美国文学作家与作品汇总

1、精选优质文档倾情为你奉上精选优质文档倾情为你奉上专心专注专业专心专注专业精选优质文档倾情为你奉上专心专注专业Works:Part 1. The Literature of Colonial AmericaJohn Smith 1580-16311 first American writerA True Relation of Such Occurrences and Accidents of Note as Hath Happened in Virginia Since the First Planting of That Colony; A Map of Virginia with a De

2、scription of the Country; The General History of Virginia, New England, and the Summer IslesRoger Williams 1603-16831 Begins the history of religious toleration in AmericaA key into the Language of AmericaEdward Taylor 1612-16721 The best of the puritan poetsNo publishing of his work, most treat rel

3、igious themes, many poems based directly on Psalms.Thomas Jefferson 1743-18261 The first American secretary of stateDrafted the Declaration of IndependenceThomas Paine托马斯潘恩1737-1809The Case of the Officers of Excise(his first pamphlet)税务员问题；Common Sense常识；American Crisis美国危机；Rights of Man人的权利：Downfa

4、ll of Despotism专制体制的崩溃；The Age of Reason理性时代 Agrarian Justice -last important treaties1 Great Commoner of Mankind2 The most articulate spokesman of the American Revolution3 natural gift for pamphleteering and rebellionPhilip Freneau菲利普弗伦诺1752-1832Father of American PoetryThe Rising Glory of America蒸

5、蒸日上的美洲；The British Prison Ship英国囚船；To the Memory of the Brave Americans纪念美国勇士同类诗中最佳；The Wild Honeysuckle野生的金银花；The Indian Burying Ground印第安人殡葬地 1 the most outstanding writer of the post-revolutionary period 2 “Poet of the American Revolution”3 herald American literary independence Anne BradstreetThe

6、 Tenth Muse Lately Sprung up in America, To My Dear and Loving Husband.1 One of the most interesting of the early of the poets.Jonathan EdwardsThe Freedom of the Will,The Great Doctrine of Original Sin defended,The Nature of True Virtue, Sinners in the Hand of a Angry GodBenjamin Franklin本杰明富兰克林1706

7、-1790A Modest Inquiry into the Nature and Necessity of a Paper Money; Poor Richards Almanac穷查理历书；The Way to Wealth致富之道； Autobiography自传1 aided Jefferson in writing the Declaration of Independence2. One of the first major writers.Part 2. Early RomanticismHenry Wadsworth Longfellow亨利沃兹沃思朗费罗1807-1882Th

8、e Song of Hiawatha海华沙之歌美国人写的第一部印第安人史诗establish his poetical reputation;Voices of the Night夜吟the first collection of poems;Ballads and Other Poens民谣及其他诗;Belfry of Bruges and Other Poems布鲁茨的钟楼及其他诗;Tales of a Wayside Inn路边客栈的故事诗集：An April Day四月的一天/A Psalm of Life人生礼赞;The tide rises, the tide falls; The

9、 secret of the Sea./Paul Reveres Ride保罗里维尔的夜奔;Evangeline伊凡吉琳;The Courtship of Miles Standish迈尔斯斯坦迪什的求婚叙事长诗；Poems on Slavery奴役篇反蓄奴组诗；Outre-Mer in loving imitation of The Sketch Book; Hyperion(romance)Dramatic work: Michael Angelo1 The most beloved American poet of his time2 the only American to be ho

10、nored with a bust in the Poets Corner of Westminster AbbeyWilliam Cullen BryantThanatopsis(17 view of death), To a Waterfowl (the peak of his work)-the most perfect brief poem in the language- Matthew Arnold1 one of the great editors of American journalism2 the first American to gain the stature of

11、a major poetJames Fennimore Cooper詹姆斯费尼莫尔库珀1789-1851The Spy间谍;The Pilot领航者;The Littlepage Manuscripts利特佩奇的手稿;Leatherstocking Tales皮裹腿故事集(5):The Pioneer拓荒者；The Last of Mohicans最后的莫希干人;The Prairie大草原;The Pathfinder探路者;The Deerslayer杀鹿者- the nearest approach yet to an American epic-Allan Nevins1 the fi

