高考英语阅读理解训练二

1、高考英语阅读理解训练二Passage 1Anyone who cares about what schools and colleges teach and how their students learn will be interested in the memoir （回忆录） of Ralph W. Tyler, who is one of the most famous men in American education.Born in Chicago in 1902, brought up and schooled in Nebraska, the 19-year-old coll

2、ege graduate Ralph Tyler became hooked on teaching while teaching as a science teacher in South Dakota and changed his major from medicine to education.Graduate work at the University of Chicago found him connected with honorable educators Charles Judd and W. W. Charters, whose ideas of teaching and

3、 testing had an effect on his later work. In 1927, he became a teacher of Ohio State University where he further developed a new method of testing.Tyler became well-known nationally in 1938, when he carried his work with the Eight-Year Study from Ohio State University to the University of Chicago at

4、 the invitation of Robert Hutchins.Tyler was the first director of the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences at Stanford, a position he held for fourteen years. There, he firmly believed that researchers should be free to seek an independe n独立的）spirit in their work.Although Tyler offi

5、cially retired in 1967, he never actually retired. He served on a long list of educational organizations in the United States and abroad. Even in his 80s he traveled across the country to advise teachers and management people on how to set objectives （目标） that develop the best teaching and learning

6、within their schools. 1. Who are most probably interested in Ralph W. Tylers memoir?A. Top managers.B. Language learners.C. Serious educators.D. Science organizations.The words “ hooked on teaching ” underlined in paragraph 2 probably mean A. attracted to teachingB. tired of teachingC. satisfied wit

7、h teaching D. unhappy about teachingWhere did Tyler work as the leader of a research center for over 10 years?A. The University of Chicago. B. Stanford University.C. Ohio State University. D. Nebraska University.Tyler is said to have never actually retired because .A. he developed a new method of te

8、sting B. he called for free spirit in researchC. he was still active in giving advice D. he still led the Eight-Year StudyPassage 2Money with no strings attached. Its not something you see every day. But at Union Station in Los Angeles last month, a board went up with dollar bills attached to it wit

9、hpins and a sign that read,Give What You Can, Take What You Need.People quickly caught on. And while many took dollars, many others pinned theirown cash to the board.People of all ages, races； andrsoci池（社会经济的）backgrounds gave and took,” said TyBlerirdges of The Toolbox, which created the project. “

10、We even had a bride in her wedding dress come up to the board and take a few dollars. ” Most of the bills on the board were singles, but a few people left fives, tens and even twenties. The video clip （片段）shows one man who had found a $20 bill pinning it to the board“What I can say for the folks tha

11、t gave the most, is that they were full of smiles, Bridges said. “ Theres a certain feeling that giving can do for you and that was apparent in those that gave the most. ” Most people who took dollars took only a few, but Bridges said a very small number took as much as they cou ldWhile the clip mig

12、ht look like part of a new ad campaign, Bridges said the only goal was to show generosity and sympathy. He added that he hopes people in othercities might try similar projects and post their own videos on the Interne t“ After all, everyone has bad days and good days,” he said. “ Some days youa helpi

13、ng hand and some days you can be the one giving the helping hand.”What does the expression “money with no strings attached ” in？ paragraph 1 meanMoney spent without hesitation Money not legally madeMoney offered without conditionsMoney not tied togetherWhat did Bridges want to show by mentioning the

14、 bride？Women tended to be more sociabl eThe activity attracted various peopleEconomic problems were getting worseYoung couples needed financial assistanc eWhy did Bridges carry out the project？To do a test on people s moralsTo raise money for his companyTo earn himself a good reputationTo promote ki

15、ndness and sympathyPassage 3Ireland has had a very difficult history. The problems started in the 16th century when English rulers tried to conquer （征服） Ireland. For hundreds of years, the Irish people fought against theEnglish. Finally, in 1921, the British government was forced to give independenc

16、e to the south ofIreland. The result is that today there are two“ Irelands ” . Northern Ireland, in the north, is part ofthe United Kingdom. The Republic of Ireland, in the south, is an independent country.In the 1840s the main crop, potatoes, was affected by disease and about 750,000 people diedof

17、hunger. This, and a shortage （短缺） of work, forced many people to leave Ireland and live inthe USA, the UK, Australia and Canada. As a result of these problems, the population fell from 8.2million in 1841 to 6.6 million in 1851.For many years, the majority of Irish people earned their living as farme

