人教版高中英语必修四一单元主谓一致讲解和练习

1、高中英语主谓一致问题含义：主谓一致是指在句子中主语和谓语动词在人称和数上保持一致。原则：语法一致，意义一致，就近原则，就远原则。1.一词多义（集体名词）例：Myfamilyisabigone.Myfamilyareallmusiclovers.【归纳】当集体名词表示整体概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。当集体名词强调全部成员时，谓语动词用复数形式。常见集体名词：group;army;class;committee;company;crowd;family;government;majority;organization;population;public;staff;team;enemy等。【拓展】

2、1.有些名词只能表示复数，如people;cattle;police2.无生命的集体名词作主语，谓语动词只能用单数，如clothing;furniture;baggage/luggage;equipment;machinery;jewellery;poetry;scenery等。【巩固练习】1.Allthefurniture_(move)toanotherroomsofar.2.Thepublicnow_(come)toknowthewholestory.3.Thepolice_(be)tryingtofindoutthemissinggirl.4.Muchequipment_(need)in

3、ourlab.5.Ourteam_(bepractice)hardforthegame.【keys】e3.are4.isneeded5.arepracticing2.不定代词例：Believeitornot,everyoneherehasagiftformusic.Eitherofthestoriesisinspiring.Nonehas/havebeenfound.【归纳】(1)each或者some-/any-/every-构成的复合不定代词作为主语，谓语动词用单数。（2）either/neitherof+名词复数/代词作为主语，谓语动词用单数。（3）none作为主语时，谓语动词既可以是单数

4、也可以是复数。但当none指代不可数名词时，谓语动词只能用单数。【拓展】each作为同位语是，谓语动词单复数由前面的主语决定。【巩固练习】1.Thestudentseach_(ask)nottorefertotheirnoteswhentheydeliveredaspeech.2.Neitherofthem_(be)insupportoftheplan.3.Listen,someone_(knock)thedoor.4.Anyonewho_(have)agoalissupposedtopursueit.5.Noneofthemoneyinthedrawer_(be)mine.6.Therear

5、etworoadsandeither_(lead)tothestation.【keys】1.wereasked2.is3.isknocking4.has5.is6.leads3.就近原则：or;either.or.;neither.nor;notonly.butalso.;not.but.;therebe句型例：EitheryouorIamwrong.【巩固练习】1.NeitherhenorI_fortheplan.2.Eitheryouorthepresident_(be)tohandouttheprizestothesegiftedwinnersatthemeeting.3.Neither

6、InorTom_(be)aPartymember.【keys】1.am2.is3.is4.就远原则：with;togetherwith;alongwith;like;inadditionto;aswellas;including;ratherthan;besides;except;but例：Steve,togetherwithhiswifeandchildren,ismovingofftonight.【巩固练习】1.Morethan200people,includingababy,_(kill)intheaircrash.2.MyfamilyaswellasI_(be)gladtoseeyou

7、.3.Myfather,togetherwithsomeofhisoldfriends,_(be)therealready.4.There_(be)alotofrubbishonthefloorsoIaskedMarytosweep_up.【keys】1.werekilled2.are3.hasbeen4.is;it5.语法一致（1）由and以及both.and.连接的两个名词或代词作为主语时，谓语动词用复数。（2）由each.and(each).;every.and(every).;no.andno.连接两个单数名词作为主语时，谓语动词用单数。例：Bothbrotherandsisterar

8、ecollegestudents.Eachteacherand(each)studentwasgivenaticket.【拓展】当and连接的主语在意义上指的是同一人、物、事、概念时，谓语动词用单数。例：AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.【巩固练习】1.Myneighbourandcolleague_(bewater)theflowers.2.Everyhourand(every)minute_(be)importantforus.3.-Didyougototheshowlastnight?-Yeah.Everygirlandboyinthearea_(be)

9、invited.4.ProfessorJameswillgiveusalesson,butwhenandwhere_(decide)yet.5.Aknifeandfork_(be)onthetable.【keys】1.iswatering2.is3.was4.hasntbeendecided5.is谓6.时间、金钱、距离、重量等复数名词，在表示单位数量作为主语时，语动词用单数。例：Twentyyearsisalongtimeinoneslife.【巩固练习】1.Twentydollars_(be)enoughforthispairofshoes.2.Twentymiles_(seem)tobe

