人教版英语必修五unit1Language-points

1、Language Points重点难点探究词汇精研1 Who put forward a theory about black holes?谁提出的黑洞理论？品味经典He _ _a very good suggestion at the meeting.他在会上提了一个很好的建议。The suggestion _ _by our teacher proved to be very practical.由我们的老师提出的建议证明是非常实用的。 put forwardput forward【助记】自我探究put forward意为提出(计划、建议等)。归纳拓展He came up with a g

2、ood idea at the meeting.他在会上提出了一个好主意。The question came up at the meeting.这个问题在会议上被提出。牛刀小试翻译句子(1)他拒绝了委员会提出的所有建议。_答案：He rejected all the proposals put forward by the committee.用适当的介、副词填空(2)The plan that you put _ at the meeting is wonderful.(3)Many tall buildings were put _ along the road.(4)Firefight

3、ers have been called to put _ the fire in the city centre.(5)He has a little money to put _ for a rainy day.(6)Dont put _ until tomorrow what can be done today.答案：(2)forward(3)up(4)out(5)aside(6)off2 Draw a conclusion得出结论品味经典It is difficult to_ _ _ _.很难得出一个清楚的结论。You should bring the matter to an ear

4、ly_.你应该把事情早日了结。draw a clear conclusionconclusion自我探究conclusion n结论；结束。它的动词形式是conclude。归纳拓展_ _，I would like to say how much I have enjoyed myself today.总而言之，我想说我今天玩得很开心。He _his speech by reading a poem.他以朗诵一首诗结束了他的演讲。What can you _fromthese facts?从这些事实中你能得出什么结论？In conclusionconcludedconclude牛刀小试完成句子他

5、用有力的证据得出这个结论，并在会议上展示。He _ and presented it at the conference.答案：drew the conclusion with the supporting evidence3 JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA”约翰斯诺战胜“霍乱王”品味经典The army _the enemy in the end.军队最终战胜了敌人。Tom suffered _in the English examination.汤姆英语考试中失败了。defeateddefeat自我探究defeat vt.打败；战胜；使受挫n失败。易混辨析d

6、efeat，beat，windefeat表示在战斗、竞争、比赛、辩论中击败对手宾语是对手beat主要指在比赛、竞争中击败对手宾语是对手win表示赢得胜利、比赛、辩论、战争、奖品、钱等宾语是比赛、战斗、奖品等Yesterday I _John at chess.He _only one set，while I _two sets.昨天我和约翰下棋赢了他。他只赢了一盘，而我赢了两盘。defeat/beatwonwon牛刀小试完成句子我能听到雨击打着窗户。I could hear the rain _ the windows.答案：beating against4 John Snow was a f

7、amous doctor in Londonso expert，indeed，that he attended Queen Victoria as her person physician.约翰斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生他的确医术精湛，因而成了维多利亚女王的私人大夫。(1)expert品味经典All the young men are _players.所有这些年轻人都是熟练的队员。an agricultural _农业专家expertexpert自我探究expert adj.熟练的；经验或知识丰富的 n专家；行家。归纳拓展Tom is expert in writing reports.Tom

8、 is an expert in writing reports.汤姆很善于写报告。(2)attend品味经典Dr.Smith _ her in hospital.史密斯医生在医院给她治病。_ (on) a patient 看护病人attendedattend自我探究attend vt.照顾；护理。作“照顾；护理”讲时，可用attend，也可用attend on/upon。归纳拓展attend 还有“出席；参加”的意思，相当于be present at。还可用作不及物动词，意为“专心；注意听”。(1)attend school/class/church 上学/上课/去教堂attend a le

9、cture/ meeting 听演讲/参加会议 (2)attend to 专心于；处理；照顾；接待Attend to your work and stop talking.专心工作，不要说话。(3)因为能照顾父母我心里充满喜悦。My heart was filled with gladness because I was able to _.答案：attend my parents5 But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.但当他一想到要帮助(那些)受到霍乱威

10、胁的普通老百姓时，他就会感到振奋。品味经典She always _her skin _direct sunlight.她总是使皮肤直接暴露于阳光下。Dont _the film _ light.不要使照片曝光。He _the plan _ that newspaper.他向那家报纸透露了这个计划。exposetoexposetoexposedto自我探究expose vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光；使遭受(危险等)；使接触到。 归纳拓展【助记】6 Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。品味经典There

11、 is no known cure but the illness can be treated.这种病尚没有确切的治愈方法，但可以医治。a cure for a disease医治某种病的药/疗法自我探究cure nC，U意为治愈；疗法。归纳拓展This medicine will cure you of your headache.这种药可治好你的头疼。 He was cured of his habit of drinking last year.他去年已改掉喝酒的坏习惯了。牛刀小试用treat，cure填空(1)Which doctor is going to _ him for hi

12、s illness?答案：treat(2)This new medicine soon _ my cold.答案：cure完成句子(3)When I left hospital _ (我完全痊愈了)答案：I was completely cured(4)This job _ (将会治好他的懒病)答案：will cure him of his laziness7 The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.第二种看法是人们是在吃饭时把这种病毒引入体内的。品味经典

