《外国文学》课件02 medieval literature

1、Chapter Two Medieval Literature IntroductionWhats your impression of the Medieval Time? the medieval time period 5C - 11C 12C - 14C 15C - middle of 17C In History: AD 476 - 15CIn Literature: AD 476 - early 14 C (the Divine Comedy) I Overview of the Medieval Literature Christianity and the Holy Bible

2、1）History of Christianity BC 1720 BC 1230 BC 13C BC 11C BC 5C BC 2C BC 63 AD 1C BC 4 - AD 33 Middle of AD 60 AD 2C、3C AD 313 AD 5C-9C 2）The Holy Bible (Based on a Catholic version)A. Old Testament 46 books a. Torah (teaching/law): the Five Books of Moses“摩西五经”Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deu

3、teronomy创世纪 出谷纪 肋未纪 户籍纪 申命纪 b. Neviim (prophets): Historical books 先知书e.g. Joshua, Judges, 1 Samuel, 2 Samuel, 1 Kings, 2 Kingsc. Ketuvim (writings): Wisdom books 诗歌智慧书e.g. Job, Psalms, Song of SongsB. New Testament 27 books a. Canonical gospels 福音书 4 books the Gospel of Matthew, the Gospel of Mark,

4、 the Gospel of Luke, the Gospel of Johnb. Acts of the Apostles 使徒行传c. Epistles 21 books 书信e.g. Epistle to the Ephesians, Epistle to the Philippiansd. Book of Revelation 启示书C. deuterocanonical books and passages 3）the spirit of Christianity A. Moses Vs Achilles B. SamsonC. Adam and Eve D. the Greek a

5、nd Hebraic tradition 2. Historical background and cultural features of the Medieval literature 1）binary opposition 2）the emergence of nationality 3）the positive and negative influence of Christianity 3. Types of writing 1）Religious Literature 2）epics and balladA. epic poemsBeowulf The Song of Roland

6、, The Poem of the Cid, Nibelungenlied, The Tale of Igors Campaign B. ballad The Geste of Robin Hood Stop and listen, everybody, This storys pretty good. Its all about a bold outlaw, His name was Robin Hood. Robin was a wise outlaw. While he walked on ground, So courteous an outlaw Was seldom ever fo

7、und. Robin stood in the greenwood And leaned against a tree, And by him stood Little John, A good yeoman was he. And also did good Scarlett, And Much, the millers son. Every inch of his body Was worthy of a man. 3）the chivalric literature A. troubadours lyric poetry B. chivalric romance e.g. Lancelo

8、t, the Knight of the Cart Tristan and Iseult 4）the urban literature Le Roman de Renart II Dante and Divine Comedy 1. life and works 1）his love toward Beatrice dolce stil novo (the sweet new style)La Vita Nuova (the New Life)我的恋人秋水般的眼里漾着爱情，熠亮的眼波把一切全化为纯真；她走过来了，每一个人都痴痴地望着她出神，听到她的声音更心跳怦怦，乱了方寸。一阵阵炙热的风烧烘你

9、的脸孔，诅咒自己的每一件恶行，傲慢、暴戾，在她面前消失了踪影！女士们，请和我把她同声歌颂。谁聆听她银铃似的爱语，心中自涌出万般甘美、温情，谁首先目睹她的容颜，真个叫人销魂。当她露出盈盈的微笑，无法用笔墨形容，又难以牢记心中，因为那是高贵的神奇！她是多么高雅，多么纯洁，我的姑娘，当她向人们施礼，每一个人都惶乱无神地垂下眼帘。嘴唇颤颤栗栗，羞赧地沉寂。她淡装素裹，翩然远去，带走了声声惊奇，啊，她恍若上界的一位天使，降临人间，把奇迹向我们显示。瞻仰她的丰姿，飘飘欲仙，甜蜜穿过眼睛，流淌进心底，幸福的水柱岂能在局外人的心湖升起。她的口唇里一个灵魂游动，温柔亲切，又充溢着爱意，它对我的心说：“渴求吧，你

10、！”那超凡的荣光进入天国唤起永恒天父为之惊叹，直到一种甜蜜的欲望带着绝伦之美进入心田，所以只许自己把她欣赏；看看这个萎靡邪恶的尘世怎值得惊动如此的美轮美奂。2）his political life 3) Dantes other worksA. De Vulgari Eloquentia (On Eloquence in the vernacular)B. Convivio (The Banquet) C. Monarchia D. Divine Comedy2. Divine Comedy 1）storyInfernoPurgatorioParadiso2）artistic characte

11、ristics A. Duality in Dante The close of the feudal Middle Ages, and the opening of the modern capitalist era are marked by a colossal figured an Italian, Dante, both the last poet of the Middle Ages and the first poet of modern times.Engels a. his attitude towards Christianity: religious theme & form VS criticism on churches and popesb. his attitude towards reason and wisdom: admirations for wise