12、rst American novelist began his literary career on a dareWashington Irving华盛顿欧文1783-1859A History of New York纽约的历史美国人写的第一部诙谐文学杰作；The Sketch Book见闻札记The Legend of Sleepy Hollow睡谷的传说使之成为美国第一个获得国际声誉的作家；Bracebridge Hall布雷斯布里奇田庄；Talks of Travellers旅客谈；The Alhambra阿尔罕伯拉; Rip Van Winkle.1 the first great p

13、rose stylist of American Romanticism 2 the first great belletrist 纯文学作者3 the first modern short stories and the frist great American juvenile literature4 the only American writer of his generation who could chide the British in an atmosphere of good humor Part 3. TranscendentalismRalf Waldo Emerson拉

14、尔夫沃尔多爱默生1803-1882Essays散文集:Nature论自然新英格兰超验主义者的宣言书;The American Scholar论美国学者- “our intellectual Declaration of Independence”- Oliver Wendell Holmes;Divinity; The Oversoul论超灵;Self-reliance论自立;The Transcendentalist超验主义者;Representative Men代表人物;English Traits英国人的特征;School Address神学院演说; Concord Hymn康考德颂;T

15、he Rhodo杜鹃花;The Humble Bee野蜂;Days日子-首开自由诗之先河1 responsible for bringing Transcendentalism to New England -the leader of the movement2 one of the most influential American thinkers, yet he had no elaborate , formal system of thought and he never attempted to create oneHenry David Threau亨利大卫梭罗1817-1862

16、Wadde华腾湖或林中生活;Resistance to Civil Government/Civil Disobedience抵制公民政府-no man should violate his conscience at the command of a government ;A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers 1 Emersons truest disciple 门徒2 self-reliance and independence of mind 3 no sense of being confined by the narrow geogr

17、aphical limits of his lifePart 4. High RomanticsEdgar Allan Poe埃德加爱伦坡1809-1849（以诗为诗；永为世人共赏的伟大抒情诗人叶芝）Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque怪诞奇异故事集;Tales故事集;The Fall of the House of Usher厄舍古屋的倒塌;Ligeia莱琪儿;Annabel Lee安娜贝尔李歌特风格；首开近代侦探小说先河，又是法国象征主义运动的源头; Tamerlane and Other Poems帖木儿和其他诗;Al Araaf,Tamerlane

18、and Minor Poems艾尔阿拉夫，帖木儿和其他诗;The Raven and Other Poems乌鸦及其他诗:The Raven乌鸦;The City in the Sea海城;Israfel 伊斯拉菲尔;To Hellen致海伦Walt Whitman沃尔特惠特曼1819-1892Leaves of Grass草叶集free verse, about man and nature:Song of the Broad-Axe阔斧之歌;I hear America Singing我听见美洲在歌唱;When Lilacs Lost in the Dooryard Bloomd小院丁香花

19、开时;Democratic Vistas民主的前景;The Tramp and Strike Question流浪汉和罢工问题;Song of Myself自我之歌; I sit and look out; O Captain, My Captain.1 one of great innovators in American literatureEmily Dickinson埃米莉迪金森1830-1886Im nobody! Who are You? Success is counted sweetest. Theres acertain slant of light. A bird came

20、 down the walk. The soul selects her own society. I died for beautybut was scarce, Twas just this time, last year, I died. Because I could not stop for death. Wild nightswild nights! I heard a fly buzzwhen I died-. If you were coming in the Fall. The Poems of Emily Dichenson埃米莉迪金森诗集“Tell all the tru

21、th and tell it slant”迂回曲折的，玄学的1 ranked as one of America;s great poets2 a writer of great power and beautyOne could take a single household and an inactive life, and make enchanting poetry out of it The range of her poetry suggests not her limited experiences but the power of her creativity and imag

22、inationNathaniel Hawthorne纳撒尼尔霍桑1804-1864Twice-told Tales尽人皆知的故事;Mosses from an Old Manse古屋青苔:Young Goodman Brown年轻的古德曼布朗;The Scarlet Letter红字;The House of the Seven Gables有七个尖角阁的房子心理若们罗曼史;The Blithedale Romance福谷传奇;The Marble Faun玉石雕像1 the largest brain with the largest heart- Melville2 his ability

23、 to create vivid and symbolic images that embody great moral questions appears strongly in his short stories: Ethan Brand, Young Goodman Brown , Dr. Heideggers Experiment, The ambitious Guest, The great Stone Face-P171 一Herman Melville赫尔曼梅尔维尔1819-1891Masterpiece: Moby Dick/The White Whale莫比迪克/白鲸；Typ

