第09天虚拟语气与情态动词-2014年全国重点中学高考英语考前赢分30

1、一、can/could 与 be able to1can/could 用来表示“一般能力”；be able to 有多种时态，且用来表示在特定条件下的“具体能力”。如：My grandma is over seventy，but she can still read without glasses.They will be able tol you the news soon.He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out.2表示允用 can 或 could，与 may/might 意义接近。could 可用于现在时，只是语气更加委婉、客

2、气，回答时则一般要用can 而不用could。Could I have theevion?Yes，you can./No，you cant.二、may 与 might1表示允许，意为“可以，”，用法基本上同can 与 could。如：May I use your bicycle?2表示可能性，意为“也能”。如：According to the weather forecast, it may raomorrow.3may 可以放在句首，表示祝愿。如：May good luck be yours!三、must 与 have to1must 用来表示说话人的看法；have to 表示客观的需要，强

3、调外界压力，不得已而为之。如：He saidt they must work hard。他说他们必须努力工作。(上要做这件事)My brother was ill, so I had to call the doctorhe middle of the night.我弟弟生病了，我只得半夜里把医生请来。(客观上需要做这件事)2表示“不必”，须用donve to 或 neednt。must 的否定式表示“，绝对不可”。如：You donve tol him about it.你不必那件事。You musl him about it.你绝不能那件事。Must wet now?须现在做吗？No, y

4、ou neednt.不，不必。四、shall1用于第一、第三人称的疑问句中，用来征求对方的意见或请求指示。如：What shall he do next?他下一步干什么呢？2用于第二、第三人称的陈述句中，表示说话人的意愿，有“命令、警告、允诺、威胁、强制”等意思。如：He shall stay in bed.他必须躺在。You shall have it back nextk.下周一定还你。He says he wont go, but I say he shall.他说他不去，但我说他必须去。五、will 与 would1will 用于各种人称，表示“意志、意愿”或“决心”等。如：If yo

5、u will keep your watch half an hour slow, it is hardly surprisingt you are late for your appoments.如果你想要让你的表慢半个小时，你时就不足为怪了。2will 表示性的动作， 有“总是，惯于”的含义。如：An Englishman will usually show you the wayhe street.英国人通常是会在街上给你指路的。3would 可表示过去反复发生的动作。如：On Sundayd get up early and go fishing.天他总是早起去。六、should 与

6、ought to1should 表示“建议”或“劝告”，有“应该”之意。如：You should learn from each other.2ought to 表示根据某种义务或必要“应当”做某事。如：Everyone ought to obey the traffic regulations.3should 和 ought to 也可用来表示推测，意为“想必会”。如：When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon.They should be ready by 12 00.七、情态动词表示推测1can 用于肯定句

7、中表示客观的可能性，意为“有时会”；用于疑问句中可以表示推测，意为“可能”，有时表示一种惊讶的语气；用于否定句中也可以表示推测，cant 意为“不可能”，语气很强烈。It is usually warmy hometownarch, but it can be rather cold sometimes.家乡在三月份通常很暖和，但有时候也会相当冷。Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How can it bet he was late for the meeting?先生做什么事情都很准时，他怎么可能开会呢？Lets visit Tom together,

8、Stephen.Theres no need to do so. He cant be at home, because I saw him board the flight to Beijing this morning.Stephen，咱们一起拜访吧。没必要这样做。他一定不在家，因为早晨我看见他登上了飞往的航班。2may/might 用于肯定句中可以用来表示不十分肯定的推测，意为“有可能”；用于否定句中也可以表示推测，may not 意为“可能不”，表示一种不太确定的语气。The traffic is heavy these days. I might arrive a bit late,

9、 so could you save me a place?这些天交通很繁忙，我可能会来晚一点，请你帮我保留个位置好吗？3must 表示推测时只能用于肯定句中，意为“一定，必定”，表示十分肯定的语气(在疑问句中或否定句中要用 can/could)。Its the office! So you must know eating is not allowed here.Oh, sorry.这是！所以你一定知道这里不许吃东西。噢，对不起。4should 用来表示推测时意为“应该”，即含有“按道理来说应当如此”的意思。There shouldnt be any difficulty about pas

10、sing the road test since you have practiced a lothe driving school.因为你在驾校训练了这么多，通过路考应该没什么。八、“情态动词have done”结构1should/ought tohave done，表示“过去本应该做而(实际)没有做的事情”，含有责备或遗憾的语气，意为“本应该”。其否定形式为“should not/ought not to havedone”，表示某种行为本不该发生但实际上发生了。I shouldnve watchedt movieitll give me horrible dreams.我本不应该看那部它

11、会令我做噩梦。You ought to have come to the party yesterday, but why didnt you come?昨天你本来应该参加聚会的，你为什么不来？2musve done，用于肯定句，表示“过去一定做过某事”，表示一种很有把握的推测。注意，对过去发生的情况的否定推测常用“cant/couldnve done”表示。Ye Shiwen won two gold medals in London Olympic Games.She musve gone through tough training.叶诗文在伦敦奥运会获得了两枚金牌。她肯定受到严格的训练

