冠词-详解与配套练习

1、冠词冠词分为不定冠词、定冠词和零冠词。一、a与an的用法区别a用于辅音前；an用于元音前。一般说来，元音字母发元音，辅音字母发辅音。Have you ever seen tree as tall as this one? (1985 全国)aB. suchC. anD. /1、拼写以辅音字母开头读音却以元音开头的单词hour, honest, honor等单词的拼写虽然以辅音字母h开头，但其读音却以元音开头，因 此，前面要用an。I have been waiting for him for hour and a half. (1980全国)A. the B. aC. an D. whole2

2、、拼写以元音字母开头读音却以辅音开头的单词useful, university, usual, united, European, one-eyed, one-way 等单词的拼写虽然以元音字 母开头，但其读音却以元音开头，因此，前面要用a。Five years ago her brother was university student of physics. (1990上海)A. a; theB. an; theC. an; /D. a; /3、英文字母前用a还是用an的问题在26个英文字母中，a, e, i, o, f, h, l, m, n, r, s, x等12个字母的读音是以元音开

3、头的，其 余字母的读音则是以辅音开头的。Please pay attention to your spelling. You have dropped 上海 here. (1989A. an B. the C. / D. a二、不定冠词的主要用法1、不定冠词用在单数可数名词前，表示泛指某类人或事物中的一个，意为“一个/位/ 座/项/段/次”。a用在辅音前，而an用在元音前。Have you seen pen? I left it here this morning. Is it black one? I think I saw it somewhere. (1997 全国)A. a; the

4、B. the; the C. the; a D. a; a2、 表示(数量)一”“每一”“同一(of +a/an +n.)”。表同一性：即表示“同一”，说明事物的同一性质、特征、大小或程度等。如:This hat and that one are of a shape.这顶帽子和那顶一样大。Things of kind come together； people of kind fall into same group.A.the；the；the B.a；a； theC.the；the；a D a；a；a3、用于作表语或作as的宾语的职业或身份的名词前。（15）When he left col

5、lege, he got a job as reporter in a newspaper office. （2004天津）A.不填；a B.不填；the C. a ; the D. the ; the在 such a, quite a, rather a 句式中He is quite a good actor.他是一个相当好的演员三、定冠词的主要用法1、定冠词the的基本用法，即表示特指，相当于this（这）,that（那）,these（这些）,those（那 些）。包括指上文提到过的人或事物，或者双方都知道的人或事物。If you buy more than ten, they knock

6、 20 pence off. （2004 四川）A. a priceB. priceC. the price D. priceson-going division between English-speaking Canadians and French-speaking Canadians is major concern of the country. （2004 北京）A. The;不填 B. The; a C.An; the D. An;不填2、用于“the+比较级”表示“两者中较的”那一个人或事物。（22）Which is country, Canada or Australia?

7、（1992全国）A. a large B. larger C. a larger D. the larger（23）If the manager had to choose between the two, he would say John was. （1995 上 海）A. good B. the bestC. better D. the better（24）Of the two sisters, Betty is one, and she is also the one who loves to be quiet.（2006安徽）A. a younger B. a youngest C.

8、 the younger D. the youngest3、用于介词短语中的方位名词前。（25）Summer in south of France is for most part dry and sunny. （2000京春）A. /, aB. the, /C. /, /D. the, the4、用于最高级形容词或副词及形容词only （唯一的）very （正是那个）same（同样的）That is the very thing I have been looking for .（26）Where,s nearest bookstore?Theres one at end of the st

9、reet. （2000 上海春）A. the; an B. a; the C. the; the D. a; an（27） Of all reasons for my decision to become a university professor, my fathers advicewas most important one. （2006 辽宁） A. the; aB.不填；a C.不填；the D. the; the5、用于play后的西洋乐器名词前。（28）Alice is fond of playing piano while Henry is intersted in liste

10、ning to music.（1989全国）A.（不填）;theB.（不填）；（不填）C. the;（不填）D. the; the（29）After watching TV, she played violin for an hour. （1991全国）A.不填，不填 B. the, the C. the,不填 D.不填,the注意：在象erhu（二胡）之类的汉语拼音的中国民乐名称前，就不用冠词。有这样一道题： He loves playing piano, but he hasnt got piano of his own. A. the, thethe, a C. a, the D. a,

