物流英语90771995

1、2.1 Introduction to Supply Chain Management 090507206黄海霞12.1.1 Definition of Supply Chain Management2.1.2 Differences between Logistics and Supply Chain Management2.1.3 Supply Chain Management Process2.1.4 Importance of an Effective Supply Chain Management2.1.5 Supply Chain Management Eras2背景介绍课文概况要

2、点详解3供应链管理思想产生的背景 全球经济一体化已经成为新世纪国际经济发展的一个主要趋势，这给企业带来了难得的机遇，同时也带来了严峻的挑战，因为企业要面对不断急剧变化的市场需求及缩短交货期、提高质量、降低成本和改进服务的压力。企业经营环境的变化，使得原来分散的各个企业逐渐意识到，要在激烈的市场竞争中生存下来，就必须与其他企业建立一种战略伙伴关系，实现优势互补，发挥各企业的核心能力，并在跨企业的集成管理模式下，使各个企业能够统一协调起来，从而适应新的环境变化。供应链管理思想就是在这样的背景下产生的。4可以认为：20世纪70年代和80年代是“市场的20年”，90年代是“物流的10年”，21世纪的前

3、10年，是“供应链管理的10年”。从有关文献资料看，HP（惠普）、DEC（美国数字设备公司）、P&G（宝洁）、IBM（国际商业机器公司）、DELL（戴尔）等公司在供应链管理实践中获得了成功，并借助供应链管理提高了国际竞争能力。供应链管理实践证明，通过建立和完善供应链管理体系能够打幅度提高生产率。返回52.1.1 Definition of Supply Chain Management1.Definition of supply chain management （供应链管理的定义）2.Three goals of supply chain management（供应链管理的3个目标）3. C

4、omposition of the supply chain （供应链的组成）6Manufacturer 制造商Wholesaler 批发商Retailer 零售商Consumer 消费者Supplier 供应商What is Supply Chain Management?Supply chain management is the control of the supply chain as a process from supplier to manufacturer to wholesaler to retailer to consumer.返回7Three main goals of

5、 SCM:Inventory(库存)Reduce8NO.2 To increase the speed of transactions with real-time data exchange.通过实时数据交换加速交易过程9NO.3 To increase revenue by satisfying customer demands more efficiently.通过更有效地满足顾客的需求来增加收入返回10Suppliers supplierSupplierCore enterpriseResellerCustomerUpstreamDownstreamThe structure of a

6、 supply chain返回11长难句解析：Supply chain management does not involve only the movement of a physical product (such as a microchip) through the chain but also any data that goes along with the product (such as order status information，payment schedules，and ownership titles) and the actual entities that ha

7、ndle the product from stage to stage of the supply chain.参考译文：供应链管理不仅包括通过该链的产品的物理移动（如芯片），而且包括因实体流动而产生的各种数据（如订单状态信息，支付时间，所有权）和处理供应链各个阶段产品的实际主体。重点单词：microchip makrtp n.芯片 order status information 订单状态信息 ownership titles 所有权 entity entiti n. 实体12Component and subassembly suppliers are upstream from the

8、 manufacturer. Further up the chain are suppliers suppliers, who provide raw materials.重点单词：component kmpunnt n.部分；元件 subassembly sbsembli n.部件，组件 raw materials 原材料参考译文：元件以及部件供应商制造商的上游。追溯供应链的上游是供应商的供应商，由他们提供原材料。 13Thus, the supply chain encompasses the flow and transformation of goods, services and

9、information from the raw materials stage to the consumers. 重点单词：encompass enkmps vt. 1. 围绕;包围 2. 包含，包括，涉及参考译文：供应链包括从原材料阶段到消费者各个阶段的产品流，服务流和信息流。返回14背景介绍课文概况要点详解15资料来源：US department of commerce（美国商务部）供应链管理物流理论图中分析了1998年美国物流行业成本的构成。可见，物流成本已经在企业成本中占了非常大的比重，有效地控制物流成本将给企业带来非常大的回报。16在供应链管理中，物流实际上是对供应链中的产品（包

10、括动态运输中的产品、静态库存中的产品、生产线上的产品、概念设计阶段的产品，以及废旧产品），对整个渠道的产品和信息实行增值流动管理，以便获得最大的运营效率和效益。在物流体系中，设施地点、库存和交通运输是有效控制物流的三个主要因素，它们构成了供应链的渠道，也是供应链管理的三个主要着眼点。通过供应链体系资源的集成，将静态的设施地点和库存、动态的交通运输变成供应链体系的价值增值资源。返回172.1.2 Differences between Logistics and Supply Chain Management1.Definition of logistics （物流的定义）2. Understa

11、nding of logistics （对物流的理解）3.Logistics activities （物流活动）4.The significance of logistics （物流的意义）18A widely adopted textbook defines logistics management as follows:“the process of planning, implementing and controlling the efficient, effective flow and storage of goods, services, and related informat

12、ion from point of origin to point of consumption for the purpose of conforming to customer requirements”.物流管理就是为了满足顾客的需求，对物流、服务流及相关信息流从原产地到消费地进行的计划、组织与控制的过程 。1.Definition of logistics 19A new definition：Logistics is an optimization process of the location, movement and storage of resources from the

