高考英语专题复习：句法结构荟萃经典试题（附详解答案）

1、高考英语专题复习：句法结构荟萃经典试题（附详解答案）名词性从句1. _ is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games took place in Beijing. A. It B. What C. As D. Which2. The last exam was not very difficult. The reason _ his failing it was _ he was much too careless. A. for; that B. for; why C. of; that D. of; because3. The hung

2、ry tiger will quietly come up _ is food for him and then make a sudden attack on it. A. with which B. to what C. with whatever D. to whatever4. _ my daughter will go to a key university next year is _ I m concerned about. A: Whether; what B. How; that C. If; that. D. When; what5. _ David says sounds

3、 right to Helen. Thats _ she has made up her mind to marry him. A. No matter what; because B. Whatever; why C. No matter which; because D. Whichever; why6. It was the belief _ he would succeed sooner or later _ made him work hard day and night. A. that; where B. where; that C. that; that D. how; whi

4、ch7. I never doubted _ my parents will help me out. A. why B. whether C. that D. when8. We will support _ will take over the company as our new manager. A. whatever B. whomever C. whoever D. whichever9. _ surprised me most was _ a boy of 17 had had three novels published. A. That; what B. What; that

5、 C. That; that D. What; what10. _ the information was stolen or deliberately leaked to the press is not clear. A. That B. Whether C. If D. How11. There are signs _ restaurants are becoming more popular with families. A. that B. which C. in which D. where12. It is our belief _ we work with a strong w

6、ill, we can overcome any difficulty, however great it is. A. whether B. that C. that if D. that whether13. The reason _ so many people were killed in the big fire is _ the building was built without any fire escapes. A. because; because B. because; that C. that; why D. why; that14. _ is well known i

7、s that the famous French footballer has retired. A. It B. As C. What D. That15. The question _ we should go on with the work must be decided at once. A. whether B. if C. that D. which 16. I feel I have a good desk-mate, for _ he is good at is _ Im weak, and we can help each other. A. that; where B.

8、what; what C. what; where D. that; what17. Few teachers would share the view _ the English language is more difficult than any other one in the world. A. that B. which C. what D. as18. _ that Hurricane Betty is now approaching the coast of Florida. A. What is reported B. What reports C. It is report

9、ed D. It reports19. _ smokes in this hall will be fined. A. Who B. Whomever C. Anyone D. Whoever20. After _ seemed like hours he came out with a bitter smile. A. which B. it C. what D. that21. There is much chance _ the sick child will get well. A. that B. which C. if D. until22. Could I speak to _

10、is in charge of the design of the new building, please? A. anyone B. someone C. whoever D. no matter who23. The fact _ the Chinese football team had won the match made all of us excited. A. which B. that C. when D. what24. There is some doubt _ John will come on time. A. that B. whether C. which D.

11、when25. Determination is a kind of basic quality and this is _ it takes to do anything well. A. that B. why C. which D. what26. Although we havent seen him for thirty years, I still remember the experience, believe it or not, _ we spent a rainy night together with him in a cave. A. which B. that C.

12、what D. when27. It is none of your business _ your child does, but as a mom you are always worried about him. A. how B. what C. which D. when28. We have received the information _ Grant may have left the country. A. when B. that C. which D. what29. _ excuse Tom makes will not be believed because he

13、always tells lies. A. No matter what B. Whatever C. No matter how D. However30. There is no doubt _ the Great Wall of China is one of the biggest man-made structures on earth. A. which B. what C. that D. whether31. She was so angry and spoke so fast that none of us understood _ he said meant.A. that

14、 B. what C. that that D. what what32. Everyone knows that _ is dangerous to play with fire, but _ is difficult is to prevent children from playing with fire.A. it, it B. what, what C. it, what D. what, it33. -I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.-Thats _ I dont agree

15、 .You should have a more active life. (2010年高考江苏卷)A. where B. how C. when D. what34. Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was _ it was rather closely modeled on his own life. (2010年高考北京卷) A. what B. that C. why D. whether35. How much one enjoys himself travellin

16、g depends largely on he goes with，whether his friends or relatives.(2010年高考四川卷)A. what B. who C. how D. why w_w*w.k_s*5_u.c_o m36. When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know _. (2010年高考上海卷) A. he is entering which lane B. which lane he is enteringC. is he e

