新视野大学英语读写译4U校园第三单元课后测试答案

1、选词填空（15选10） 10题，总分值：20分Directions： Fill in the blanks in the following passage by selecting suitable words from the word bank. Each word can be used only once.Somebody ought to defend the workaholic. These people are unjustly accused, abused, and 1) teased - often termed sick or abnormal.However, so

2、me social researchers 2) deduce from the resources of most significant social achievements that workaholics are, in fact, the real achievers. One-third of American business and 3) commerce is carried on the shoulders of workaholics. There is a wide-spread feeling against excellence - even an 4) admi

3、ration of commonness. It is as though we are against those who make uncommon sacrifices because they 5) enjoy doing something.Now, it is time for us to 6) revive the respect for excellence. We do not seem to realize that very little excellence is 7) achieved by living a so-called well-balanced life.

4、 Edison, Ford, Einstein, Freud and most 8) predecessors in various fields had single-minded devotion to work whereby they sacrificed many things, including family and friendship. Some people say that workaholics bear guilt by not being good parents or spouses. But guilt can 9) exist in the balanced

5、life also. Consider how many normal people find, at middle-age, that they have never done anything well 一 they are going to 10) regret for being less than what they could have become. Isnt that a pity, too?A.enjoyB.reactC.administrateD.teasedE.existF. commerceG.reviveH.receiveddeduceA收起解析J. regretK.

6、financialL.retailerM.achievedN.predecessorsO.admiration参考答案：1) teased 2) deduce 3) commerce 4) admiration 5) enjoy 6) revive 7) achieved 8) predecessors 9) exist 10) regretA收起解析长篇阅读10题，总分值：40分Directions： You are going to read a passage with 10 statements attached to it. Each statement contains infor

7、mation given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter.The Rise of the Social EntrepreneurUBS, a Swiss private bank with many of the world5s richest people among its client

8、s, is conducting an interesting experiment in Brazil, Mexico and Argentina. It has formed an alliance with Ashoka, a global organization that invests in leading “social entrepreneurs” - people who use creative business practice with the potential to solve a social problem. The alliance is offering a

9、 new prize for social entrepreneurship, to bring together two groups of people who might never meet in other cases. uAs the biggest wealth manager in the region, we are at the crossroads between capital and ideas - so why not bring the people with capital together with the people who have ideas?”The

10、 social entrepreneurs that are shortlisted (入围)must have been working successfully with Ashoka for at least three years. Winning the prize is not really the point. Simply being selected to be in the room with a bunch of wealthy people gives the social entrepreneurs great trustworthiness with potenti

11、al donors, and evenrunners-up (第二名)have a good chance of coming away with a new financial supporter or some other form of help. Hector Castillo Berthier, who runs an innovative project for troubled Mexican teenagers, came third in last years Mexican prize, but still got a crucial donation and free u

12、se of office space.C) Ashoka is not alone in bringing social entrepreneurs together with the wealthy and powerful. Social entrepreneurs now rub shoulders with the worlds business and political elite at the World Economic Forum in Davos. Ashoka was founded in 1980 by Bill Drayton, a former McKinsey c

13、onsultant, who expects the rise of social entrepreneurship to generate huge benefits. He says it is now helping to bring about a productivity miracle in what he calls the “citizen half of the world” (education, welfare and so on), a sector that for three centuries has lagged behind the business half

14、 of the world”. The emergence of more social entrepreneurs, and their improved access to growth capital as they get better connected to philanthropists (慈善家)，is creating enormous productivity opportunities for the citizen sector.The citizen sector is mainly made up of government plus the non-profit

15、sector. Both government and non-profits have traditionally been run inefficiently. The productivity miracle is due both to a shift from government provision to more efficient private provision and by an increase in the efficiency of the non-profit sector.However, the improvement the efficiency may s

16、till have some way to go. In 2004, Bill Bradley, a former presidential candidate, and two consultants claimed that, in America alone, there was a u$100 billion opportunity“ for the non-profit sector to improve its efficiency through better management. But is social entrepreneurship the best way to a

17、chieve that? There is no easy answer, because nobody is sure what exactly the term means. In a book on the rise of social entrepreneurship, David Bornstein notes that most discussion of social entrepreneurship tends to revolve around “how business and management skills can be applied to achieve soci