11、 a6、用于“the +逢十的复数基数词”前表示年代。（30）It is not rare in that people in fifties are going to university for further education. （1999 上海）A. 90s; theB. the 90s; / C. 90s; their D. the 90s; their7、用于“the+比较级，the+比较级”（越.就越.）句型中。（31）It is believed that you work,result youll get. （1993 上海）A. the harder; the bette

12、rB. the more hard; the most betterthe harder; a betterD. more hard; more better8、用于 by the dozen/gallon/ ton/yard/ year/month/day/hour等结构中表示计量单位， 意为按/以.（卖/租/付款），常与buy, sell, rent, charge等动词连用。（32）As a rule, the workers are paid.（2004 上海春）A. by the hour B. by hour C. by an hour D. by hours 注意：在by wei

13、ght（按重量）中不用the。9、用于“动词+人+介词+the+人体部位或衣着”中：用于该句型的动词常常是表示“打、 抓、牵、拉、拍、踢”等之类的动词。（33）A bullet hit the soldier and he was wounded in leg. （2001 上海）A. aB. one C. the D. his在姓氏复数前，表示一家人The Bakers came to see me yesterday.贝克一家人昨天来看我。在海洋、江河、湖泊、山脉、海峡、海湾等地理名词前the Pacific Ocean 太平洋 the Huanghe River 黄河某些固定的表达法in

14、 the morning 在早上 in the afternoon 在下午 in the evening 在晚上go to the cinema 去看电影 go to the theatre 去看戏 all the year round 一年到头 on the way to前往.去的路上四、零冠词的主要用法（即不用冠词的情况）1、复数可数名词表示泛指和不可数名词表示泛指时不用冠词。Beyond stars, the astronaut saw nothing but space. （1990全国）A. the;（不填）B.（不填）;theC.（不填）；（不填）D. the; the2、在as（

15、虽然）引导的让步状语从句前面的单数可数名词前不用冠词。（42）, he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class. （2005重庆）A. A quiet student as he may beB. Quiet student as he may beC. Be a quiet student as he mayD. Quiet as he may be a student3、man（人，人类）,word（消息）的前面不用冠词。（43）While he was investigating ways to improve the tel

16、escope, Newton made discovery which completely changed mans understanding of colour. （2004 广东）A.a.不填B. a.theC.不填.the D. the.a4、学科名词前不用冠词。（44）She is newcomer to chemistry but she has already made some important discoveries. （1994 全国）A. the; the B. the;不填 C. a;不填 D. a; the 山峰Mount Qomolangma珠穆朗玛峰在kind

17、 of+名词 sort of+名词”句式中What kind of flower is it?这是什么花?注意：下列3种情况虽未曾考过，但仍需注意：球类运动和棋类游戏名词前不用冠词。如：play football踢足球。在某些独立主格结构中。如：The teacher came in, book in hand.老师进来了，手里拿 着一本书。(3)在表示“变成”的turn后作表语的名词不用冠词。如：He will never turn traitor.他绝不 会成为叛徒。7用于.表示职位、身份、头衔名词前Lincoln was made President of America. 用于表示球类

18、、棋类的运动的名词前。Play chess与by连用表交通方式胡名词前We went right round to the west coast by sea .以and连接两个相对的名词并用Husband and wife knife and fork day and night名词前有 this that my whose some no each every 等限制。I want this book ,not that one .五、三种冠词表示类别时的用法比较泛指一类人或事物时，不可数名词前不用冠词，可数名词有下列三种情况：1、“不定冠词a(n)+单数可数名词”：指某类人或事物中的任何

19、一个或者某一个。Jumping out of airplane at ten thousand feet is quite exciting experience.(2002全国)A.不填；the B.不填；an C. an; an D. the; the2、“定冠词the+单数可数名词:指某类事物的整体。多用于讨论科技问题，常与invent, become extinct (=die out)等动词连用。Alexander Graham Bell invented telephone in 1876. (MET91)A.不填 B. aC. the D. one3、“零冠词+复数可数名词”：指

20、具有某类人或事物特点的全体。Many people are still in habit of writing silly things in public places. (1993全国)A. the; theB.不填；不填 C. the;不填 D.不填；the六、有关冠词使用的疑难问题1、序数词前冠词的使用问题：强调顺序时用定冠词；当不强调顺序，而是表示在原来的基础上增加，即“又，还，再”时，用不定冠词。如：She thanked him a second time.她再次向他道谢。Shall I ask her a third time?我还要问她一次吗？（48）The cakes ar