17、ntering which lane D. which lane is he entering37. Before the sales start, I make a list of _ my kids will need for the coming season. (2010年高考山东卷) A. why B. what C. how D. which38. -Have you finished the book?-No, Ive read up to _ the children discover the secret cave. (2010年高考全国卷)A. which B. what

18、C. that D. where39. We should respect food and think about the people who dont have we have here and treat food nicely. (2010年高考福建卷)A. that B. which C. what D. whether40. I want to be liked and loved for _ I am inside. (2010年高考北京卷) A. who B. where C. what D. how41. At first he hated the new job but

19、decided to give himself a few months to see _ it got any better. (2009年高考北京卷)A. when B. how C. why D. if42. A good friend of mine from _ I was born showed up at my home right before I left for Beijing. (2009年高考安徽卷)A. how B. whom C. when D. which43. As a new diplomat, he often thinks of _ he can reac

20、t more appropriately on such occasions. (2009年高考上海卷) A. what B. which C. that D. how 44. It is obvious to the students _ they should get well prepared for their future. (2009年高考天津卷)A. as B. which C. whether D. that45. Could I speak to _ is in charge of International Sales please? (2009年高考全国卷)A. who

21、B. what C. whoever D. whatever46. We havent discussed yet _ we are going to place our new furniture. (2010年高考全国卷) A. that B .which C. what D. where47. As a new graduate, he doesnt know it takes to start a business here. (2010年高考天津卷)A. how B. what C. When D. which 48. Cindy shut the door heavily and

22、burst into tears. No one in the office knew she was so angry. (2010年高考湖南卷) A. where B. whether C. that D. why 49. News came from the school office _Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University. (2009年高考四川卷)A. which B. what C. that D. where50. Many young people in the West are expected to leave _

23、 could be lifes most important decision - marriage - almost entirely up to luck. (2009年高考江苏卷)A. as B. that C. which D. what51. She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do _ it takes to save her life. (2009年高考湖南卷)A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whoever52. We should consider the student

24、s request _ the school library provide more books on popular science. (2009年高考重庆卷)A. that B. when C. which D. where53. Life is like a long race _ we compete with others to go beyond ourselves. (2009年高考重庆卷)A. why B. what C. that D. where54. It is immediately clear _ the financial crisis will soon be

25、over. (2009年高考上海卷)A. since B. what C. when D. whether 55. The how to book can be of help to_ wants to do the job. (2009年高考陕西卷) A. who B. whomever C. no matter who D. whoever名词性从句解析1. 【解析】答案为B。根据句子分析，第二个is 前面的_ is known to us all为主语从句，句中缺少主语，根据句意分析，应该选择能充当成分的What。2. 【解析】答案为A。the reason for (doing) st

26、h. 做某事的原因；the reason作主语，表语从句往往用that引导。3. 【解析】答案为D。 come up to走近，接近；come up with提出（问题、建议等）。根据句意，这只老虎很饥饿，它会悄悄地靠近任何在它看来是食物的东西，然后向它发起突然的袭击。whatever引导的从句作介词to的宾语。4. 【解析】答案为A。根据句意及句子结构，第一空应由whether引导主语从句（if作“是否”讲时，不能引导主语从句）。第二空what引导表语从句，what在从句中作about的宾语。5. 【解析】答案为B。根据句子结构及句意，第一个空由whatever来引导一个主语从句，“no m

27、atter + 特殊疑问词”通常只能引导状语从句，第二个空由why引导表语从句，表示“是的原因”。6. 【解析】答案为C。句意：是他迟早会成功的信念使他日日夜夜努力地工作着。第一空用that引导同位语从句，说明belief的内容；第二空为强调句中的that。7. 【解析】答案为C。在肯定句中，doubt之后的宾语从句可以由if / whether / that来引导。在否定句中，doubt之后的宾语从句只能用that来引导。8. 【解析】答案为C。根据句子结构可看出是对主语从句的考查，因从句中缺主语且指人，故选C项。9. 【解析】答案为B。第一空是what 引导的主语从句，what在主语从句中

28、作主语。第二空是that引导的表语从句，that在表语从句中通常不省略，不作成分，也没有实在含义。10. 【解析】答案为B。句意: 这条信息是被人窃取的还是有人故意透露给新闻界的，目前还不清楚。whether 意为“是否”，引导主语从句时，既可以直接位于句首,也可以借助先行主语it把从句放到句子后部去。11. 【解析】答案为A。该句为there be句型，signs为中心词（作主语），that后引导的句子为其同位语从句。 12. 【解析】答案为C。本句为含有主语从句的复合句,其中it作形式主语,that if we work with . 作真正的主语,however great it is在

