2019年临沂市初中学业水平考试试题解析

1、2019年临沂市初中学业水平考试试题英语注意事项: 1.本试卷分第1卷(选择题)和第卷(非选择题)两部分，共10页.满分100分，考试时间100分钟。答卷前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座号填写在试卷和答题卡规定的位置。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 2.答题注意事项见答题卡，簣在本试卷上不得分。第I卷(选择题共55分)一、听力测试(共15小题，计15分)注意:听力测试分四部分，共20小题。做题时，请先将答案画在试卷上,录音内容结束后，将所选答案转除到答题卡上。(一) (2019山东临沂)听句子，选择与句子内容相对应的图片。每个句子读两遍。(二) (2019山

2、东临沂)听对话和问题，根据所听内容，选择最佳答案。对话和问题都读两遍。6. A. To do business. B. To visit her friends. C. To study medicine.7. A. Sallys. B. Alans. C. Dannys.8. A. Some chicken. B. Some sandwiches. C. Some fish.9. A. He will go to the park. B. He will prepare for a party. C. He will take an exam.10. A. At home. B. On th

3、e playground. C. In the library. (三) (2019山东临沂)听短文，根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误，正确的用“A”表示，不正确的用“B”表示。短文读两遍。听短文前，你们有20秒钟的时间阅读下列句子。11. Helen Thayer was the first woman who walked to the North Pole (北极) alone.12. Helen was born in the United States.13. Helen had a dream to walk to the North Pole alone when she was

4、frty.14. On her journey, Helen walked 345 miles in freezing weather conditions.15. Once, seven polar bears (北极熊) wanted to eat Helen. Luckily, she saved herself.请考生们翻到第7页,先找到第四大题。你们将有5秒钟的准备时间。【答案】【听力材料】二、单项填空(共15小题，计15分)选择最佳答案。16. (2019山东临沂) Berlin is_ capital of Germany,A./ B. a C. the16. C 考查冠词用法。

5、句意：柏林是德国的首都。根据句意可知表示特指“德国的首都”。故选C。17. (2019山东临沂)In the world, more than 30% of schools do not provide safe drinking water_ about 570 million children.A. with B. for C. towards17. B 考查介词的用法。句意：在世界上，超过30%的学校没有为大约5.7亿儿童提供安全的饮用水。固定搭配provide sth. for sb.意为“为某人提供某物”。故选B。18. (2019山东临沂)If I leave my house a

6、t 9 oclock and drive to the airport, Ill arrive at about 11. So its about two_ drive from my house to the airport.A. hours B. hours C. hours18. A 考查名词所有格。句意：如果我9点离开家开车去机场，我将在11点左右到达。所以从我家到机场大约有两个小时的车程。 基数词two后用名词复数，故填hours，此处指“两个小时的车程”，用名词所有格，故在hours后加“”。故选A。19. (2019山东临沂)Im getting hungry. Do you k

7、now where we can get some good food?Of course! There_ a restaurant around the corner.A. will be B. was C. is19. C考查there be句型。句意：我饿了。你知道我们在哪里可以买到好食物吗?当然有!拐角处有一家餐馆。 根据句意可知用一般现在时，而there be结构中，be动词与后面相邻的主语保持数的一致，本句主语为a restaurant，为单数，故选C。20. (2019山东临沂)A recent survey shows that 44 percent of Americans

8、want to use self-driving cars,_ 34 percent believe that they will make the roads more dangerous.A. although B. because C. if20. A考查连词的用法。句意：最近的一项调查显示，44%的美国人希望使用自动驾驶汽车，尽管34%的人认为这将使道路更加危险。although尽管；虽然；because因为；if如果。由句意可知前后句表示让步关系，故选A。21. (2019山东临沂)Tennis can exercise all of our muscles (肌肉). And it

9、 requires _to spend time with others. This is good for our health too.A. ours B. us C. we21. B考查人称代词的用法。句意：网球可以锻炼我们的肌肉。它需要我们花时间和别人在一起。这对我们的健康也有好处。动词require后跟人称代词宾格作宾语，故选B。22. (2019山东临沂)Ants are pretty small. You might think that they _be rather weak. But what you might not know is that ants are actu

10、ally very strong for their size.A. need B. cant C. must22. C考查情态动词。句意：蚂蚁非常小。你可能认为他们一定很弱小。但你可能不知道的是，就蚂蚁的体型而言，它们实际上非常强壮。must表示对肯定的推测；cant表示对否定的推测，故选C。23. (2019山东临沂)Left-behind children _see their parents, because their parents work in the cities, leaving them behind in the countryside to be cared for

