.-Dont you think it necessary that he _ to Miami but to New York? -I agree, but the problem is _ he has refused to. A. will not be sent; thatB. not be sent; thatC. should not be sent; whatD. should not send; whatAD6. Alan _ the party i

16、f he had gone to London. A. would have missed B. had missed C. would miss D. missed7. If I had known you were coming, I _ you at the airport. A. had met B. met C. would meet D. would have metBAB8. If only I _ to my parents! (But I didnt.) A. listened B. had listened C. should listen D. would listen9

17、. Tom suggested that Ann _ the house. A. sell B. sold C. shall sell D. would sell10. I wish this bus _ to the university. A. go B. went C. has gone D. had gone11. Simon looks as though he never _ a square meal(吃得饱), though his parents feed him very well. A. get B. getting C. got D. should get12. He

18、is talking so much about America as if he _ there. A. had been B. were C. was D. been13. I _ you some money, but I hadnt got any then. A. would lend B. would have lent C. could lend D. may have lentCAB14. Have you ever been to Beijing? - No, but I wish I _. A. have B. will C. do D. had15. I dont thi

19、nk it is the right time that you _. A. will go B. went C. go D. must go16. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it . A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been brokenDBC17. The young man insisted that he _ nothing wrong and _ free.did; set B. had done; should be setC.

20、do; be set D. had done; must be setB18. Mother suggested that I _ my homework first before watching TV.A. did B. do C. shall do D. have done B19. My suggestion was that the meeting _ off still next week.to put B. be puttingC. Should put D. be putD20. You didnt let me drive. If we _ in turn, you _ so ti