高中语法冠词讲解

1、The usage of articlesWhat do you know about articles?Articles: 1.indefinite articles: a/an + 单数名词 2.definite article: the +单数名词、复数名词、不可数名词3.zero article： 0+ 复数名词、不可数名词一、zero article下列场合的名词前一般不加冠词。下列场合的名词前一般不加冠词。 1.复数名词、不可数名词(抽象名词和物质名词抽象名词和物质名词)前，表示类别或泛指类别或泛指。如： They are girls，not boys. People cant g

2、o without water or air. 2. “人名、地名、国名人名、地名、国名”等专有名词前通常不用冠词： Mary, Lei Feng; Beijing, London; China, South Africa 但如后有定语修饰表特指，需加定冠词： The Xiangshan of today is different from what it was. 3. “街名、广场名、公园名、大学名街名、广场名、公园名、大学名”等专有名词前通常不用冠词： Wang Fu Jing Street 王府井大街; Naking Road 南京路 Pei Hai Park 北海公园; Zhejia

3、ng University 浙江大学 但也可说： the University of Zhejiang 4.星期，月份，季节，职务，球类运动，三餐星期，月份，季节，职务，球类运动，三餐名词前。如： Summer is hot and winter is cold here. What do you have for lunch?但如后有定语修饰表特指，需加定冠词 in the spring of 1945 5.零冠词也可与表示家庭成员的单数名词搭配表示家庭成员的单数名词搭配作确定特指。 Mary asked “Why is Father out of work?6. make/ elect s

4、b. + 独一无二的最高职务独一无二的最高职务前通常不加冠词： We elected him chairman.7.系动词turn（变成）后（变成）后的单数名词作表语用零冠词.She announced that she was going to turn professional.8. 序数词作副词时，前不用冠词： He came first in the race./ Study must come first. 二、definite article： the 1.用在世界上（宇宙间）独一无二独一无二的物体前。如： The sun is bigger than the moon.2.用于在

5、表示方向，方位方向，方位的名词前。如： China lies in the east of Asia. 3.用于江河湖海及山脉江河湖海及山脉名词前。如： We live near the Yellow River. The Changjiang River is the biggest one in China. The Himalayas is in Tibet.4.用于普通名普通名词词构成的专有名词构成的专有名词前。如： the Great Wall. 5.用于形容词前，使形容词名词化形容词名词化，表示一类人或事。如： the poor, the rich, the wounded, th

6、e sick, the deaf The wounded were brought to the hospital.6.用于演奏乐器的名称乐器的名称和文艺活动文艺活动，运动场所运动场所的名称前。如： The little girl likes to play the violin. They are going to the cinema tonight. 7.用于姓名复数之前姓名复数之前，表示一家人一家人。如： The Greens are very kind to us. 8.用在人体部位人体部位名词前。 He seized me by the arm.(hit/strike/beat(h

7、it/strike/beat/catch/catch) + sb. +in /on) + sb. +in /on/by/by + the + + the +部部位位三、indefinite articles: a/an 1.表示世界上独一无二的事物的名词前有描绘性定语时有描绘性定语时 用不定冠词。如： A new moon is hanging high in the sky. 2.一日三餐一日三餐的名词前若有形容词修饰有形容词修饰，可用不定冠词。如： I had a big lunch yesterday.3.序数词前一般要加定冠词 the 表示“第几” 。但如果强调“又，再又，再” 的概念

8、，序数词前用不定冠词。如： A third person stood up to give a talk.4.人名前人名前用不定冠词表示“某个叫做某个叫做”或或“像像一类一类的人物的人物” 。如： A Tom is waiting outside. He thinks she is a Napoleon. 5.在不可数名词前加a/an 表“一阵”，“一场”，“一种”等。 Physics is a science. A knock of the door was heard. a strong wind a slight rain 6. 某些抽象名词前加 a/an 表“一件具体的事或人”。 Wh

9、at a pleasant surprise it is! He is a failure.7.上下文中出现同一名词，但各有所指 ，名词前都用a/an。 -Have you seen a cat? -Is it a black one?四、冠词的特殊位置 a，an 放在how, so, as, too 四个副词所修饰的形容词之后。如： How fine a day it is! He is so good a teacher that all the students love him. This is as good a book as that one. It is too difficu

10、lt a task for you to finish. Exercises1.Tom enjoys playing_football while I enjoy playing _piano very much. A. the; the B. a; a C.; the D. the; 2.There is a hole in_ front wall and _old picture is above it. A. the; an B. a; an C. the; a D. ; an 3.Cotton is grown in_ of China A. north B. the north C.

11、 the north D. a north 4.Remember Ill be waiting for you at _ gate of _ cinema at seven in_ evening. A. a; a; the B. the; the; the C. a; the; an D. the; a; an5. After _ quick breakfast I hurried to _school A.; B. a; C. the；the D. the; 6. It is known to all that_light travels faster than_ sound. A.; B. a; a C. the; the D. the; 7. The children all had a good time on_ Childrens Day A. the B. their C. a D. / 8.-John,there is_Mr.Wilson on the phone for you . -Im in_bath. A. a; the B. the; a C. the; a D. the; / 9. Its _ worl