11、by their grandparents.A. always B. hardly ever C. often23. B 句意：留守儿童很少见到他们的父母，因为他们的父母在城市工作，把他们留在农村由他们的祖父母照顾。always总是；hardly ever几乎不；often经常。根据“他们的父母在城市里工作”可推知，他们几乎见不到他们的父母。故选B。24. (2019山东临沂)Around the world, 300 million tons of plastic_ each year, of which about 10 percent ends up in the sea.A. is c

12、reated B. was created C. creates24. A考查动词的语态。句意：全球每年制造出3亿吨塑料，其中约10%最终流入大海。根据句意和句式结构可知主语300 million tons of plastic和谓语动词create之间是被动关系，由时间状语each year可知用一般现在时的被动语态。故选C。25. (2019山东临沂) Roy works in London. It_ him about half an hour to get to work by bus every day.A costs B. spends C. takes25. C 考查动词辨析。句

13、意：罗伊在伦敦工作。他每天乘公共汽车去上班大约需要半个小时。此处是句类型：It takes time to do sth. 的搭配。故选C。26. (2019山东临沂)Cathy sold some of her things in a yard sale and_ the money to a childrens home.A. gave away B. gave up c. gave out26. A考查动词短语辨析。句意：凯茜在一次庭院拍卖会上卖掉了她的一些东西，把钱捐给了一个儿童之家。give away捐赠；give up放弃；give out分发。根据句意“卖掉东西”和“儿童之家”可

14、知是“捐赠”。故选A。27. (2019山东临沂)Melting ice (融冰) can cause sea levels to rise. Since 1993, sea levels _at a speed of 32 cm every 10 years.A. rose B. have risen C. rise27. B 考查动词时态。句意：融化的冰会导致海平面上升。自1993年以来，海平面每10年以32厘米的速度上升。根据时间状语since 1993可知谓语动词用一般现在时。28. (2019山东临沂)A break between classes is a good time fo

15、r students to play sports and talk with their classmates. So it_ helps with students health, _improves their social skills.A. either; or B. neither; nor C. not only; but also28. C 考查连词辨析。句意：课间休息是学生们做运动和与同学交谈的好时间。因此，它不仅有助于学生的健康，而且提高他们的社交技能。eitheror “或者或者”；neithernor “既不也不”；not onlybut also “不但而且”。根据句

16、意“有助于学生的健康”和“提高他们的社交技能”可知表示“不但而且”，故选C。29. (2019山东临沂) Peppa Pig (小猪佩奇) is a British cartoon _has been popular in China and is much loved by little children and their parents.A. who B. which C./29. B 考查定语从句。句意：小猪佩奇是一部英国卡通片，在中国很受欢迎，深受小孩子和他们的父母的喜爱。根据句意和句式结构可知本句为定语从句，定语从句的先行词为cartoon，指物，用which或that，在定语从句

17、中作主语，故不能省略。30. (2019山东临沂)Are babies carefree (无忧无虑)? A new study from the US says that 2-year-old babies care about_. A. how others saw them B. how do others see them C. how others see them 30. C考查宾语从句。 句意：婴儿无忧无虑吗? 美国的一项新研究表明，两岁的婴儿很在意别人怎么看他们。根据句子结构可知是宾语从句，用陈述语序，结合句意可知宾语从句用一般现在时。故选C。三、阅读理解。(共25小题，计25

18、分)A (2019山东临沂) Do you often listen to music at loud volumes (音量)? You should know that this habit is bad for your hearing. Over 1 billion young people are at risk of hearing loss (听力丧失) ,because oflistening to loud noise for long periods of time. Listening to music or watching a TV show at loudvolum

19、es can harm your hearing. The United Nations has standards for safe listening. It is not safe to listen to sounds that are louder than 85 dB (分贝) for eight hours or 100 dB for 15 minutes. The sound of a busy road is about 85 dB and the sound of a rock concert can be about 100 dB. Loud noise is harmf

20、ul to the inner二Most of us are bon with about 16,000 hair cells (听毛细胞) in our inner ears. These cells notice sounds. However, listening to loud noise for a long time can make these cells work too hard and cause some of them to die. This is what causes hearing loss. Once this happens, its hard to get

21、 your hearing back. Some people might think that their music isnt all that loud. But this can depend on where you are. For example, if you are in a noisy place like the subway, you might turn up your music too loud without realizing it. Later, when you listen to it at the same volume in a quiet plac