10、alongwaytocover.【keys】1.is2.is7.取决于名词本身（1）all/most/half/plenty/enough/some/therest/alot/lots等+of（2）form/kind/part/piece/section/sort/type（3）分数、百分数例：Thespeechwasdullinthefirsttenminutes;buttherestofitwasinspiring.Halfofushavemanagedtoloseweightsincewejoinedtheclub.Somenewformsofartswerediscussedatthe

11、meeting.【巩固练习】1.Akindofroseinthegarden_(smell)verypleasant.2.Allkindsofdifficulties_(have)tobeovercome.3.Therestofthenovel_（be）veryinteresting.4.Alotofmoney_(waste)incarryingouttheplan.【keys】1.smells2.have3.is4.hasbeenwasted/waswasted8.manya/morethanone+单数名词，谓语动词用单数。例：Manyastudentwasonthespotwhenthe

12、accidenthappened.9.oneof+复数名词作为主语，谓语动词用单数。例：OneofmystudentsinmyclassisformJapan.【拓展】oneof+复数名词+定语从句，当语从句中谓语动词用复数。例：Heisoneofthestudentswhohavepassedtheexam.【巩固练习】1.Theboysittingbythewindowistheonlyoneofthestudentswho_(be)fromthecountrysideinourschool.Keys:are10.（1）anumberof+复数名词，谓语动词用复数，表示许多的.thenum

13、berof+复数名词，谓语动词用单数，表示.的数量（2）anamountof/aquantityof+名词，谓语动词用单数amountsof/quantitiesof+名词，谓语动词用复数（amount加不可数名词；quantity加可、不可数名词）例：Alargequantityofbookshasbeenboughtforthosepoorchildren.11.形复意单：以s结尾的书刊、组织、国家、学科名称作为主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：maths;physics;Swiss;theUnitedNations等例：TheUnitedNationsisaworldorganization.

14、12.单个动词不定式（短语）或者动名词（短语）作为主语时，谓语动词用单数。例：Staringatsomeoneforalongtimeisimpolite.13.the+adj表示一类人，作为主语时，谓语动词用复数。例：Theoldshouldbetakengoodcareof.【综合练习】I.单句填空1.Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks_(offer)totheareaasagiftlastyear.2.Whatweneed_(be)abalanceddiet.3.Largequantitiesofwater_(need)foragriculture.4.Manyp

15、eoplesay1,000dollars_(be)alotofmoney.5.Ihavefinishedalargepartofthebook,therestofwhich_(be)moredifficult.6.Whenandwherethistookplace_(be)stillunknown.7.Iknowthatall_(be)gettingonwellwithher.8.Morethanoneanswer_(give)tothequestion.9.Thestudentsinourschooleach_(have)anEnglishdictionary.10.Aprofessoran

16、dawriter_(be)presentatthemeetinglastweek.11.There_(be)aknifeandforkonthetable.12.Over80percentofthepopulation_(be)workers.13.Thewounded_(take)goodcareofherenow.14.Itwasreportedthatsixpersonsincludingaboy_(kill).15.Betweenthetwobuildings_(lie)amonument.16.Layingeggs_(be)theantqueensfull-timejob.17.Ma

17、nyastudent_(make)thatmistakebefore.18.Tomsteacherandfriend_(be)MrSmith.19.Allthatcanbeeaten_(eat)up.20.Someperson_(be)callingforyouatthegate.【keys】1.wasoffered2.is3.areneeded4.is5.is6.is7.are8.hasbeengiven/wasgiven9.have10.were11.is12.are13.aretaken14.werekilled15.lies16.is17.hasmade18.is19.hasbeene

18、aten/waseaten20.isII.单句改错1.Allthatcanbedonehavebeendone.2.Thiskindoforangetasteverydelicious.3.Morethansixmenwaskilledintheaccident.4.Agooddealofmoneyhavebeenspentonbooks.5.Mr.Smithtogetherwithhischildrenhavearrived.6.Thisisoneofthebestnovelsthathasappearedthisyear.7.Boththesingerandthepainterhasagr

19、eedtocometomyparty.8.ThepopulationofChinaarelargerthanthatofanyothercountryintheworld.9.Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactoryhavenotbeendecidedyet.10.Whatyousaidjustnowhavesomethingtodowiththematterwearediscussing.11.Thelettersforthebosswasputonthedesk,buthedidntreadthemuntilthreedaysletter.12.Itsreportedthatmanyanewhousearebeingbuiltatpresentinthedisasterarea.13.Barbaraiseasytorecognizeasshestheonlyoneofthewomenwhowearseveningdress.14.Thenum