18、al ends”. He himself sees social entrepreneurs as transformative forces: people with new ideas to address major problems who are persistent in the pursuit of their visions”.Mr. Schramm of the Kauffman Foundation, which promotes a better understanding of entrepreneurship, says that being an entrepren

19、eur means being a risk-taker, but a high risk of failure may be the last thing that many non-profits need. Mr. Omidyar, a philanthropist and the founder of eBay, is uncomfortable with the label either, which he feels implies a disapproval of profits that he does not share. But his fellow philanthrop

20、ist from eBay, Mr. Skoll, thinks social entrepreneurship has something going for it. The mission of his foundation is “to advance systemic change to benefit communities around the world by investing in, connecting and celebrating social entrepreneurs”.Among other things, Mr. Skoll has endowed the Sk

21、oll Centre for Social Entrepreneurship at Oxford Universitys Said Business School. This is part of a growing trend for academic institutions, including nowadays most business schools. Harvard Business School started teaching a course on social enterprise 12 years ago. Mr. Schramm worries that some o

22、f these courses are more likely to turn students against capitalism. But Mr. Whitehead, a former Goldman Sachs boss, sees it as part of a trend among the elite in many countries who want to make not just money but “a difference.Certainly the number of business-school graduates going into the non-pro

23、fit sector has increased. That appeals to the new philanthropists, who want to see people like themselves in charge of the non-profit organizations they support. But these new professionals may achieve as much by using the latest management techniques to improve the performance of existing non-profi

24、t organizations than by creating new ones through social entrepreneurship.Mr. Collins, the management master, says getting the right people is arguably even more important in the non-profit world than it is in business, because it is often harder for non-profits to get rid of employees once they are

25、 uon the bus”. Business leaders can fire people more easily and can spend money on buying talent. But some social entrepreneurs have found their own ways of securing top talent. Wendy Kopp, who in 1989 founded Teach for America - a non-profit organization - made it clear from the start that only the

26、 best would do. By last year, over 97,000 people had applied to work for her organization, but only 14,000 had been accepted. Ms Kopps ability to pick and choose boosted her credibility with her philanthropic supporters and enabled her to raise more money.Many non-profit organizations have been caut

27、ious of working with big donors because their money can come with too many strings attached. And that is starting to change. Barbara Stocking, the boss of Oxfam, a global charity, says they now want to raise more money from the sort of wealthy philanthropists it has not targeted in the past - if onl

28、y because in Britain there havent been many of them. Tm not sure we have been asking for enough money/5 she says.But the main problem for many non-profit organizations is how to get bigger. One of the problems is that well-run non-profits dont necessarily grow,55 says Nigel Morris, the co-founder of

29、 a credit-card company. True, growth isnt everything. Indeed, Mr. Collins worries that non-profits will put scale before genuine effectiveness: uOne of the markers of mediocre (平庸的)companies is that they become obsessed with scale and growth,“ he says. But donors need to decide if they simply want t

30、o buy services from a non-profit, or whether they want to invest in helping the organization grow. If growth is important to them, they need to become a lot less critical aboutexpenses.There is no merger-and-acquisition (并购)market in the non-profit world. And for all sorts of reasons, there are far

31、too many non-profits. Philanthropists could help by encouraging consolidation (整合)，says John Studzinski, co-head of HSBCs investment bank and an active philanthropist. uln homelessness work, Im a great advocate of consolidation. There are about 40 homelessness projects in London; only eight are any

32、good, he says.There is also a role to be played by philanthropists in encouraging non-profits to develop other sources of finance, to reduce their dependence on the goodwill of donors. Providing fee-generating services is one strategy. Doing work for the government is another. Many non-profits have

33、long generated revenues in this way.11)Many non-profit organizations are now faced with the difficulty in promoting their growth and scale. K12)The growing number of social entrepreneurs and better chances to get growth capital will help improve the productivity of the citizen sector. C13)Business s

34、chools are now attaching increasing importance to the courses on social entrepreneurship. G14)The number of non-profit organizations is larger than necessary due to various reasons. L15)Philanthropists can encourage non-profit organizations to be more financially independent of sponsors with two str

35、ategies. M16)In an experiment by an alliance for social entrepreneurship, potential sponsors are likely to trust social entrepreneur seven if they have not won any prize. B17)It is difficult to determine whether social entrepreneurship is the most effective means to improve the efficiency of non-pro

36、fit sector. ENon-profit organizations are not so flexible in hiring or firing their employees compared with those for-profit organizations. IDue to the restrictions combined with the funding, many non-profit organizations are careful when they cooperate with wealthy sponsors. JNew philanthropists ar