22、e, you alight feel uncomfortable The safe level for most sound is below 80 dB for up to 40 hours a week. A level of 80 dB isabout equal to (相当于) the noise of a subway. Here is some advice on safe listening. Over-the-ear headphones (头戴式耳机) are better than in-ear ones. They do a better job of stopping

23、 outside noise, so you can listen at a lower volume. Dont listen to loud music on your headphones for a long time. Follow the 60:60 rule: listen to music at 60 percent of your headphones maximum volume for no more than 60 minutes a day. 根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误。正确的用“A”表示，不正确的用“B”表示。31. It is safe to listen t

24、o sounds that are louder than 100 dB for 15 minutes32. Listening to loud noise for a long time can cause some hair cells in the inner ear to die.33. From the fourth paragraph, we know people dont always realize how loud their music is.34. In-ear headphones are better than over-the-eat ones because t

25、hey can stop more outside noise.35. This article mainly tells us why ears are an important part of our bodies.题材说明文话题科普知识词数344【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文，本文介绍了超过85分贝的声音，对人听力的损害并提出安全倾听的建议。31. B 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句It is not safe to listen to sounds that are louder than 85 dB for eight hours or 100 dB for 15 minutes.可知，

26、听85分贝以上的声音8小时或100分贝以上的声音15分钟是不安全的。故表述与原文不相符。32. A细节理解题。根据第三段第四句 However, listening to loud noise for a long time can make these cells work too hard, and cause some of them to die.可知，然而，长时间听太大的噪音会使这些细胞工作过度，导致一些细胞死亡。故表述与原文相符。33. A细节理解题。根据第四段第四句For example, if you are in a noisy place like the subway,

27、you might turn up your music too loud without realizing it.可知，例如，如果你在像地铁这样嘈杂的地方，你可能会把音乐开得太大而没有意识到。故表述与原文表述相符。34. B 细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句Over-the- ear headphones are better than in-ear ones. 可知，戴在耳朵外面的耳机比戴在耳朵里的好。故本句表述与原文不符。35. B 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了高音对人们听力损害以及给人们的一些建议。故表述与原文不符。B (2019山东临沂) Do you want to improve

28、your physics and chemistry grades? Well, maybe you should first learn something about the struggles (奋斗) of great scientists. The American Psychological Association did an interesting study. More than 400 students from schools in New York City took part in it. The students were divided into three gr

29、oups. Group 1 read a typical textbook that describes the achievements of great scientists. Group 2 read about those scientists personal struggles. For example, as a Jew, Einstein (爱因斯坦) ran away from Nazi Germany to avoid persecution (迫害). The last group read about the scientists intellectual strugg

30、les, such as Marie Curies failed scientific tests. These stories about struggles also told students how the scientists dealt with these obstacles障碍) . The students took a science exam before the study. After the six-week study, they took another. Scientists found those in Groups 2 and 3 improved the

31、ir science grades. Students in Group 1 didnt see a grade increase. Some of them even had lower grades after the study. The study was led by Xiaodong Lin-Siegler, a teacher at Columbia University. According to Xiaodong, kids often think Einstein was truly intelligent. They believe they will never mat

32、ch him.Many of them fail to realize that any success requires a long journey. Along the way, there are many failures失败) . Students who read the struggle stories more probably said that great scientists were like themselves. The great minds also had to overcome obstacles to achieve success. Xiaodong

33、says todays science textbooks fail to bring science to life. As a result, students seldom regard science as part of their everyday lives. Instead, they just see a long list of facts that they have to remember. Xiaodong thinks textbooks should include more stories about how great scientists had to st

34、ruggle to succeed. And students should focus more on how these scientists dealt with the obstacles they met along the way. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。36. According to the article, students can improve their physics and chemistry grades by _. A. reading the achievements of great scientists more carefully B. liste

35、ning more carefully to their physics and chemistry teachersC. learning about how great scientists dealt with their obstacles37. All of the students who took part in the study _. A. were interested in physics and chemistry B. went to school in New York City C. wanted to improve their physics and chem

36、istry grades38. Andy Hunt was one of the students who took part in the study. According to his report card, he was probably a member of _.Andy HuntClass 2, Grade 9Physics2018.4-9 862018-5-22 79 A. Group 1 B. Group 2 C. Group 339. In Paragraph Four, the word match means _ in Chinese. A. 满足B. 比得上C.配对4

37、0. Xiaodong Lin-Siegler thinks science textbooks should _. A. tell students directly that Einstein was born a common man B. make the long lists of facts that students have to remember more interesting C. include more stories about how great scientists had to struggle to succeed题材说明文话题数字与数据词数321【主旨大意