13、Cotton gloves absorb sweat.棉手套吸汗。So many good ideas! Its too much for me to absorb all at once.这么多好主意！太多了，我很难一下子完全吸收。The old man was completely absorbed in the book.老人全神贯注地读这本书。自我探究absorb vt.吸收；吸引；使专心。【助记】归纳拓展(1)absorb ones attention 吸引某人的注意(2)absorb. into. 吸收到；吞并(3)be absorbed in (doing) sth.put on

14、es heart into (doing) sth.be buried in (doing) sth.fix ones attention on. 专心于(做)某事，全神贯注于(做)某事The surrounding small towns have been absorbed into the city.四周的小城镇已并入这座城市。牛刀小试完成句子他如此专心地看电视，以至于没有注意到我进来。He was so _ that he didnt notice me coming in.答案：absorbed in watching TV1 He _ _a very good suggestion

15、 at the meeting.他在会上提了一个很好的建议。2 He _ _ _a good idea at the meeting.他在会上提出了一个好主意。3翻译句子他拒绝了委员会提出的所有建议。4 It is difficult to_ _ _ _.很难得出一个清楚的结论。5 He _his speech by reading a poem.他以朗诵一首诗结束了他的演讲。put forwardcame up with答案：He rejected all the proposals put forward by the committee.draw a clear conclusionco

16、ncluded6 Yesterday I _John at chess.He _only one set，while I _two sets.defeated/beatwonwon7 My heart was filled with gladness because I was able to _.attend my parentsexpert8 All the young men are _players.9 He _the plan _ that newspaper.exposedto小测8 John Snow _that the second theory was correct but

17、 he needed evidence.约翰斯诺推测第二种说法是正确的，但需要有证据。suspected品味经典We suspect her motives.我们怀疑她的动机。The police quizzed the suspect.警察盘问了这个嫌疑犯。自我探究suspect vt.怀疑，认为是；n.被怀疑者；嫌疑犯。归纳拓展She_ _ _ _ _ _她怀疑他拿走了她的手表。We_ _ _ _ _.我们猜想他病了。I began to suspect (that)_ _ _ _ _ _ _.我开始怀疑他们试图摆脱我。suspected him of taking her watch.s

18、uspected him to be illthey were trying to get rid of me易混辨析9 It seemed that the water was to _看来水是罪魁祸首。blame.品味经典Either he or I am to blame.该受责备的不是他就是我。自我探究blame vt.责备；谴责 nU 过失；责备。归纳拓展You shouldnt blame John _the failure.You shouldnt blame the failure _John.你们不应该把这次失败怪在约翰头上。foron10 He immediately to

19、ld the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the _from the pump so that it could not be used.约翰斯诺马上叫宽街上惊慌失措的老百姓拆掉水泵的把手。这样，水泵就用不成了。handle品味经典Then he turned the handle and went in.然后他转动把手，走了进去。自我探究handle n意为把手。归纳拓展Do you know how to handle the computer?你知道怎样使用这台电脑吗？Some customers are quite diffi

20、cult to handle.有些顾客很难对付。易混辨析handle，deal withhandle表示在处置过程中应付自如deal with表示应付的人或事比较麻烦或复杂，含有要解决问题的意思牛刀小试完成句子(1)谁能把这个问题处理得最好？Who can best _？答案：handle the problem(2)别担心，史密斯先生，问题已经解决了。Dont worry，Mr.Smith._.答案：Its already been dealt with11 In another part of London，he found supporting evidence from two oth

21、er deaths that were _ _the Broad Street outbreak.在伦敦的另一个地区，他从两个与布洛德街爆发的霍乱有关联的死亡病例中找到了有力的证据。linked to品味经典For centuries farmers have linked the behavior of animals to changes in the weather.几个世纪以来农民们一直把动物行为与天气变化联系在一起。自我探究link.to.意为将和联系或连接起来。The new tunnel _Britain _France.新的隧道把英法两国连接起来。linksto12 With

22、this extra evidence John Snow was able to _with certainty that polluted water carried the virus.有了这个额外的证据，约翰斯诺就能够肯定地宣布这种被污染了的水携带有这种病毒。announce品味经典The vote was completed.The chairman _the result.投票完毕，主席宣布了结果。The teacher _that there would be no school tomorrow.老师通知说明天没有课。announcedannounced自我探究announce

23、 vt.宣布；通告。归纳拓展注意：announce后不接双宾语。The news was announced to the public on TV.这则消息经由电视向大众宣布。The captain announced that the plane was going to land.机长宣布飞机就要着陆了。It is announced that she is going to Japan next week.据悉下个星期她要去日本。Attention，please! I have an announcement to make.大家请注意，我有事要通知。易混辨析announce，decl

24、areannounceannounce指正式地“公开；发表；宣布”，侧重“预告”人们所关心或感兴趣的事情，尤指新闻之类的消息。declaredeclare指正式地、明确地向公众“宣布；宣告；声明”，侧重“当众”发表，多用于宣战、议和、宣判等(含“郑重其事”之意)。declare后可跟复合宾语。John announced to us his engagement to Mary.约翰向我们宣布他和玛丽订婚的消息。In 1897 they declared that they believed there was something in nature which gave out radiat

