商务英语翻译之词汇翻译共77页

1、商务英语翻译之词汇翻铎数重增视词词词陈度减房恰字义仪转的的法法法法法择及练习及及练习及练弓申及练习及习词义的选择( Choice of MeanIng.)变化中的词义(热身)a. The expansion or generalization ofmeanIngb. The narrowing or specialization ofmeanIngc. The shift of meaning词义的选择( Choice of MeanIng.)变化中的词义(举例). countdown侧计时扩展为:+分危急的情况fallout赦射惟尘姨扩展为:(不良的)后果economy家庭料理转化为:经济o

2、rientation东方转化为:方向pill片缩小为: contraceptive(pilliquor浪体缩小为:白酒词义的选择(一)根据汉语的表达习惯确定词义(二)根据词性确定词义(三)根据专业来确定词义(四)根据词的搭配关系和上下文来确定词义(一)根据汉语的表达习惯确定词Unet income净收入net profit纯利润net conclusion最终结论1. a low figure小数目2. workers on low incomes收入低的工人3. The simplest way to succeed in business is to buyand sell high.生意

3、成功最简单的途径就是贱买贵卖。4. The value of the pound has fallen to a new low againstthe dollar英镑兑换美元的比值已跌到新的(最)低点。鼓巧点评商务英语翻译不同于文艺作品的翻译,般不讲求文采、韵味、修辞等,而要求把“准确严谨”的原则置于首位;在翻译专业术语和关键词语时,一定要在透彻地理解原文的精神实质的基础上,准确地用符合汉语表达习惯的说法表达出来。(二)根据词性确定词义1. The price quoted include a progressive commission to becalculated on FoB bas

4、is of 2% for a single order for 10dozen or up, 3% for 30 dozen or up报价格包括累进佣金:按所OB价为基础计算,每定单在10打及以上佣金及以上为3%。2. Party B is commissioned by the manufactures to buy steelplates and this contract shall supersede all previouscommitments乙方受制造厂家的委托购买钢板,因此本合同将取代以前的一切承诺由于词性不同,以上两句中的 commission的词义有很大差别。在前句中名词

5、,意思是“佣金”;在后一句中却是动词,意为“委托”或“代理”。稍作引申Regressive累退的2. The Contractor shall be responsible for and shall carry out allmaintenance work during commissioning period.(在试运行期间,承包方应负责进行一切维修工作。)翩译练习1. Arbitration of all questions in dispute under this contractshall be at the choice of either party and shall be

6、 inaccordance with the International arbitration rules ofAmerican Arbitration association对在合同中一切有争议的问题是否付诸仲裁将由任何一方做出选择,并须按照美国仲裁协会的国际仲裁规则进行仲裁2. Our products are manufactured from the choice grades ofmaterial and will satisfy you in every respect我方的产品均用上等材料制成,因此,在各方面都会使贵方满意眼巧点由于以上两句中的 choiceS词性不同,在词义的

7、确定上也有所不同。第一句中的 Choice是名词,意思为“选择”( Act of choosingbetween two or more possibilities;第二句中的 Choice是形睿为“优质的(of very good quality当然,必要时,还可以转换词汇的词性:例如将副词转攘成形容词或介词,名词转换成动词等等.同时,词性的转换也存在着一律。一般而言,英语中多用名词和介词,而中文里多用动词和副词以后将对此进行详细讲解。(三)根据专业来确定词义1. The premium rates vary with differed interests insured2. If the

8、buyer fails to pay any account when due, the buyershall be liable to pay the seller overdue interest on suchunpaid amount from the due date until the actual date ofpayment at the rate of five percent per annum, such overdueinterest shall be paid upon demand of the seller.3. The articles of our immed

9、iate interest are your CHON-HOIbrand Agricultural Washing Machines.以上三句出自三个不同的行业,第一个句子出自保险业,“ interest词在句中的意思是“被保险的货物”;第二个句子的背景是国际贸易“ interes t”的意思是“一方由于未能支付到期的应付款项而向另一方支付的利息”;而第三句属于营销业,此时的“ interes t则应译成“对什么产品、品牌感兴趣”4. In order to be eligible to attend and vote at the sgm of theCompany, all transfe

10、rs of shares (with the relevant sharecertificates) must be lodged with the branch share registrar ofthe Company in Hong Kong by 4: 00 p.m. on Friday, 29November 2019技巧点评原文中 transfers并非单指“过户”或“过户手续”,而是引申为“过户文件”,与其后的 share Certificates(业内通常译作“股份证书”或“股票”)同属实物,事实上也只是实物才可交回股份过户分处。文中的SGM是 Special General Meeting的缩写,即“股