38、】本文是一篇说明文，本文通过美国的一项科学研究发现，提高物理和化学成绩，应该多了解一些科学家为科学研究客服一些障碍的故事。36. C 主旨大意题。本文通过美国的一项科学研究发现，提高物理和化学成绩，应该多了解一些科学家为科学研究客服一些障碍的故事。故选C。37.B 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句More than 400 students from schools in New York City took part in it. 可知，来自纽约市的400多名学生参加了这次活动。从而可判断出，这些学生都是来自纽约的学生，故选项B符合题意。38. A 细节理解题。分析题意可知，Andy Hunt的

39、成绩在下降，又根据第三段最后两句Students in Group 1 didnt see a grade increase. Some of them even had lower grades after the study. 可知，第一组的学生没有看到成绩的提高。他们中的一些人甚至在实验后的分数更低。故选A。39.B词义猜测题。根据上文“孩子们常常认为爱因斯坦真的很聪明”，从而可推知，他们（孩子们）相信他们永远也比不上他。故选B。40. C细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数最后两句 Xiaodong thinks textbooks should include more stories ab

40、out how great scientists had to struggle to succeed.可知，晓东认为教科书应该包括更多关于伟大的科学家如何奋斗才能成功的故事。故选C。C(2019山东临沂) 根据短文内容. 从方框中选出恰当的单词或短语填空，使语意通顺完整。第一个方框供41-45小题选用，第二个方框供46-50小题选用。每个选项只能便用一次，每框有一项剩余。A. come true B. everything C. as soon as D. richest E. finger F. nothing Many years ago, there was a Greek king

41、named Midas. King Midas loved gold very much. He had more gold than any other king in the world , but he still wanted more. One day, a beautiful fairy (仙子) came to his palace. Midas, you are the 41 man in the world, said the fairy. Yes, said the king, but I want more gold because gold is the most wo

42、nderful thing in the world! Your wish will 42 , said the fairy. From tomorrow morning, you can turn everything you touch into gold. King Midas got up very early the next morning. He wanted to see if his wish had really come true. He touched his bed with his 43 and the bed was turned into gold. The k

43、ing was wild with joy. He ran around his palace and touched everything he saw. Everything was turned into gold! The king felt hungry after running around for a long time. He decided to have his breakfast. However, 44 he touched a bowl of milk, the bowl, together with the milk in it, was turned into

44、gold. Whats more, the bread and the meat were also turned into gold when he touched them. In the end, the poor king ate 45 .A. wonderful B. terrible C. with D. daughters E. right away F. rushed King Midas was sitting hungrily at the dinner table when his little daughter ran to him. He hugged her and

45、 the little girl became a gold statue (雕塑) 46 . The king felt afraid. Fairy, he shouted, take away this 47 gift! Give me back my little girl! In a moment, the fairy was standing before him. Do you still think that gold is the greatest thing in the world? asked the fairy No, no! cried the king. I hav

46、e learned my lesson! Very well, said the fairy. There is a spring（泉）in the garden. Sprinkle (洒) things that you have touched 48 the water from the spring.The king 49 to the spring. He ran back with a bottle of water and sprinkled the water on his 50 head. Soon, the little girl came to life. He then

47、sprinkled his breakfast. To his great joy, it turned back to real bread and meat! HYPERLINK /GZYY-SYS201501100602007089258025.html /GZYY-SYS201501100602007089258025.html答案：41._ 42. _ 43. _ 44. _ 45. _ 46. _ 47. _ 48. _49. _ 50. _题材记叙文话题寓言故事词数368【主旨大意】本文叙述了希腊一位贪婪的国王喜欢金子，要求仙女多给他金子，仙女决定惩罚他，让他的手指接触的任何东西

48、或人都变成金子，这让国王后悔不已。故事告诉我们：做人不要太贪心,贪心不足蛇吞象，上帝给人带来的不仅仅是福祉。41.D 根据上文He had more gold than any other king in the world可知，他是世界上最富有的人。修饰man用形容词，故选D。42.A 句意：你的愿望会实现的。根据句意并结合主语your wish可知选A。43.E根据with和his可知， 此处填名词，结合句意“他用手指摸了摸床，床就变成了金子。”可知选E。 44. C 分析句子结构可知此处填连词，结合上下文语义可知，然而，他一摸到一碗牛奶，碗里的牛奶就变成了金子。45. F 结合上文he