13、point of origin, through various economic activities, to the final consumer.参考译文：物流是通过各种经济活动对资源从原产地到最终消费者的选位、移动和储存进行优化的过程。返回201、Process2.Understanding of logisticsLogistics is a process concerned with various activities within an organization from the overall thinking to each individual operational

14、task.物流是一个从全局思考到每个业务操作任务的不同活动的过程。Logistics is a process that covers every element that associates with the product from the origin of resources to the final stage of consumption.物流是一个完成与产品有关（从资源原产地到最终消费环节）的每一个环节的过程。212.Resources:Logistics does not only concern materials. It interests in all resource

15、s needed for having the right product or service at the consumers disposal .Resources Capital Materials People Information Technology know-how物流关注的不仅包括材料，还包括消费者可支配产品或服务所需的全部资源。 返回223.Logistics activities Logistics should include two levels of planning and organizing activities.物流包括计划和组织活动的两个层面。 The

16、first level:When and where to get resources and products and where to send them.关于何时何地获得资源和产品，以及将它们派送何处.23A problem of movement and storageThe second level：How to get the resource and products form the origin to the final destination.如何将资源和产品从原产地的运送到最终目的地 。返回244.The significance of logistics Logisti

17、cs is a process of optimizing systematically the system which includes each activity so that the total benefit can be maximized and the best overall result can be achieved.物流是一个包括每项活动的系统优化的过程，以便能使总体利益最大化和实现最佳的整体效果。 返回25implement implimnt vt.实现，完成optimization ptimaizein n.最优化 optimize ptmaz vt.使最优化as

18、sociate with 与有关at ones disposal 可支配的know-how n.秘诀，诀窍systematically sstmtkl adv.有系统地New words and expressions26长难句解析：A supply chain is a network of facilities and distribution options that performs the functions of procurement of materials, transformation of these materials into intermediate and fin

19、ished products, and the distribution of these finished products to customers.参考译文：供应链是执行采购原材料，将它们转换为中间产品和成品，并且将成品销售到用户的功能网链。 重点单词：intermediate ntmidit adj. 中间的; 中级的27 This definition provides logistics with a comprehensive dimension and allow organizations to take full advantage of the philosophy, t

20、he way of thinking and the practice of logistics during the entire process of all logistics related activities to enhance the system efficiency in different areas.参考译文： 这一定义给物流提供了全面的解释，使组织在整个物流相关活动中充分利用物流理念，思维方式和物流实践以提高不同领域系统的效率。重点单词：comprehensive dimension 全面维度 take full advantage of 充分利用 philosoph

21、y filsfi n.哲学，理念28This means that logistics is not an isolated action, it is rather a series of continuous and interrelated activities in which principles of logistics thinking, planning, organization, management and operation apply.参考译文：这意味着物流不是一个孤立的行为，而是体现了物流思想、规划、组织、管理和运作原则的一系列连续的相互关联的活动。 重点单词：is

22、olated asletd adj.孤立的 interrelated ntrileitid adj.相互关联的29Optimization means to organize all relevant activities for the purpose of minimizing the total cost of providing the consumer with the value required. This implies the elimination or minimization of all unproductive activities and activities t

23、hat do not provide or provide less value added. 参考译文：最优化是指在保证提供顾客期望价值的情况下，以最小的成本组织所有相关活动。这就意味着应该消除或尽量减少所有非生产性活动以及不能或者仅能提供很少价值增值的活动。重点单词：minimize minimaiz vt.把减至最低值 minimization minimaizein n.最小限度 elimination lmnen n.排除，除去返回302.1.3 Supply Chain Management ProcessPlanTypically, SCM is comprised of fiv

24、e stages:DeliverDevelopMakeReturn31Value: It helps to address that how a given good or service can meet the needs of the customers.A significant portion: It should focus on planning a profitable supply chain.Portion 一部分Return32Value: This phase involves not only building a strong relationship with s

25、uppliers of the raw materials but also planning methods for shipping,delivery and payment.phase 阶段the raw materials 原材料delivery 交付Return33Value:ManufacturedTestedPackagedScheduled for deliveryReceive customer ordersPlan delivery of goodsAt the Logistics phaseReturn34Value: Customers may return defec

26、tive products and the company will also address customers questions.defective 有缺陷的35Bullwhip effect牛鞭效应What does it mean ?Food for thought(思考题): How to deal with it ?36时间真实需求+需求量需求放大形状预测放大过量订货库存增加需求扭曲牛鞭效应37This greater variation in demand that can be seen in the supply chain as one moves away from t

27、he end customer is known as the bullwhip effect.variation 变异译文：从最终客户向供应链上游流动的过程中，需求差异逐渐放大的现象称为牛鞭效应。This greater variation in demand that can be seen in the supply chain as one moves away from the end customer is known as the bullwhip effect.variation 变异Return38KanbanReturn392.1.4 Importance of an Ef

28、fective Supply Chain ManagementCase1Case2Case34041A virtual reality system worn around the hand and arm allows a physician to feel pressure sensations from computer images and make an informed diagnosis in real time halfway around the globe.sensations 感觉diagnosis 诊断译文：使用系在手或者胳膊上虚拟的现实系统，能让医生感到压力，从计算机图像上感觉，从而在地球另一半实时做出明智的诊断。 42Conclusion 1Better supply chain helps some service business ,including those requiring creativity,imagination and specialized knowledge.译文：高效的供应链能帮助一些服务行业，包括那些需要创造力，想象力和专业知识的。Return4344C