29、从句中作让步状语。句意:我们相信只要下定决心去工作,不管多么难的问题我们都能解决。13. 【解析】答案为 D。本句主句为the reason is .,其中,why / that引导定语从句修饰reason, that the building was built . 是that引导的表语从句。14. 【解析】答案为C。what is well known是由what引导的主语从句,且what在从句中作主语,that the famous French footballer has retired是由that引导的表语从句。本句话也可以改写成It is well known that the

30、famous French footballer has retired.或As is well known, the famous French footballer has retired.15. 【解析】答案为A。句意：我们需要立刻决定是否该继续工作。whether意为“是否”，引导同位语从句，而if一般不引导同位语从句。16. 【解析】答案为C。主语从句中介词at缺宾语，故第一个空用what；表语从句中缺地点状语，故第二个空用where。17. 【解析】答案为A。这里that引导view的同位语从句。18. 【解析】答案为C。that引导的是主语从句，it作形式主语。report常用于

31、it is + 过去分词 + that从句，意为“据报道”。19. 【解析】答案为D。 whoever意为“任何的人都；凡是的人都（=anyone who）”，在所引导的从句中作主语。 20. 【解析】答案为C。after 在此处是介词，what (=the time that) 引导宾语从句。21. 【解析】答案为A。much chance意为“很大的可能性”，后接that 引导的同位语从句，that在从句中不充当句子成分。22. 【解析】答案为C。句中to为介词，其后跟名词性从句，而句中又缺少主语和关联词，故选择C项，whoever = anyone who。no matter who只能

32、引导让步状语从句。23. 【解析】答案为B。此句考查that引导同位语从句，具体说明the fact的内容。24. 【解析】答案为B。doubt用于肯定句时，后常跟if / whether引导的从句；用于否定句和疑问句时，后常跟that引导的从句。25. 【解析】答案为D。what引导表语从句，且作take的宾语。句意为：决心是一种基本的品质，这正是做好一切事情所需要的。26. 【解析】答案为B。这是一个分隔同位语从句，we spent a rainy night together with him in a cave是experience的同位语从句，因此用that引导。27. 【解析】答案

33、为B。It 为形式主语，真正的主语是what引导的主语从句。28. 【解析】答案为B。that引导同位语从句，说明information的内容。29. 【解析】答案为B。whatever引导主语从句。no matter what通常只引导让步状语从句，不引导名词性从句。30. 【解析】答案为C。Theres no doubt that .为固定句式，意为“毫无疑问”，其中，that引导同位语从句，说明doubt的内容。句意为：毫无疑问，中国的长城是世界上最大的人造工程之一。31. D。其中第一个what 用作动词 meant 的宾语，第二个what 用作动词 said 的宾语，即在 none

34、of us understood what what he said meant 中，none of us understood 为主句，what what he said meant 为宾语从句，而在此宾语从句中又包括有 what he said 这样一个主语从句。假若去掉句末的meant，则答案就是B了。32. C。第一空填形式主语，真正的主语是其后的不定式 to play with fire；而第二空应填 what，what is difficult 是主语从句，注意 what is difficult 后的谓语动词 is。33.【解析】答案A。考查名词性从句中的表语从句。agree 为

35、不及物动词，where在表语从句中作状语。句意是：-在周日我喜欢整日把自己关在屋里听音乐。-这就是我不同意的地方。你因该生活得更加有活力。34.【解析】答案B。考查表语从句。that 引导的从句作was的表语，说明Part of the reason的内容。句意为：查尔狄更斯喜欢他自己的小说大卫科波菲尔的部分原因是小说严格仿造他本人的真实生活。35.【解析】答案B。考查介词后的宾语从句。根据句末的 whether his friends or relatives可知应是和谁去，故选B。句意为：一个人旅游享受多大快乐在很大程度上取决于他和谁去，无论是他的朋友还是亲戚。36.【解析】答案B。考查宾

36、语从句。which引导的句子做know的宾语，句子用陈述语序。句意为：当转车道时，司机应当使用方向灯让其他司机知道他要进入哪个车道。37.【解析】答案B。考查宾语从句的引导词。分析句式结构可知，空格处在句中引导宾语从句且在从句中充当need的宾语，所以B项结构正确。which 引导名词性从句时多表示疑问且要有一个明确的范围。句意为: 在大甩卖开始前，我把孩子们在下个季节里要用到的东西列了一个清单。38.【解析】答案D。考查宾语从句。up to为介词结构，后接宾语从句；而句意是“读到孩子们发现秘密洞穴的地方”，故用where引导这个宾语从句最合适。39.【解析】答案C。考查宾语从句。what引导

