山东省济南大学城实验高级中学2021届高三第一次诊断性考试英语试题含解析

1、济南大学城实验高级中学2018级考试英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分3。分） 第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分；满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选 出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有15秒钟的时间来 回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。What does the woman do now?An engineerAn officialA teacherWhat is special about the meal?A. The taste of foodThe price of foodThe kind of

2、foodWhat are the speakers probably doing?Camping in the countryside.Touring in a wonderful city.Discussing a holiday plan.When did the dining room close?10 minutes ago20 minutes ago30 minutes agoWhat will the man do this evening?Buy some clothes.Wash his clothes.Organize his clothes.第二节（共15小题，每小题L5分

3、；满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项选出最佳选项，并标在试卷相应位置，听每段对话或独白前，你将有时 间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段 对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。What is the man most unhappy with about the MP4 player?A. The scratchThe receiverThe earphoneWhat does the woman decide to do for the man in the end?Sell ano

4、ther model cheap to him.Exchange his MP4.Give his money back.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8. How much would the woman pay by month?1800 yuan1900 yuan2000 yuan9. What is not included in the rent?A. GasB. ElectricityC. Water听第8段材料，回答第1。至12题。lO.What is the man studying in college?A. BusinessB. ComputersC. Accounting

5、ll.When will the man begin the job?On April 24thOn may 4thOn July 4th12. How long will the man need to work every day?A. Four hoursFive hourssix hours听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. How did the man know about the festival?From a magazineFrom a newspaperFrom a poster14. Which instrument does the woman love?A. T

6、he drumsThe guitarThe piano15. Why does the man think it is worth going to the Sunday performance?A. It offers free drinks.B.There are cheap tickets.C.He can join singing.16. When is the mans evening class?On 22nd MarchOn 23rd MarchOn 24th March听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。17. Which language is added this year

7、?A. FrenchB. SpanishC. Russian18. What course does David Malcolm teach?Writing Short StoriesUnderstanding the InternetC.One-to-one tennis coaching19. How often can people have a yoga course?A. Once a weekB. Twice a weekC. Threetimes a weekWhen does the course on Modern Art probably start?From the fi

8、rst week of June.From the second week of June.From the third week of June.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题25分，满分375分）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项A、B、C、D中，选出可以填入空 白处的最佳选项。AEssay CompetitionThe aim of this contest is to encourage great student writers and to give them a leg-up in their studies.PrizesOne Grand

9、 Prize winner will receive: $1,000 in cash; the essay published in our magazines May 2021 issue; an interview with our magazines author.Ten First Place winners will receive: $500 in cash; their names and essay titles listed in our magazines May 2021 issue.Fifty Honorable Mention Winners will receive

10、:a$50 gift card to our online shop.RequirementsThe length of the essay should be between 500-700 words.Write an essay on the topic of: How Food Affects Our Mood.Please write about three reasons for believing in your thesis （论点）statement in the form of body paragraphs and back up your reasons with pr

11、actical evidence from respected sources.Do not write about yourself and dont explain why you deserve to win the prizes.DeadlinesEarly-Bird Deadline: May 4,2020-Free for the entry.Deadline: June 5,2020-$5 for the entry.Extended Deadline: July 22z2020-$10 for the entry.What will the First Place winner

12、s be rewarded with?Getting their essays published in the magazine.Having their essay titles listed in the magazine.Receiving a gift card to the particular online shop.Gaining an opportunity to meet the magazines author.Which of the following meets the requirements?Writing an essay of more than 800 w

13、ords.Submitting an essay about food nutrition.Expressing your strong desire to get the award.Supporting your reasons with credible evidence.When can you submit your essay for free?A. April 30,2020.B. May 20. 2020.C. June 10. 2020.D. July25,2020.【答案】1.B2.D3. A【解析】本文是应用文。文章是关于举办论文比赛的有关事项进行说明。【1题详解】细 T

14、i理解题 根据 Prizes 部分中“Ten First Place winners will receive: $500 in cash; their names and essay titles listed in our magazines May 2021 issue.”可知,10 位一等奖获得者的文章标题 将列在杂志的2021年5月刊上。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题 根据 Requirements 部分中 Please write about three reasons . back up your reasons with practical evidence from res

15、pected sources.（请写三个理由并用来自权威的实际证 据来支持你的理由。）可知，论文要求要用可信的证据来支持你的理由。故选D项。【3题详解】细 H 理解题根据 Deadlines 部分中 aEarly-Bird Deadline: May 4,2020 Free for the entry.v 可 知，提前截止时间是2020年5月4日，在此之前提交论文可以免费参赛。故选A项。BBlue sheep,native to the Himalayasjends its name to a small handicraft（手工艺）shop indowntown Chengdu.Racha