24、ee泰比 a romanticized account of his stay among the Polynesians;Omoo奥穆his adventures on Tahiti and other islands;Mardi玛地;Redburn雷得本his first voyage to England ;White Jacket白外衣his brief career in the navy;Pierre皮尔埃;Piazza广场故事;Billy Budd比利巴德 drew upon his naval experiences again1 a whaling ship, was my

25、Yale College and my Harvard2 the man who lived among cannibals 3 to write a mighty book you must have a mighty theme-Moby DickThe ship Pequod- a world in miniature Part 5. RealismWilliam Dean Howells 威廉狄恩豪威尔斯1837-1920The Rise of Silas Lapham赛拉斯拉帕姆的发迹;A Modern Instance现代婚姻; A Hazard of Now Fortunes时来

26、运转;A Traveller from Altruia从利他国来的旅客;Through the Eye of the Needle透过针眼乌托邦小说;Criticism and Fiction;Novel-Writing and Novel-Reading小说创作与小说阅读Henry James亨利詹姆斯1843-1916小说：Daisy Miller苔瑟米乐；The Portrait of a Lady贵妇人画像；The Bostonians波士顿人；The Real Thing and Other Tales真货色及其他故事；The Wings of the Dove鸽翼；The Amba

27、ssadors大使；The Golden Bowl金碗 first novel- Watch and Ward-he prefered Roderick Hudson评论集：French Poets and Novelists法国诗人和小说家;Hawthorne霍桑;Partial Portraits不完全的画像;Notes and Reviews札记与评论;Art of Fiction and Other Essays小说艺术1 help to transform the novel from its alliances with journalism and romantic story-

28、telling into an art form of penetrating analysis of individuals confronting society, chronicles of the psychological perceptions that James himself defined as the highest form of experience.Part 6. Local Colorism FictionMark Twain马克吐温（Samuel Longhorne Clemens）美国文学的一大里程碑The Celebrated Jumping Frog of

29、 Calaveras County加拉维拉县有名的跳蛙;The Innocents Abroad傻瓜出国记;The Gilded Age镀金时代written in collaboration with Dudley Warner;The Adventures of Tom Sawyer汤姆索耶历险记;The Prince and the Pauper王子与贫儿;The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn哈克贝利费恩历险记;A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthurs Court亚瑟王宫中的美国佬;The Tragedy of Puddnh

30、ead Wilson傻瓜威尔逊;Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc冉达克;The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg败坏哈德莱堡的人. How to Tell a Story怎样讲故事对美国早期幽默文学的总结Part 6. NaturalismTheodore Dreiser西奥多德莱塞1871-1945Sister Carrie嘉莉姐妹;Jennie Gerhardt珍妮姑娘the first of a long succession of books that marked his turn to writing as a f

31、ull-time career ;Trilogy of Desire欲望三部曲(Financer金融家,The Titan巨人,The Stoic);An American Tragedy美国的悲剧（被称为美国最伟大的小说）;Nigger Jeff黑人杰弗1 Dreisers novels are direct projections of his inner life as well as careful transcriptions of his experiencesPart 8. Modern PoetryEzra Pound艾兹拉庞德1885-1972The Spirit of Ro

32、mance罗曼司精神;The Anthology Des Imagistes意像派诗选;Cathay华夏（英译中国诗）;Literary Essays文学论;Hugh Swlwyn Mauberley; A Few Donts by Imagiste意像派戒条; Personage面具;Polite Essays文雅集;The Cantos of Ezra Pound庞德诗章（109首及8首未完成稿）Homage to Sextus Propertius is a masterpiece1 the early leaders in restoring to poetry the use of

33、literary reference as an imaginative instrumentWallace Stevens华莱士史蒂文斯1879-1955Harmonium风琴;The Man With the Blue Guitar弹蓝吉他的人;Notes Toward a Supreme Fiction关于最高虚构的札记(Peter Quince at the Clavier彼得昆斯弹风琴;Sunday Morning礼拜天早晨);The Auroras of Autumn秋天的晨曦;Collected Poems诗集; The Emperor of Ice-cream; 1 The v

34、ice-president of the Hartford Accident and Indemnity Company2 The National Book Award and the Pulitzer Prize-Collected Poems诗集3 later poetry: the interrelation between the ideal and the real -the constant theme (“imagination and reality”)E. A. Robinson鲁宾逊1869-1935Captain Craig克雷格上尉诗体小说-came to the a