21、e delicious. Hed like to have third one because second one israther too small. （2002 上海春） A. a; a B. the; the C. a; the D. the; a2、school, bed 等前面冠词的使用问题：像 bed, table, class, school, college, church, hospital, prison等名词，在指这些家具、建筑或场所本身时用冠词，但若指它们所具有的作 用或功能时，则不用冠词，此时多用于go to或者be in/at之后。（49）Where is Ja

22、ck? I think he is still in bed, but he might just be in bathroom. （1992 全国）A.不填；不填 B. the； the C. the;不填 D.不填；the3、专有名词前的冠词使用问题：一般不用冠词，如John, China等。但以下几种情况用 冠词：“the+姓氏复数”：表示“某某夫妇”或“姓某的一家人”。（52）will make a trip around the world during the coming Christmas. （1993 上海）A. The Evens B. The Evens, C. The

23、Evenses D. Evenses（53）Who did you spend last weekend with?. （1998 上海）A. Palmers B. The Palmers, C. The Palmers D.The Palmers“a（n）+A名（相当于a certain，some,意为“一个”“某个”。）”：表示.式的人物” 或（有）一个名叫的人”。如：The house next door has been bought by a Mr Jones .隔壁的房子被一个叫琼斯的先生的人 买下了。（54）I know John Lennon, but not famous o

24、ne. （2005 山东）A.不填；a B. a; the C.不填；the D. the; a由普通名词构成的专有名词前通常要加the。（56）The most important thing about cotton in history is part that it played inIndustrial Revolution. （2004 重庆）A.不填；不填 B. the；不填 C. the;theD. a; the注： 表示特指时专有名词前也可能用the。如the Gorge of China （中国的高尔基），the China of the 1960s（20 世纪 60 年代

25、的中国），the Smith youre looking for（你在找的那个史密斯）。 若是在“专有名词（人名或地名）+普通名词”构成的专有名词前不用冠词，如 Beijing University （北京大学）,Yale University（耶 鲁大学）。4、物质名词和抽象名词前冠词的使用问题：一般不用冠词，但特指时要用the。（60） In Hangzhou Mr Green was so struck by beauty of nature that hestayed for another night. （1991 上海） A. /, / B. /, the C. the, / D.

26、 the, the注：下列两种情况也用冠词：（1）有的抽象名词具体化后，前面要加不定冠词。如a surprise 一件预料之外的事，a pity /shame （一件令人遗憾的事）,a success（一件成功的事或一个成功的人），a pleasure（一件快乐 的事），a time（一段时间）；（2）不定冠词可在coffee, tea, beer, drink等物质名词前表示“一杯/罐/瓶”。如：Id like a tea（=a cup of tea）, please 我要来杯茶。He was a success in business.他事业成功。It s a pleasure to ta

27、lk with you.同你谈话是件令人愉快的事。5、表示季节、月份、星期的名词前的冠词使用问题：一般不用冠词，但特指时用the； 表示在某一个，或者受形容词修饰表示具有某种特点时可用a/an。如the spring of 1998（1998 年的春天），a hard winter（一个严寒的冬天）。（62）I cant remember when exactly the Rohinsons left city. I only remember it wasMonday. （2005 湖南）A. the, the B. a, the C. a, a D. the, a6、独一无二的事物名词前冠

28、词的使用问题：像world, earth, sun, moon, sky, universe等独一无二的事物名词前通常不用冠词，但前面有形容词修饰，表示一个的”时，用不 定冠词。（63）Wouldnt it be wonderful world if all nations lived in peace with oneanother? （1994 全国）A. a;不填 B. the;不填 C. a; theD. the;theIt is world of wonders,world where anything can happen. (2004福建)A. a, the B. a, aC.