49、touched a bowl of milk, the bowl, together with the milk in it, was turned into gold.可知，他什么也没有吃。46.E 根据句式结构可知此处填时间状语，结合上下文可知，他拥抱了她，小女孩变成了一座雕塑。47. B 依据句子结构可知填限定词，结合上文语境可知，拿走这个可怕的礼物!把我的小女儿还给我!48. C根据上下文语境并结合句子结构可知，你要把你从泉里所沾的水洒在其上。49. F根据上下文语境并结合句子结构可知，国王冲到泉水边。50. D 根据上下文可知此处指“他女儿的头”。D(2019山东临沂) We hav

50、e found plastic in the ocean and in animals like birds, fish and whales. But for the first time, scientists have found plastic in human poop (大便) , USA Today reported. The findings came from a study led by scientists from Environment Agency Austria. 51 The volunteers wrote down what they ate for a w

51、eek and then provided a stool sample (大便样本) for testing. 52 About 20 small plastic particles (IM) were found in every 10 grams (克) of stool. The smallest plastic particles can enter the blood, the lymphatic system, and may even reach the liver (肝脏), said Philipp Schwabl, who took part in the researc

52、h. 53 Theyre not sure how the plastic got in the volunteers bodies, either. But most of the volunteers said they drank from plastic bottles and also ate seafood that could include plastic from ocean pollution. In fact, plastic is everywhere around us. Every year, lots of plastic waste goes into the

53、ocean. _54 Most of the particles stay in the ocean. Others can spread into the soil. and air. Could plastic in the air fall onto food and get into the human body? Some past studies may also give us a clue. 55 And even some drinking water has been found to have tiny plastic particles in it.根据短文内容从方框中

54、选出五个句子填入文中空缺处使短文内容通顺完整。A. There, sunlight and waves (海浪) break the plastic waste down to very small pieces. B. The scientists are sure that the plastic must be harmful to humans. C. According to USA Today, 90% of sea salt which is sold in the world includes plastic. D. The scientists followed eight

55、healthy volunteers from different parts of the world. E. However, the scientists arent sure if the plastic is harmful to humans. F. Scientists found nine different kinds of plastic in the stool samples, according to the study.答案：51._ 52. _ 53. _ 54. _ 55. _题材说明文话题环境保护（塑料污染）词数220【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文，通过研究发现

56、，在人类大便中存在塑料颗粒，伤害了人类的身体健康。51.D根据下文The volunteers wrote down what they ate for a week and then provided a stool sample for testing.可知，志愿者们写下他们吃了一个星期，然后提供粪便样本进行测试。从而可推知与志愿者有关的内容，故选D。52. F 根据下文About 20 small plastic particles (IM) were found in every 10 grams (克) of stool.可知此处介绍的是：科学家们在粪便样本中发现了不同的塑料。故选F

57、。53. E 根据下文Theyre not sure how the plastic got in the volunteers bodies, either.可知，然而，科学家们并不确定这种塑料是否对人类有害。故选E。54. A根据上文 Every year, lots of plastic waste goes into the ocean.和下文Most of the particles stay in the ocean.可知，在这里，阳光和海浪把塑料垃圾分解成很小的碎片。故选A。55. C 根据And even some drinking water has been found t

58、o have tiny plastic particles in it.可知，据今日美国报道，世界上销售的90%的海盐都含有塑料。故选C。2019年临沂市初中学业水平考试试题英 语第II卷 (非选择题共45分) 四、(2019山东临沂)听写 (共5小题，计5分) 听对话，根据对话内容完成下列句子，每空词数不限。对话读三遍。听对话前，你们有20秒钟的时间阅读下列句子。56. When is Dave going to a concert?He is going on _ afternoon.57. What time does the concert finish? It finishes at

59、 _.58. How will Dave and Alice go to the concert?They will get there _.59. How much is a concert ticket?It is only _dollars.60. What does Dave ask Alice to bring to the concert?He asks Alice to bring a _ to the concert.五、词形转换 (共8小题，计8分) 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，每空格限填一词。61. (2019山东临沂) I felt _ lying in the su

60、n on the beach. (relax)61. relaxed 句意：躺在沙滩上晒太阳，我感到很放松。连系动词feel后跟形容词作表语，主语为人，故填relaxed。62. (2019山东临沂) The little boy said, I am old enough to take good care of _(my)62. myself 句意：小男孩说:“我已经长大了，可以好好地照顾自己了。”take care of oneself意为“照顾自己”。63. (2019山东临沂) Our team lost the game because we played very _ (bad)