18、rs. Today, many people still work on the land but more and more people are moving to the cities to work in factories and offices. Life in the cities is very different from life in the countryside, where things move at a quieter and slower pace.The Irish are famous for being warm-hearted and friendly

19、, Oscar Wilde, a famous Irish writer, once said that the Irish were“ the greatest talkers since the Greeks” . Since independence, Irehas revived （复兴） its own culture of music, language, literature and singing. Different areas have different styles of old Irish songs which are sung without instrument

20、s. Other kinds of Irish music use many different instruments such as the violin, whistles, etc.What does the author tell us in Paragraph 1?How the Irish fought against the English.How Ireland gained independence.How English rulers tried to conquer Ireland.How two “ Irelands ” came into being.We lear

21、n from the text that in Ireland .food shortages in the 1840s led to a decline in populationpeople are moving to the cities for lack of work in the countrysideit is harder to make a living as a farmer than as a factory workerdifferent kinds of old Irish songs are all sung with instrumentsThe last par

22、agraph is mainly about B. Irish cultureD. a famous Irish writerB. A Very Difficult HistoryD. The Independence of IrelandA. the Irish characterC. Irish musical instrumentsWhat can be the best title for the text?A. Life in IrelandC. Ireland, Past and PresentPassage 4If you walk slowly through downtown

23、 Helsinki （赫尔辛基） during the day, taking in the splendid 19th century buildings, white boats and noise of passing trams （有轨电车） , you will start to understand why it is called a city of two colors: white and blue.The sea is always present in Helsinki. When you take a walk over the great open space of

24、the central square, you will hear seabirds screaming. When you take the tram, suddenly and unexpectedly, you are faced with a calm, shining blue sea. You may notice that people in Helsinki do not rush about as in other cities. Instead, they walk along the roads, politely letting other people by.A us

25、ual way to see Helsinki for the first time is to start out by the boats. You will walk by the elderly women selling fish and vegetables in the market square and find yourself in front of a beautiful park. You may enjoy a pleasant walk in the park for a few hours and then take the tram. Trams are the

26、 perfect way to get around in Helsinki. Watching the old houses, parks, theatres, churches, shops, restaurants and people in the streets, you may have a slightly sad film feeling to it.The pale summer nights are another wonder in the city. Following the waterfront （滨水区） of the city after sunset, you

27、 couldnt help stopping and listening to the sweet silence, interrupted only by the screaming seabirds and leaving fishing boats.However, in some way, Helsinki is also the most modern city in northern Europe. You will surely want to visit the white Glass Palace, the modern art museum, and all those e

28、xtremely popular cafes and design stores.Helsinki is called a city of two colors mainly because of the colors of its .19th century buildings, boats and parks19th century buildings, boats and seabirdsold houses, parks and tramsold buildings, boats and the sea TOC o 1-5 h z The best way to see most of

29、 Helsinki is to go .A. by boatB. by busC. by tramD. on footThe 19th century buildings, the white Glass Palace, popular cafes and design shops in Helsinki all show that Helsinki is .A. both splendid andtraditionalB.both quiet and noisyC. both historical andmodernD.both old and newThis passage is most

30、 likely to be found in .A. a story bookB.a geography textbookC. a research reportD.a travel magazinePassage 5A NATIONWIDE BESTSELLERIts likely that everything you learned about Americas ancient history is wrong.The new book, 1491, completely changes our understanding of the Americas before the arriv

31、al of Columbus in 1492.DID YOU KNOW?When Columbus landed there were probably more people in the Americas than there were in Europe.The peoples of North America had such healthy life-styles that as late as the 19th century they continued to be the tallest people on earth.Facts have shown that the Ame

32、ricas were populated as long as 33,000 years ago. 4,000 years ago Mesoamerican farmers developed corn in a feat （技艺） of genetic engineering that still isnt completely understood.COMMENTS ON 1491“ In the tradition of Jared Diamond John McPhee, a totally new view of pie-Columbian America. ” Richard Rh

33、odes“ Attractively written and really absorbing. Charles C. Mann has produced a book thats part detective story, part epic （ 史诗） and part tragedy（ 悲剧） . He has taken on a vast topic: thousands of years, two huge continents, and cultures.” Charles Matthews, San Jose Mercury News“ Powerful and challen

34、ging. ” Alan Taylor, Washington Post“ A pleasure to read as well as a wonderful education.” Howard ZinnOn the whole, 1491 is a book mainly about Americas .A. life-styles B. population C. history D. agricultureWhich of the following is NOT TRUE about the comments on the book 1491?A. It is interesting