12、。Do you know where David is? I couldnt find him anywhere.Well. He canve gone farhis coats still here.你知道在哪里吗？我到处找不到他。的上衣还在这里，因此他肯定没走远。3neednve done，表示“过去没有必要做某事，但实际上做了某事”。Mark neednve hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.本没必要那么匆忙。他以最快速度开车，结果早到了半个小时。4may/mighve done，表示对过

13、去情况的一种不太有把握的可能性的推测，表示“可能已做了某事”，否定句表示“可能还没有”。Sorry, Im late. I mighve turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.对不起，我了。我可能把闹钟关掉后又睡着了。5couldhave done 表示“过去本来可以做某事，但实际上没有做”；can/couldhave done 表示“过去可能做了某件事”。I could have saved the poor rabbit, but I didnve the right drugs with me att moment

14、.我本来可以拯救那只的兔子的，我当时没有合适的药品。九、虚拟语气在虚拟条件句中的用法虚拟情况从句谓语主句谓语例句1.在具体运用中，条件从句中有时可省略 if 而采用倒装结构。如：Had it not been for your help, we wouldnve achieved so much.2介词 without/but for、连词 but、副词 otherwise 常用来表示某种假设条件。如：I wouldnve made such raprogress without your help.3有时候从句动作和主句动作发生的时间不一致，这时谓语动词的形式要根据各自的时间来调整。如：If

15、 the weather had been more favourable, the crops would be growing still better.十、“should动词”表示的虚拟语气这一类型常见词有“一坚持(insist)、二命令(order,d)、三建议(advise, suggest, proe) 、四要求(request,require, demand, desire)”。以上词及其派生名词所接的名词性从句都使用“(should)动词”的虚拟语气。Janes pale face suggestedt she was ill, and her mother suggested

16、t she(should) have a medicalexamination.简苍白的脸色表明她病了，她母亲建议她去检查身体。She insistedt the man had stolen her car andt he(should) be sent to prison.她坚持说那个偷了车，并坚决要求他坐牢。十一、特殊句式中的虚拟语气If only/Its (high) time (t).wish/wouldrather/as if 等固定句式要求用相应的虚拟语气表达形式。I wish I could fly.与现在事实相反过去式(be 用 were)would/ should/ cou

17、ld/mightdoIf he were here, he might be able to help. What would youf you were in his place？与过去事 实相反had donewould/ should/ could/mighthave doneIf I had started a little earr, I would have caught the train.I could have done it better if I had been more careful.与将来事 实相反过去式 were to do/ should dowould/ s

18、hould/ could/mightdoIf I were tot, I wouldt in a different way. I would certainly go if I had time.真希望我能飞。I would rather you came tomorrow.我宁愿你明天来。If only I had taken your advice!要是听从了你的建议该多好啊！例 1、 The door open, no matter how hard she pushed.A. shouldntB. couldntC. wouldntD. migh例 3、Imyself moreit

19、wasrfect day.A.shouldnve enjoyedB. neednve enjoyedC.wouldnve enjoyedD. couldnve enjoyed例 4、 - You neednt take an umbrella. It isnt going to rain.- Well, I dont know. It do.A. might B. need C. would D. should【】A【】根据 I dont know.可知，答句中含有不确定的口气，因此应当选择“可能”，即 A 项。句意为，-你不需要带雨伞，不会下雨的。-额，我不知道，有可能要下雨的。Need 意

20、为需要，would意为将要、会，should 意为应当。其中 would 和 should 都有比较有把握，肯定的含义，故排除。例 5、If we a table earr, we couldnt be standing here in a queue.A. have bookedB. bookedC. book D. had booked例 6、Do you think Gee has passed the driving test?No. If so, he his car to our college yesterday.A. would driveB. droveC. would ha

21、ve driven D. had driven例 8、I should nove laughed if I you were serious.A. thoughtB. would thinkC. had thoughtD. have thought例 9、When I was a child, I watch TV whenever I wanted to.A. shouldB. couldC. mustD. need【】B【】句意为：孩提时，看电视就能看电视。根据题干意思，需用一个情态动词表 对于过去的一般性允许，即表示随时都可以做某事，用can 的过去式 could。should该（很大的

22、可能性）must 必须，一定 need 需要，必要例 10、-Why are your eyes so red? You have slept well last night.A. cantB. musC. needntD. wont-Yeah, I stayed up late writing a report.例 12、No one be more generous; he has a heart of gold.A. couldB. mustC. dareD. need例 14、 What are young this Saturday? Im not sure, but Igo to

23、the Rolling Stones concertA. mustB. wouldC. shouldD. might【】D。是 Im not sure.既然不确定，那就是不能说必须，将，应该，排除选项 A，B，C。【】本题的例 15、It be the vocabularyt caused you the problemhe exercise because you know a lot ofwords.B. couldntD. needntA. mayC. should例 16、I to my cousins birthday party last night, but I was not