29、the, a D. /, /注意：下列几种况虽然未曾考过，但也要注意：（1）含有day的节日前一般不用冠词， 如 May Day, New Years day, Christmas Day, April Fools Day, MothersDay 等；但仅中国才有的 传习统节日名称前常用 the，如 the Spring Festival（春节）,the Mid-autumn Festival（中秋节）。（2）有后置定语的名词是特指某人或某物时，用the；但若指一类事物时用a/an。如Id like to buy a present that is useful but not expensi

30、ve.（我想买一件价格不贵但又有用的那样一类礼 物。）（3）两个并列名词指同一人、同一物或同一概念时，第二个名词前不用冠词，如a teacher and writer（一位教师兼作家），a horse and cart（一辆马车），a knife and fork（一付刀*）；但若是 指两个人时，第二个名词前一般也要加冠词，如a man and a woman（一个男人和一个女人）。表示唯一职位或头衔的名词一般只有在作表语、同位语、补足语时，才可以不用the。表示三餐的名词前通常不用冠词，但有定语修饰时，可用不定冠词，如a good lunch 丰盛的午餐。The little boy oft

31、en has big breakfast, so he looks really strong.A.theB. /C.aD.an七、习语中的冠词1、含定冠词的习语（65）His daughter is always shy in and she never dares to make a speech to.（2001上海）A. the public; the public B. public; the public C. the public; public D. public; public2、含不定冠词的习语（67） Id like information about the manag

32、ement of your hotel, please. Well, you could have word with the manager. He might be helpful. （1995全 国）A. some, a B. an, some C. some, some D. an, a3、用零冠词的固定短语（71）Paper money was in use in China when Marco Polo visited the country inthirteenth century. （1999 全国） A. the;不填 B. the; the C.不填；the D. 不填；

33、不填练习1.recent report stated that the number of Spanish speakers in the U.S .wouldbe higher than the number of English speaker by year 2090.A. A, the B. A, / C. The，/ D. The, a2.If you go by train ,you can have quite a comfortable journey ,but makesure you get fast one.A. /, /B./, a C. the, a D./,/3.

34、It is often said that teachers have very easy life.A /,/ B. /,a C. the,/ D. the, acan t remember when exactly the Robinsons left city ,I only remember itwas Monday.。A. the , the B. a ,the C. a, a D. the, a5.If you grow up in large family ,you are more likely to develop ability toget on well with oth

35、ers .A. /,an the B. a, the，/ C. the ,an ,the D. a, the ,theMrs ,Taylor has 8-year-old daughter who has gift for painting -she haswon two national prizes.A. a, a B. an ,the C. an ,a D. thAfetr dinner he gave Mr. Richardson ride to Capital Airport.A .the, a B. a the C. /, a D. /, the8.On May 5,2005,at

36、 World Table Tennis Championship ,Kong Ling hui and WangHaowon the gold medal in mens with score of 4:1.A. a ,a B. / the C. a，/ D. the ,aknew John Lennon ,but not famous one.A. /,a B. a ,the C. /,the D. the, aThe book tells life story of John Smith ,who left school and workedfor a newspaper at the a

37、ge of 16.A. the, the B. a , the C. the./ D. a,/When you come here for you r holiday next time, dont go to hotel ; I canfind you bed in my flat.A. the ,a B. the,/ C. a ,the D. a,/ 13.on-going division between English -speaking Canadians and French-speaking Canadians is major concern of the country.A.

38、 The，/ B. The ,a C. An ,the D. An,/14.When he left college ,he got a job as reporter in a newspaper office .A. /, a B /, the C .a the D .the, the15The most important thing about cotton in history is part that it played in Industrial Revolution.A. /,/ B. the,/ C. the , the D. a ,the16.While he was in

39、vestigating ways t improve the telescope Newton made discovery which completely changed mans understanding of color.A. a ,/ B. a ,the C. /, the D. the ,a17.It is world of wonders,world where anything can happen.A. a. the B. a, a C. the, a D. /,/The Wilsons live in A-shaped house near the coast . It

40、is 17th century cottage.A. the, / B. an, the C. /, the D. an ,aTom owns larger collection of books than any other student in ourclass.A. the，/ B. a,/ C. a ,the D. /, theFor a long time they walked without saying word .Jim was the first t breaksilence.A. the, a B. a ,the C. a，/ D. the,/There was time

41、 I hated t go to school.A. a ,that B. a ,when C. the ,that D. the ,whenWhen you finish reading the book ,you will have better understanding oflife.,A. a, the B. the .a C. /,the D.a,/24The sign reads “in ease of fire ,break the glass and push red button”A. /,a B. /,the C. the ,the D. a ,adont like ta