16、el Pinniger from the U.K.opened the store,which offers a wide range of handmade itemsjn 2013.All of them were made by people with disabilities or serious diseases in remote areas in China.The 75-year-old woman was formerly a medical practitioner（执业医师）。Before settling down in Chengdu 10 years ago,Rac

17、hael had spent more than 40 years working in 15 different countries in Asia and Africa,providing medical services and training local physicians.While living in the Tibet Autonomous Region,she found that many patients were too poor to have their illnesses treated.While many of them were skilled in ma

18、king traditional crafts,they had no market for their handmade items.For these people,the most important thing is to help them integrate（融入）into society/ Rachael thought.Thats not necessarily something the government can do.Its up to all of us to give them a sense of confidence and self-respect.11Tha

19、t inspired Rachael to open a store to help these disadvantaged people bring their crafts to the market so that they could make money and receive effective treatment.She spent nearly all of her life savings collecting items from them and making other necessary preparations.More than 700 people have b

20、enefited from Rachaels initiative（融入），although she has to battle for years to make ends meet with the very limited market,which remains her biggest challenge.Despite financial pressures,she has continued to expand her market by encouraging her overseas friends to buy the products as home decorations

21、 or gifts.She collects feedback from customers and gives the craftsmen suggestions on how to improve their items.To help them pick up professional skills,Rachael also invites them to participate in training courses.As a world traveler,Rachael has no plans for her next destination.At the moment,she w

22、ill continue to try her best to keep the shop afloat to help more people get through their hard times.“Mother Teresa*s words/l cannot change the worldzbut I can change the world of one person/have always been my motto.Anytime we can help one person;it makes life worthwhile,even if it is not the worl

23、d/she said.Which of the following statements about Rachael Pinniger is TRUE?She left her home country in her twenties.She had to borrow money to open Blue Sheep.She had settled down in China before retirement.She always dreamed of running her own business in China.What is special about Rachaels shop

24、 in Chengdu?It was co-founded by seriously ill patients.It provides effective treatment for the disabled.It sells products made by the disadvantaged.It provides customers with craft-making training.Rachael is still struggling to_.expand into the overseas marketbalance the budget for Blue Sheepinvolv

25、e more craftsmen in her initiativeobtain immediate feedback from customersAccording to the article,the establishment of Blue Sheep.preserves Chinese traditional handicraftscalls on people to respect the disadvantagedprovides help for people in need of social integrationremoves the need for governmen

26、t aid to the disadvantaged【答案】4.A5. C 6. B 7. C【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述的归国老医师雷切尔创办了一家专门售卖残疾人手工制作的工 艺品的店铺，这不仅帮助了残疾人获得收入而更好地治疗，同时也帮助残疾人更好地融入社 会。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“The 75-year-old woman was formerly a medical practitioner（执业医师）。 Before settling down in Chengdu 10 years ago,Rachael had spent more than 40 years

27、working in 15 different countries in Asia and Africa,这位75岁的妇女以前是一名医生。在10年前定居成都之 前，雷切尔已经在亚洲和非洲的15个不同国家工作超过40年，”可知65时，她已经在国外工 作超过40年，由此可以推断雷切尔在她20几岁时离开家乡。故答案为A.【5题详解】细在理解题 根据第一自然段Rachael Pinniger from the U.K.opened the store,which offers a wide range of handmade itemsjn 2013.All of them were made by

28、people with disabilities or serious diseases in remote areas in China. 2013年,来自英国的雷切尔平尼格尔开设了这家商店,提 供各种各样的手工制品。都是中国偏远地区的残疾人或者重疾患者做的。”可知商店里的工艺 品都是由残疾人手工制作。故答案为C。【6题详解】细节理解题,根据第五自然段“she has to battle for years to make ends meet with the very limited market,which remains her biggest challenge.她不得不在非常有限的

29、市场上奋斗多年，以维持收 支平衡，这仍然是她最大的挑战。可知Rachael依然在努力奋斗以维持商店的收支平衡。故 答案为B。【7题详解】细行理解题。根据第三段For these peoplehe most important thing is to help them integrate（融入）into society, “对于这些人来说，最重要的是帮助他们融入社会，”雷切尔想。 可知创办这个店铺的最终目的是帮助残疾人融入社会，获得社会认同感。故答案为C。CA ten-year-old sperm whale（抹香鲸）was found dead on a beach in Scotland.