24、availableA. wentB. had goneC. would goD. would have gone1（2014 届福建省龙岩市高三毕业班教学质量检查英语试卷） Mary, do remember to bring your e-dictionary tomorrow Sure. 1wouldnt if youme.A. dont remindB. didnt remindChavent remindedD. hadnt reminded2（2014 届辽宁省大连市第三中学高三上学期期末英语试卷）-Did you make ilast?-Yes. But for your help

25、, ita serious loss.A. would causeB. musve causedC. might causeD. would have caused3（2014 届广西桂林中学高三 2 月月考英语试卷）nk God! The accident was avoided after all.t was lucky, but ten inches nearer the two cars ?A. was destroyedB. would be destroyedC. would have been destroyedD. had been destroyed4（2014 届浙江省六校

26、（省一级重点校）高三 3 月联考英语试卷） Hows your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful? It be, but it is now heavily polluted.A. willB. wouldC. shouldD. must5（2014 届江苏省苏州市高三 1 月调研测试英语试卷）We goty fathers car and headed straight home and,I surely would have been stuckhe sionfor several days.A. had I notB. did I n

27、otC. if I didntD. if I had6（2014 届江苏省苏州市高三 1 月调研测试英语试卷）China Hengdawell have won the football match, but I dont know because I wasnt there.A. couldB. mayC. should D. must7（2014 届湖南省怀化市高三第一次英语试卷）You get two tickets of Despicable Me , as I have promised .A. mayB. canC. needD. shall8（2014 届福建省福州八中高三第六次

28、质检英语试卷）Do you think Gee has passed the drivin g test?No. If so, he his car to our college yesterday.A. would driveB. droveC. would have drivenD. had driven9（2014 届浙江省杭州二中高三第五次（3 月）月考英语试卷）He hesied for a moment before kicking the ball; otherwise, he a goal.A. would scoreB. scoredC. would have scoredD

29、. had scored10（2014 届福建省市泉港区中学高三上学期期中英语试卷）So far is been suggestedt spel stress on pre-school education.A. is laidB. be laidC. has been laidD. have been laid11（2014 届省七中高三二诊模拟英语试卷）Im verygry. Get me something to eat; anything do.A. willB. shouldC. mustD. can12（2014 届陕西安一中高新一大附中师大附中西安中学高三一模英语卷）But fo

30、r thoseerruptions, the meeting half an hour ago.A. was finishedB. would have finishedC. would finishD. had been finished13（2014 届江西省红色六校高三第二次联考英语试卷）We would have to put off the visit to the Water Cube it raomorrow.A. WouldB. WereC. ShouldD. Could14（2014 届陕西省西安市第一中学高三下学期第二次英语试卷）The examination result

31、ggestedt I in poor health,so the doctor suggestedt Imore exercises toimprove it.A.was;tookB.was;takeC.be;tookD.be;take15（2014 届省苍溪中学高三下学期月考英语试卷）-Dad, I am too tired and feel too much prere on my minde on!ts the life of Senior Three, but if you are admitted to a key University, youget an5s as a gift.

32、A. mustB. shallC. willD. might16（2014 届省桐城市第十中学高三上学期第一次月考英语试卷）Attention, please. All of you students remainheir seats until all the prs have been collected.A. canB. willC. mayD. shall17（2014 届省桐城市第十中学高三上学期第一次月考英语试卷） it raomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to thepu Bridge.A. WereB. ShouldC.

33、WouldD. Will18（2014 届福建省五中莆田一中漳州一中高三上学期期末联考英语试卷）In order to do something meaningful, its nesaryt you determine what is really important.A. mustB. willC. needD. should19（2014 届福建省市高三 1 月质量检查英语试卷）Its so cold todayIf it should get warmer this afternoon，Imy carAwould have washed Bwould wash Cmusve washe

34、d Dmust wash20（2014 届银川九中高三第一次英语试卷） he me the news yesterday, I would be at the party now.A. Should,lB. Did,lC. Had, toldD. Were, tol21（2014 届湖南省衡阳市八中高三第六次月卷）The politin has been warnedt he would be gettingo great trouble stick to his standpo.A. were he to B. he willC. he was toD. would he22（2014 届福

35、建省漳州市芗城中学高三 12 月第四次月考英语试卷）The petrolis empty. I it up before we left home.A.had to fillB.would have filledC.should have filledD.could have filled23（2014 届省绵阳市高中高三第二次性英语试卷）Our teachers often suggest we take it easy when facing any difficulty.A. hadB. couldC. wouldD. should24（2014 届江西省赣州市六校高三上学期期末联考英语试卷）We used to workhe same office and we have coffee together.A. shouldB. wouldC. couldD. might25（2014 届省郑州市第四中学高三上学期第六次调考英语试卷）Tony full marks, but he was so careless as to make a spelling mistake.A. could have gain