37、e attracted by the rising number of graduates with business degrees entering the non-profit sector. H参考答案：K 12) C 13) G 14) L 15) M 16) B 17) E 18) I 19) JHA收起解析阅读理解10题，总分值：40分Directions： Read the following passages carefully. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished sentences. For e

38、ach of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best answer to each question.Something big is happening to the human race - something that could be called the Great Transformation.Take the energy for example. Some people worry about what will happen when the deposits of petroleu

39、m are gone, but researchers are already finding all kinds of new ways to obtain energy. Someday, solar power collected by satellites circling the earth or nuclear power manufactured by mankind may give us all the energy we need for an expanding civilization. Space exploration promises to open up man

40、y new territories for human settlement, as well as leading to the harvest of mineral resources like the asteroids (小行星).Scientific research continues to open up previously undreamed-of possibilities. Seventy years ago, few people could even imagine things like computers or lasers. Today, a host of n

41、ewly emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence and genetic engineering are opening up all kinds of new paths for technologists.21)22)23)24)25)Like it or not, our advancing technology has made us masters of the earth. We not only dominate all the other animals, but we are reshaping the wo

42、rlds plant life and even its soil and rocks, its waters and surrounding air. Mountains are being dug up to provide minerals and stone for buildings. The very ground under our feet is washing away as we chop down the forests, plow up the fields, and excavate (挖掘) foundations for our buildings.Human j

43、unk is cluttering (拥塞)up not only the land but even the bottom of the sea. And so many chemicals are being released into the air by human activities that scientists worry that the entire globe may warm, causing the polar icecaps to melt and ocean waters to flood vast areas of the land.No one knows w

44、hat the Great Transformation means or where it will ultimately lead. But this mysterious Transformation is the biggest story of all time. It is the story of the human race itself.By “the Great TransformationM, the author means.A. all the changes happened to human lifeB. recent changes due to advanci

45、ng technologyC. discoveries in new sources of energyD. the damage that man has done to nature so farWhat energy source is mentioned as a way to provide our energy needs in the future?A. Nuclear power found in new territories in space.B. Harvest of electricity from space exploration. C. Mineral resou

46、rces collected from the asteroids. D. Solar power obtained with satellites.According to the scientists, what directly leads to flooding in vast areas of the land?A. Human junk piled up at the bottom of the sea.B. Mountains that are dug up for stone and minerals.C. The melting polar icecaps caused by

47、 global warming.D. The plowing of fields and earth-digging for buildings.What tone does the author convey when he describes the impacts of advancing technology?A. Ironic.B. Enthusiastic.C. Cautious.D. Indifferent.Which of the followings can best summarize the article?A. The development in science an

48、d technology makes humans powerful enough to achieve anything possible. B. The Great Transformation changes human life remarkably, yet it is hard to tell whether the changes are positive.C. Advanced technology guarantees that human beings are living in a world better than before. D. Changes brought

49、about by human efforts will surely destroy the mountains and sea, and cause disaster to the earth.参考答案：B 22) D 23) C 24) A 25) BA收起解析What is the use of a plan?The concept that a plan itself means very little isnt a new idea. Who would think that spending a year doing a business plan is a good thing,

50、 or that formal business plans spell success?Business plans are sometimes overdone and misused, but the planning process is critical. About 60 years ago, Dwight D. Eisenhower said, uThe plan is useless; its the planning thafs important“ Thafs still true today. In fact, all business plans are wrong.

51、TheyYe the work of humans guessing the future, dealing with uncertainty and making assumptions. Still, the planning process is absolutely essential. A startup entrepreneurs planning process should start with a plan and continue with a plan vs. reality review, progress tracking and course correction.

52、Planning is about controlling your destiny: Establish your business goals and outline the steps needed to achieve them - don5t just react to events. While your plan will be wrong, of course, how would you track what is going wrong without it? You cant have a route without a starting point and a dest

53、ination, but even the most well-planned route may require some detours (绕道).For the best results, planning should be concrete and specific. For each step in your plan, create dates, deadlines and clearly assigned responsibilities. You cant track your progress and steer your company efficiently with vague generalities (概述).In real-world planning, form follows function. When new businesses seek investors they usually need formal plans. Investors who say they dont need formal plans still need to see your strategy, focus, priorities, commitments, dates and de