42、lking on telephone ; I prefer writing letter.A. a, the B. the./ C. the ,the D. A，/Jumping out of airplane at ten thousand feet is quite exciting experience.A. /, the B. /, an C. an. an D. the, the27.One way to understand thousands of new words in gain good knowledge ofbasic word formation.A. / B the

43、 C. a D. oneThe cakes are delicious . Hed like have third one because secondone is rather too small.A. a, a B. the .the C. a ,the D. the ,aA bullet hit the solider and he was wounded in leg.A. a B .one C. the D. hisThe warmth of sweater will of course be determined by the sort of woolused.A. the, th

44、e B. the，/ C. /, the D. /,/高考链接1.Where is my blue shirt? Its in the washing machine. You have to wear different one. （2003春）A. any B. the C. a D. other2. An accident happened at crossroads a few metres away from bank. （2003上海）A. a; aB. /; aC. /; the D. the; /In review of 44 studies, American researc

45、hers found that men and women who atesix key foods daily cut the risk of heart disease by 76%. （2006湖南）A. a; the B. the; aC. a;不填D.不填；aTheres dictionary on desk by your side. （2003 京春）A. a; theB. a; aC. the; aD. the; theFor a long time they walked without saying word. Jim was the first to break sile

46、nce.（2004湖南）A. the; a B. a; the C. a;不填D. the;不填10.On news today, there were reports of heavy snow in that area. （2004春）A. the; theB. the；不填C.不填；不填D.不填；the11.If you grow up in large family, you are more likely to develop ability to get onwell with others. （2005 江西）A. /; an; the B. a; the; / C. the;

47、an;the D. a; the; theI knocked over my coffee cup. It went right over keyboard.You shouldnt put drinks near computer. （2006 北京）A. the;不填 B. the; aC. a;不填 D. a; aDont worry if you cant come to party.Ill save cake for you. （2006浙江）A. the; some B. a; much C. the; any D. a; littleMost animals little con

48、nection with animals of different kind unless they killthem for food. （2000 全国） A. the; aB.不填；a C. the;theD.不填;theMr. Smith, theres a man at front door who says he has news for you of greatimportance. （2001 京春）A. the,不填 B. the, the C.不填，不填 D.不填,theThe sign reads In case of fire, break the glass and

49、push red button. （2003 全国）A.不填；aB.不填；the C the; theD. a; aTom owns larger collection of books than any other student in our class. （2004 江苏）A. the;不填 B. a;不填 C. a; the D.不填;the20.Everywhere man has cut down forests in order to grow crops, or to use wood asfuel or as building material. （2006 重庆 25）A.

50、 the; the B. the; /C. /； theD. /； /This book tells life story of John Smith, who left school and worked for anewspaper at the age of 16. （2005 辽宁） A. the; the B. a; the C. the;不 填D. a;不填Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith?Sorry, wrong number. There isnt Mr. Smith here. （2006全国 I30）A.不填 B. a C. the D.

51、oneOn May 5, 2005, at World Table Tennis Championship, Kong Linghui and Wang Haowon the gold medal in mens doubles with score of 4:1. （2005 江苏）A. a; a B.不填;theC. a;不填 D. the; aAfter dinner he gave Mr. Richardson ride to Capital Airport. （2005安 徽）A. the; a B. a; the C.不填；aD.不填;theAccording to World H

52、ealth Organization, health care plans are needed in all big cities toprevent spread of AIDS. （2006 陕西） A. the;不填 B. the; the C.a; aD.不填;theI know you dont like music very much. But what do you think of music inthe film we saw yesterday? （2006 全国 II） A. /; /B. the; the C. the;/D. /; theFor him stage

53、is just means of making a living. （2006山东 21）A. a; aB. the; aC. the; the D. a; theOne way to understand thousands of new words is to gain good knowledge of basicword formation. （2002 上海） A. /B. theC. aD. oneWhen you finish reading this book, you will have better understanding of life.（2004辽宁）A. a, t

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56、with one another?A. a; / B. the; / C. a; the D. the; the (NMET1994 23)Paper money was in use in China when Marco Polo visited the country inthirteenth century.A. the ; /B. the; the C./; theD./; / (NMET 19998)1t is not true in that people in fifties are going to university for furthereducation .A.90s; their B. the 90s; /C.90s; /D. the 90s; their(1999.上海 6)44.Summers in south of France are for most part dry and sunny.A./; a