30、A necropsy（尸检） revealed that nearly 100 kilograms of plastic and other trash had formed dumps（硬块）in its digestive system.The tragedy quickly made headlines.Why would a top predator in the ocean eat gloves,rope,and plastic cups?Conventional wisdom suggests that marine animals eat plastic because it i

31、s there and they don*t know any better.lt is true that plastic may smell like food to some of them.But that doesn*t explain why only certain types of whales-deep-diving toothed whales,such as sperm whales and pilot whales-turn up dead on beaches with stomachs full of plastic.It*s possible,says Savoc

32、a,that plastic trash sounds like food to toothed whales.These species hunt deep in the ocean,sometimes nearly 500 meters below the surface,where it*s pitch black。聚 黑）。They use echolocation（回声定位）to hunt for food,typically squid（乌贼By contrast,baleen whales（须鲸），including humpbacks and blue whales,have

33、natural filters（过 滤器）for their food.Baleen,the brush-like filter-feeding system they have in place of teeth,as well as their narrow throats,keeping them from swallowing anything much larger than the krill（磷支科侔） that forms the basis of their diet.That could help explain why baleen whales are not endi

34、ng up with plastic filled stomachs.Fifty years ago,there was almost no plastic in the ocean.The lifespan of a large whale can be twice that long.In the lifetime of a single whale,we went from an ocean with no plastic to hundreds of thousands of tons of it.Plastic comes on top of other factors affect

35、ing life in the ocean-climate change,overfishing,shipping traffic,and noise pollution.its a real shame because their lives are challenging enough even without the additional pressure we put onto themJsays Savoca.What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about?That plastic smells like food to toothed whales.

36、That marine animals started to eat plastic decades ago.That a number of toothed whales are found dead on beaches every year.That conventional wisdom about why marine animals eat plastic doesnt apply to all whales.Which of the following statements DOESNT explain why toothed whales are more easily har

37、med by plastic pollution than baleen whales?They dont feed on krill.They live in the dark depths of the ocean.They are not born with brush-like filter-feeding systems.They don*t determine the location of their food with their eyes.What does the author want to emphasize in the last paragraph?Whales h

38、ave a longer lifespan than humans.Plastic has a negative effect on climate change.Great changes have taken place in the ocean in the past 50 years.Plastic pollution has worsened already serious issues affecting marine life.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?Different diets,d

39、ifferent fatesSilent killers in the oceanPlastic trash in-the oceanSaving whales【答案】8.D9. A 10. D 11. B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲了海洋被垃圾严重污染，大量海洋动物因此死去，恶劣的海洋环 境给动物造成了严重的生存挑战。【8题详解】主旨大意题 根据第二段的首句“Conventional wisdom suggests that marine animals eat plasticbecause it is there and they dont know any better传统观点认为，

40、海洋动物吃塑料是因为塑料就 在那里，它们对此一无所知以及But that doesnt explain why only certain types of whales-deep-diving toothed whales,such as sperm whales and pilot whales-turn up dead on beaches with stomachs full of plastic.但这并不能解释为什么只有某些种类的鲸鱼深潜齿鲸，如抹香鲸和领航鲸一一会胃里满是塑料地死在海滩上。可知第二段主要关于海洋动物为 什么吃塑料的传统观点并不适用于所有的鲸鱼。故答案为Do【9题详解】

41、细力理解题。由第三段plastic trash sounds like food to toothed whales.These specieshunt deep in the ocean,sometimes nearly 500 .where its pitch black。案黑）They use echolocation（回 声定位）to hunt for food,”可知齿鲸处在漆黑的深海，靠回声定位系统捕食，故B、D可以解 释为什么齿鲸更容易吃进塑料：再根据By contrast,baleen whales（须鲸），have natural filters（过 滤器）.the brus

42、h-like filter-feeding system，可知齿鲸没有过滤器,故C也可以解释。综上所 述答案为A。【10题详解】推理判断题 最后一段首句Fifty years ago,there was almost no plastic in the ocean.五十年前， 海洋里几乎没有塑料。再结合本文的主要内容：海洋被垃圾严重污染，大量海洋动物因此 死去，恶劣的海洋环境给动物造成了严重的生存挑战。由此可知作者在最后一段中强调这50 年中海洋生存环境发生的巨大变化。故答案为以【11题详解】主旨大意题。本文的主要内容是：海洋被垃圾严重污染，大量海洋动物因此死去，恶劣的海 洋环境给动物造成了严

43、重的生存挑战。所以短文的最佳标题为“海洋中的沉默杀手”。故答 案为B。DWhile we may think it feels good to complain, complaining has some bad effects associated with it.Why isnt complaining beneficial? Research shows that it connects our brain with negativity.The brain is designed to work efficiently.This means that when we repeat a

44、thought, negative or positive, the nerve cells form a bridge between each other to pass information in a higher speed.Therefore, the next time we have a similar type of thought, it is more easily passed.This explains why certain thought patterns become habits.Yet the harmful effects dont stop there.

