胸外科和免疫学的结合课件

1、胸外科和免疫学的结合Immunology and Thoracic SurgeryDavid B Skinner, M.D., Tom R. DeMeester, M.D. Vol. 21(5), May 1976ABSTRACT This report reviews the current status of three types of diseases in which knowledge of immunology is changing the practice of thoracic surgery. . Immunotherapy of several types is cur

2、rently being investigated experimentally and clinically and promises to change therapy for bronchogenic and esophageal neoplasms.先天性和获得性免疫系统肺部的免疫系统The alveoli. in mouse and man are comprised almost entirely of alveolar macrophages. 这些巨噬细胞分泌大量的具有抗微生物作用的因子，同时还具备抗原呈递功能从而引发抗原特异性免疫反应Are there any other i

3、mmune cells in the lungs?Dendritic cells are known to project their dendrites into the airway lumen. T cells (predominantly cytotoxic) exist between epithelial cells.Some neutrophils and rare mast cells * 上皮细胞本身也参与了肺部免疫反应，因为上皮细胞可以分泌趋化因子，细胞因子，抗微生物复合物。理论的提出：Ehrlich P. 1909；Burnet FM.1957; 1964争议： Nude

4、 mice and thymectomized mice实验和临床证明: 各种免疫相关分子基因缺陷动物模型的建立；器官移植患者，HIV 感染病人理论的进一步改进和发展肿瘤免疫监视(Immunosurveillance)理论的发展历程肿瘤免疫编辑理论Elimination, Equilibrium, and EscapeImmunity, Vol. 21, 137148, 2004 Dunn, D.P. et al.肿瘤免疫逃逸T 细胞 耐受，衰竭，老化肿瘤免疫治疗如何阻断或去除抑制免疫功能的因素如何mimic有效的抗微生物免疫反应来调节抗肿瘤免疫反应 Types of immunotherap

5、y (lung cancer):Cancer vaccinesMonoclonal antibodiesChimeric antigen receptors-T cell immunotherapy (CAR)Checkpoint immunotherapy: PD1, PDL1, CTLA-4 Li, L. et al.R E S E A R C H A R T I C L E I M M U N O L O G Y Selective Effects of PD-1 on Akt and Ras Pathways Regulate Molecular Components of the C

6、ell Cycle and Inhibit T Cell ProliferationPD-1 inhibits activation of CDK2Patsoukis, N. et al. PD-1alters T-cell metabolic reprogramming by inhibiting glycolysis and promoting lipolysis and fatty acid oxidation NATURE COMMUNICATIONS|2015Patsoukis, N. et al. Metabolic Competition in the Tumor Microen

7、vironment Is a Driver of Cancer ProgressionVolume 162, Issue 6, 10 September 2015Melanoma Cell-Intrinsic PD-1 Receptor Functions Promote Tumor GrowthVolume 162, Issue 6, 10 September 2015样本库建立 A研究思路PD1 抗体治疗肿瘤的可能机制和新的免疫治疗方案Reinvigorating exhausted T cells (proliferation capacity/effector function)Alternation the properties of cancer cellsManipulation of p27kip1肺癌生物样本库的建立和肿瘤免疫研究思路 B男性女性鳞癌腺癌病例数鳞癌腺癌4