35、 and instructive.B. It is attractive and culture-related.C. It is challenging and revolutionary.D. It is humorous and persuasive.From this passage, we can learn .people settled in the Americas a little earlier than 1492North Americans were the tallest in the 18th century in the worldMesoamerican far

36、mers knew genetic engineering 5,000 years agothe population in the Americas was smaller than that in Europe in 1492Passage 1C 细节理解题。由文章第一句 “ Anyone who cares about what schools and colleges teach and how their students learn will be interested in. 可知，有可能对R” alph W. Tyler 的回忆录感兴趣的人是 “那些关注学校和大学教什么以及他们

37、的学生如何学习的人” ， 说得简单一些， 就是和教育有关的人士。比较四个选项，可知 C 选项的内容与原文最为吻合，因此C 选项为正确答案。A 词义猜测题。由原句 “ became hooked on teaching 可知，该词组与教学联系在了一 ”起，再从 Ralph W. Tyler 后来专门从事教育研究可知，此处的意思应该是 “专门研究、从事”之类的意思。比较四个选项，可以发现A 选项的内容放在原文当中最为合适，因此A 选项是正确答案。B 细节理解题。由文章倒数第二段第一句 “ Tyler was the first director of the Center for Advanced

38、 Study in the Behavioral Sciences at Stanford, a position he held for fourteen years. 可 知，他在斯坦福大学的行为科学高级研究中心担任了第一任主任，而且担任了 14 年。结合 四个选项可知， B 选项为正确答案。C 推理判断题。由文章最后一段可知，尽管Tyler 于 1967 年从工作岗位上退休，但那以后，他一直活跃在教学研究领域，在多家美国和国外教育机构任职，并且在80 多岁的时候还飞到各地讲学和提供建议。比较四个选项可知， C 选项为正确答案。Passage 2C 词句猜测题根据第一段划线部分后面内容 I

39、ts not something you see every day.But at Union Station in Los Angeles last month, a board went up with dollar bills attached to it with pins and a sign that read, Give What You Can, Take What YOU Needb 你每天都能看到的东西 但是上个月在洛杉矶的联合车站， 一块木板上贴着一张美元钞票， 上面有别针和 一块牌子，上面写着： “付出你所能，得到你所需要的。 ”由此可见， money with no

40、strings attached 没有条件地给你钱，故选 C B 推理判断题.根据文章第二段People of all ages, races, and socio - economic （社会经济的） backgrounds gave and took, said Tyler Bridges of The Toolbox, which created the project. We even had a bride in her wedding dress come up to the board and take a few dollars 可知 所有年龄、种族和社会经济（社会经济）背景的

41、人都有过交换，创建这个项目的工具箱的泰勒 ? 布里奇斯说， “我们甚至让一位穿着婚纱的新娘到董事会面前， 拿了几美元。 ” 由此可 见，这项活动吸引了许多人。故选 B D 推理判断题根据文章倒数第二段While the clip might look like part of a new adcampaign, Bridges said the only goal was to show generosity and sympathy 可知尽管这段视频 看起来像是新广告宣传活动的一部分， 布里奇斯说， 唯一的目标是表现出慷慨和同情 由此 可见， Bridges 实施的工程是为了增进人们的友好和

42、同情。故选 D Passage 3可知，答案eancB。其D 主旨大意题。由 “ The result is that today there are two结果就是现在有两个爱尔兰他选项都是第一段中介绍的事实，目的就是为了说明A 细节理解题。由 “ In the 1840s the main crop, potatoes, was affected by disease and about 750,000 people died of hunger. 可知，选项 ” A 正确，即 “由于 19世纪 40年代的食物短缺，爱 尔兰的人口大幅减少” 。其他选项均与文中内容不符。B 主旨大意题。从

43、Since independence, Ireland has revived （复兴）its own culture ofmusic, language, literature and singing. 可以判断，这段介绍的主要是爱尔兰的传统文化有所 ” 复兴，故选 B 。C 主旨大意题。 通过阅读全篇， 我们不难发现， 文章的前三段主要介绍的都是爱尔兰的过去， 最后一段中，作者用了现在时态， 介绍的是爱尔兰现在的一些特点。因此最恰当的题目应该是C 。Passage 4D 推理判断题。 答案在第一和第二段。 作者在第一段说 “慢慢地走过市中心赫尔辛基，你会注意到辉煌的19 世纪建筑，白色的船以及有轨电车发出的声音，这时候你就