45、A study shows that complaining causes the hippocampus（海马区）,which plays a vital role in problem-solving, to become smaller.In addition to causing brain damage, complaining also releases a stress hormone: cortisol, a kind of chemical the body produces when we meet with some danger.Constantly having a

46、high level of cortisol results in high blood pressure, high blood sugar; and lower immunity（免疫力）.The ill effects of our complaining aren*t just limited to ourselves: they also involve those around us.We tend to mirror the moods of our friends.For this reason, we should be cautious about having stubb

47、orn complainers in our circle of companions.The best way to deal with constant negativity is to develop a sense of gratitude（感恩）Just like complaining acts as a poison, gratitude acts as a medicine.Research shows it lowers cortisol levels by 23 percent, as well as reduces blood pressure and blood sug

48、ar.lt also decreases tiredness and depression.Gratitude is the perfect cure for complaining, a behavior that steals our brain power; happiness and physical well-being.What have you observed about the effects of complaining in your own life or in the lives of others? Have you noticed that when you ar

49、e grateful, you feel better all over? Please share your thoughts in the comments section below.What do Para 2-3 mainly talk about?The diseases caused by complaining.The decrease of a vital part of our brain.The bad effects of complaining on brain power.D The reason why certain thought patterns becom

50、e habits.What can we know about cortisol from the passage?Gratitude is an effective cure for Cortisol.Our body produce cortisol when we feel exited.Cortisol is a chemical that can cause brain damage.Having a high level of cortisol can lead to many health problems.What attitude does the writer take t

51、o stubborn complainers?A. Grateful.B. Tolerant.C. Disapproving.D. Skeptical.Where can the passage most probably appear?A. In a newspaper.C. On a website.B. In a medical report.D. In a radio program.【答案】12. C 13. D 14. C 15. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。一项研究表明，抱怨会导致在解决问题时起重要作用的海马区变小。除了 造成大脑损伤，抱怨还会释放一种压力荷尔蒙:皮质醇，持续高水平

52、的皮质醇会导致高血压、 高血糖和免疫力下降。处理持续负而情绪的最好方法是培养一种感恩的意识。【12题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段 Yet the harmful effects dont stop there. A study shows that complaining causes the hippocampus which plays a vital role in problem-solving, to become smaller.（然而，有 害影响还不止于此。一项研究表明，抱怨会导致在解决问题时起重要作用的海马区变小。）以 及第二段主要解释了抱怨如何对大脑产生消极影响的。故可知第2

53、-3段主要谈论抱怨对脑力的 不良影响。故选C。13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句 Constantly having a high level of cortisol results in high blood pressure, high blood sugar, and lower immunity.（持续高水平的皮质醇会导致高血压、高血糖和 免疫力下降。）可知皮质醉水平过高会导致许多健康问题。故选D.【14题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段最后一句For this reason, we should be cautious about having stubborn compla

54、iners in our circle of companions.（基于这个原因，我们应该小心在我们的朋友 圈里有固执的抱怨者。）可知作者对于固执抱怨者的态度是不赞成、反对的。故选C。15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一句 Please share your thoughts in the comments section below.（清 在下面的评论区分享你的想法。）可知文章最有可能是出现在一张网页上。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分125分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。High on the Qinghai-Tib

55、et plateau lies Chinas Water tower“ Sanjiangyuan.16 The three rivers: the Yellow River, the Yangtze River and Lancang River; provide water for about half the population of China. However; human activities such as overgrazing（过度放牧）are putting this ecosystem at risk.7, In 2016, the Chinese government

56、established Sanjiangyuan National Park,which was a pilot（试行）program for Chinas national park svstem. 18 Due to the progress made in the region, Qinghai held the first National Park Forum on Aug 19.Sanjiangyuan National Park is a model of ecoD、otection 19 For example, Herdsmen have given their grassl

57、ands to nature and resettled in urban area. As for wildlife, they are monitored by field conservation stations to keep the environment in good condition.The idea of a national park system is still new in China, but it must be realized. As President Xi wrote in the congratulatory letter to the forum,

58、 Building an ecological civilization bears great significance in the development and progress of human civilization.7 With great efforts, people may one day be able to enjoy themselves in the vast lands of Sanjiangyuan and run freely across the plains alongside natures animals. 20Hopefully, though,

59、we have realized the damage.Its home to the headwater of Chinas three big rivers.Unfortunately, the situation has got worse and worse.It attracts visitors with its fantastic nature beauty and various wildlife.The park has increased the area/s green coverage and attracted more wildlife.Hopefully, the

60、 success of Sanjiangyuan will mark the start of a greener future.The local government has different ways of slowing environmental degradation.【答案】16.B17. A 18. E 19. G 20. F【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国将建立以三江源为龙头的国家公园系统及其重要意义。 【16题详解】根据前句High on the Qinghai-Tibet plateau lies Chinas Water tower Sanjiangyuan.