35、ttention of President Theodore Roosevelt ；The Town Down the River河上的城镇;The Man Against the Sky衬托着天空的人;Avons Harvest沃冯的收成;Collected Poems诗集; Richard Cory; Miniver Cheevy-realistic attitudes 1 one of the most productive of the new poets in the late years of the nineteenth century 2 Pulitzer Prize in 1

36、922, 1925 and 19283 simple-surface simplicity serves to conceal an intricacy and subtlety of thought 4 like Robert Frost, noted for his use of a dry, sometimes biting , New England humorD. Robert Frost罗伯特弗罗斯特1874-1963A Boys Wish少年心愿；North of Boston波士顿之北(Mending Wall修墙,After Apple-picking摘苹果之后);Mount

37、ain Interval山间（成熟阶段）(The Road Not taken没有选择的道路); West-running Brook西流的溪涧;A Further Range又一片牧场;A Witness Tree一株作证的树; Two Roads Diverged in the Woods; Mending Wall.1 receives honorary degrees from 44 colleges and universities2 4 Pulitzer Prizes 3 reads the poetry at the inauguration of President John

38、F. Kennedy at 874 rejects the revolutionary poetic principles of his contemporaries, choosing instead “the old-fashioned way to be new ”5 for all its apparent simplicity, often probes mysteries of darkness and irrationality in the bleak and chaotic landscapes of and indifferent universe where men st

39、and alone, unaided and perplexed.Thomas Stearns Eliot托马斯艾略特1888-1965Prufrock and Other Observations普罗夫洛克（荒原意识）-first book;The Waste Land荒原masterpiece (The Burial of the Dead死者的葬礼;A Game of Chess弈棋;The Fire Sermon火诫;Death by Water水边之死;What the Thunder Said雷电之言);名诗：Ash Wednesday圣灰星期三beautiful in langu

40、age, difficult in symbolism;Four Quarters四个四重奏诗剧：Murder in the Cathedral大教堂谋杀案a drama of impressive spiritual power;Family Reunion大团圆;Cocktail Party鸡尾酒会 -they created interest as experimental theater1 The Nobel Prize in 1948Harriet Beecher Stowe 1811-1896Uncle Toms Cabin (The Man That Was a Thing);

41、A Key to Uncle Toms Cabin; Dred: A Tale of the Great Dismal Swamp-antislavery novelA society resting on slavery could not long surviveO. Henry (William Sidney Porter)The Four Million-best volume-indicates that he considered all the people of New York City worth writing about, no simply the upper “Fo

42、ur Hundred”.Best individual stories: A Retried Reformation; The Gift of the Magi; A Municipal Report;An Unfinished Story; A Lickpenny Lover; The Furnished Room; The Cop and the Anthem; The Trimmed Lamp;Heart of the West;Cabbages and Kings; etc1 two endings: an unexpected ending, a still better surpr

43、ise 2 local color: slang and colloquial expression make them hard to be understood by people outside of America3 the American literary circles set up O. Henry Award in 19184 one of the most prolific 多产的modern American short story writersF. Scott Fitzgerald 1896-1940First novel: This Side of Paradise

44、-portrayal of the casual dissipations of “flaming youth”-an immediate commercial successSecond novel: the Beautiful and Damned & a collection of short stories, Tales of the Jazz AgeSatirical play , the Vegetable (or from President to Postman)The Great Gatsby-critical success but a commercial disappo

45、intmentTender Is the Night -although it is a precise indictment of irresponsible social values of the 1930s, critics harshly accused him of ignoring the Depression while writing a frivolous novel about neurotic Americans who preferred Europe over their native landLast novel The Last Tycoon, remained

46、 unfinished1 one of the major American prose writers of twentieth century Ernest Hemingway 1899-1961First book: Three stories and Ten PoemsThe Sun Also Rises-became the spokesman for what Gertrude Stein had called “a lost generation”Primary concern: individuals “moment of truth”His lifelong preoccup

47、ation with stories of war : A Farewell to Arms, 1929(both to war and to love) and For Whom the Bell Tolls, 1940(restate his view of love found and lost and describe the indomitable spirit of the common people )The bullfight: Death in the Afternoon 1932The hunt: The Green Hills of Africa 1935The Old M