37、宾语从句，且what在宾语从句中作宾语。故选C项。句意为：我们应该珍惜粮食。要想到有的人不像我们还有吃的，所以我们要爱惜粮食。40.【解析】答案C。考查宾语从句。what引导的从句作介词for的宾语，what 在从句中作表语。句意为：我想让别人因为我的内在品质而喜爱我。41.【解析】答案D。考查宾语从句的引导词的选择。此处用if引导宾语从句。句意是：最初他不喜欢这件新工作，但是他决定给自己几个月的时间来看一下这件工作是否会变得更好。42.【解析】答案C。考查宾语从句。from 后面的句子是宾语从句，when在这个从句中作时间状语。句意是：就在我准备去北京前,我儿时的一位好朋友到我家里来了。43

38、.【解析】答案D。考查宾语从句用法。此处how引导的从句作of的宾语。句意是：作为一名外交官，他经常考虑着如何在这样的场合表现得更得体。44.【解析】答案D。考查主语从句的用法。分析句子结构可以看出it为形式主语，代替that they should get well prepared for their future，并且本句意思完整，故选D。句意是：他们应该为将来做好准备，这一点对学生们来说是清楚的。45.【解析】答案C。考查连接代词。这里的whoever相当于anybody that，它既是主句的宾语，也是宾语从句的引导词。句意是: 请找负责国际销售的人接电话好吗?46.【解析】答案D。

39、考查名词性从句。分析句子成分后可知在宾语从句中缺少地点状语，故用where引导。句意为：我们还没有讨论好把新家具放在哪里。47.【解析】答案B。考查名词性从句。空格后的从句中takes是动词，其后缺少宾语，所以引导该宾语从句的连接词要用what。句意是：作为一名新毕业生，他不知道需要什么才能在这里开始经营。48.【解析】答案D。考查名词性从句。why引导宾语从句，又在从句中作原因状语。句意为：辛蒂重重地关上了门并突然哭了起来。办公室中没人知道她为什么如此生气。49.【解析】答案C。考查名词性从句的用法。在该题中that引导同位语从句来解释说明news的内容，由于该题同位语从句后置，容易错误选择

40、D项。句意是：从学校办公室传来消息，王林已经被北大录取了。50.【解析】答案D。考查名词性从句。“_ could be life s most important decision”是leave的宾语从句，从句缺少主语，因此用what。句意是：许多西方年轻人被期望着把人生中最重要的抉择婚姻，几乎完全交由幸运之神掌握。51.【解析】答案C。考查名词性从句。句中缺少宾语，选项中只有whatever符合句意可引导宾语从句作动词do的宾语并在从句中充当动词take to的宾语。句意是：她对我们很重要。我们已经做好了尽一切努力挽救她的生命的准备。52.【解析】答案A。考查名词性从句。从句句子结构完整，因

41、此用that引导。句意是：我们应当考虑一下学生们的要求：学校图书馆应该多提供些关于科普方面的书籍。53.【解析】答案D。考查名词性从句。先行词race在定语从句中作地点状语需加介词in，因此用where。句意是：人生像一场长跑比赛，我们在比赛中和他人竞争以超越自己。54.【解析】答案D。考查名词性从句。根据句意，whether此处为是否之意，故选whether连接的从句做主语，it为形式主语。句意是：金融危机是否能尽快过去仍未明朗。55.【解析】答案D。考查名词性从句。此处从句做介词to的宾语，是名词性从句，引导词做从句的主语，指人，意思是：句意是：如何做这本书对任何想做这个工作的人都是有帮助

42、的。定语从句1. Robert went to Shanghai in his twenties _ several years later, he became a company director. A. when B. where C. which D. who2. The kind-hearted couple decided to adopt the boy _ parents had been killed in an accident. A. whose B. who C. with whom D. his3. Last week our school put on an Eng

43、lish play _ Jim acted an important part. A. which B. when C. where D. what4. The boss, _company Ma King worked ten years ago, looked down upon women. A. in which B. in that C. in whose D. whose5. Hangzhou, _ we paid a visit last spring, is one of the most beautiful cities in China. A. which B. where