25、ion.1897年他们宣布他们相信在自然界存在着能发出辐射的某种东西。They declared him (to be) a traitor to the country.他们公开宣布他是国家的叛徒。牛刀小试用announce，declare的正确形式填空(1)The government has _ plans to create 10,000 new jobs.(2)In April the Americans _ war on Germany and entered the war.答案：(1)announced(2)declared13 The water companies were

26、 instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more.自来水公司也接到指令，不能再让人们接触被污染的水了。品味经典He was instructed to sail for New York.他奉命前往纽约。归纳拓展instruct vt.意为命令；指示；教导。归纳拓展(1)instruct sb.to do sth.命令/指示某人做某事instruct sb.in sth.给某人讲授某事；指导某人某事(2)instruction n教授；指导；(pl.)用法说明(书)，操作指南instructive adj.说明性的，指示性的

27、，有教育意义的instructor n辅导员，讲师He instructed me to deliver it to a customer.他吩咐我把东西送去给顾客。He instructs a class in history.他教授一个班的历史。She instructed me in the use of the telephone.她教我使用电话。牛刀小试完成句子(1)_ (总是阅读说明)on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine.答案：Always read the instructions(2)_(我得

28、到指示)to wait here until the lecturer arrives.答案：Ive been instructed14 Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。 句型巧析品味经典Neither she nor I am good at English.她和我都不擅长英语。The children are neither in the room nor in the garden.孩子们既不在屋里，也不在花园里。He neither drinks，smokes，nor eats me

29、at.他不喝酒、不抽烟，也不吃肉。自我探究neither .nor.表示“既不也不”，用来连接两个并列成分，如果连接两个主语，谓语动词采取就近一致原则。归纳拓展牛刀小试完成句子(1)Bill wasnt happy about the delay of the report by Jason，and _(我也不高兴)答案：neither was I(2)If Joes wife doesnt go to the party，_(他也不去)答案：neither will he15 So many thousands of terrified people died every time ther

30、e was an outbreak.每次霍乱爆发时，就有大批惊恐的老百姓病死。品味经典Every time I went to Beijing，I would visit the Great Wall.我每次去北京都会去参观长城。Every time I see him，he is working hard.我每次见到他时，他都在拼命地工作。自我探究every time 作连词用，引导时间状语从句，与each time相同，意为每次。归纳拓展The last time he saw Jane，she was lying in bed.他最后一次见到简时，她正躺在床上。牛刀小试完成句子(1)我一

31、见到你就认出是你。I recognized you _.答案：the instant I saw you(2)他到达的当天便去拜访了他的老朋友。He called on him _.答案：the day he arrived(3)他们每次见面都会谈论很长时间。_ they would talk long hours together.答案：Each time they met16 (1)The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air.第一种看法是霍乱病毒在空气中繁殖。(2)To prevent this from happening

32、 again，John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined.为防止这种情况再度发生，约翰斯诺建议所有水源都要经过检测。品味经典Her pale face suggested that she was ill.她苍白的脸表明她生病了。All of them suggested that the work should be started at once.他们建议立刻开始工作。自我探究句(1)中的suggest意为“暗示；表明”，其后所接的宾语从句不使用虚拟语气，要用陈述语气。句(2)中的sug

33、gest意为建议，其后的宾语从句使用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“should动词原形”，其中should可省略。牛刀小试用所给动词的适当形式填空(1)I suggest that you _ (phone) the teacher before you leave.(2)I suggest _(talk) to a lawyer before you do anything.(3)All the evidence suggests that the problem _(improve) in recent years.答案：(1)(should) phone(2)talking(3)has imp

34、roved JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA”John Snow was a famous doctor in Londonso expert，indeed，that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.This was the deadly disease of its day.Neither its cause nor

35、 its cure was understood.So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem.He knew that cholera would never be controlled until its cause was found.译文助读He became interested in two theories that possibly explained

36、 how cholera killed people.The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air.A cloud of dangerous gas floated around until it found its victims.The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and so

37、on the affected person died.John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence.So when another outbreak hit London in 1854，he was ready to begin his enquiry.As the disease spread quickly through poor neighbourhoods，he began to gather information.In two particular streets，t

38、he cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days.He was determined to find out why.First he marked on a map the exact places where all the dead people had lived.This gave him a valuable clue about the cause of the disease.Many of the deaths were near the water pump in Bro

39、ad Street(especially numbers 16,37,38 and 40)He also noticed that some houses (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street)had had no deaths.He had not foreseen this，so hemade further investigations.He discovered that these people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street.They had been

40、 given free beer and so had not drunk the water from the pump.It seemed that the water was to blame.Next，John Snow looked into the source of the water for these two streets.He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London.He immediately told the astonished people in Broad

41、 Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be used.Soon afterwards the disease slowed down.He had shown that cholera was spread by germs and not in a cloud of gas.In another part of London，he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak.A woman，who had moved away from Broad Street，liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to h