44、 C. to there D. from which6. Many people like to chat online, _, as most of them think, they can express themselves freely. A. which B. there C. that D. where7. This is an important subject _ we might argue for a long time. A. about it B. with which C. about which D. with it8. These old pictures bri

45、ng to their mind the college days _ they spent together, _ life was hard but happy. A. which; when B. when; which C. which; which D. when; when9. The reason _ he gave for his second visit to the city was simply _ he admired the sights here so much. A. why; that B. why; why C. which; that D. which; w

46、hy10. A new type of car is on sale on the market, _ makes it attractive to young people. A. its low price B. what low price C. the low price of which D. the low price of it11. It is in the factory _ youre going to pay a visit to _ this kind of computer is made. A. /; that B. where; that C. /; where

47、D. that; which12. We are in a difficult situation _ we dont develop new products, we will end up closing our doors. A. if B. where C. if where D. where if13. Mr. Wilson has been to many cities in China, _he thinks, Shanghai has impressed him most. A. with which B. in which C. of which D. on which14.

48、 You can hardly imagine the rate _ his car has been running on the freeway. A. with which B. to which C. at which D. for which15. Sometimes our success depends on _ we are lucky or not and sometimes it depends on the manner _we conduct our life.A. whether; of which B. whether; in which C. that; by w

49、hich D. that; for which16. Its dangerous for you to use a kind of medicine _. A. that you are allergic to B. that is allergic to you C. which is allergic for you D. which you are allergic for17. Such people _ were invited to the party showed no special interest in the soup he specially made for them

50、, _ made him upset. A. who; that B. as; that C. who; which D. as; which18. I often think of the hours _ I stayed with you, _ have a great effect on my life. A. /; which B. which; who C. which; that D. when; which19. I shall never forget those days _ I lived in the city with the workers, _ has had a

51、great effect on my life. A. which; that B. which; which C. when; which D. when; who20. This is one of the most exciting football games _ I have ever seen. A. where B. that C. what D. which21. We were deeply impressed by the teachers and the schools _ we had visited there. A. which B. whom C. who D.

52、that22. The girl _ we met yesterday is a film star, _ played the leading role in the film _we saw last time. A. when; who; which B. that; that; / C. /; who; / D. that; that; that23. It is the second school _ I used to work at, many teachers of _ still have a good relation with me. A. which; that B.

53、where; that C. that; that D. that; which24. _ was known to them, the manager had broken his promise _ he would give them a rise. A. As; what B. It; that C. It; what D. As; that25. When you visit his family, you may chat for an hour or so, _ not even a cup of coffee or a glass of water is offered. A.

54、 by this time B. by which time C. during this time D. during which time26. There are some cases _ students obviously know the school rules but dont obey them. A. why B. where C. as D. which27. The expert offered us another piece of advice, _ of great help to our program. A. I think it is B. I think

55、which is C. which I think it is D. which I think is28. He hid in a nearby palm tree, _ he could see the patrols searching for him. A. from where B. from which C. there D. which29. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around _ I can get some medicine for my wounded ha

56、nd?”A. that B. which C. where D. what30. They lost their way in the forest, and _ made matters worse was that night began to fall.A. it B. which C. that D. what31. _ medicine works in a human body is a question _ not everyone can understand fully. A. How; that B. That; which C. That; which D. What;

57、that32. All the neighbors admire this family, _the parents are treating their child like a friend. （2008年高考安徽卷） A. why B. where C. which D. that33. By nine oclock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, _ appeared a rare rainbow soon. （2008年高考福建卷） A. of which B. on wh

58、ich C. from which D. above which34. For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread out further, _ New York is an example. （2008年高考四川卷） A. for which B. in which C. of which D. from which35. We went through a period _communications were very difficult in the rural areas. (2008年高考上海卷)A. which

59、 B.whose C. in which D. with which36. The man pulled out a gold watch, _ were made of small diamonds. （2008年高考陕西卷） A. the hands of whom B. whom the hands of C. which the hands of D. the hands of which37. Occasions are quite rare _ I have the time to spend a day with my kids. （2008年高考山东卷）A. who B. wh

60、ich C. why D. when38. The Science Museum, _ we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of Londons tourist attractions. 2008年高考江苏卷A. whichB. whatC. that D. where39. In China, the number of cities is increasing _ development is recognized across the world. (2010年高考重庆卷)A. whereB. whichC. whose